Gelioseysmologiya va Astroseysmologiya - Астрономия - Презентации

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Gelioseysmologiya va Astroseysmologiya

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1 Gelioseysmologiya va Astroseysmologiya

2Artur S. Eddington : “Yulduzlarning ichki tuzilishi”, 1926 Artur Eddington (1882 – 1944) At first sight it would seem that the deep interior of the sun and stars is less accessible to scientific investigation than any other region of the universe. Our telescopes may probe farther and farther into the depths of space; but how can we ever obtain certain knowledge of that which is hidden behind substantial barriers? What appliance can pierce through the outer layers of a star and test the conditions within?

3Gelioseysmologiya??? Quyosh tebranishlarini qayd etish orqali uning ichki tuzilishini o’rganishhelios : Quyosh seismos : tebranish logos : tushuntirish, isbotlash

Tovush – bu nima?..  , P , T,  4

Chastotalar diapazoni 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz Летучая мышь~50 000 Hz Кит ~10 to 200 Hz Cолнце~ 3,3 mHz 5

Quyosh tebranishlarini o’rganish tarixi 1960 y. • R.Leyton, R.Noys, Dj.Saymon • Quyosh tebranishlarini o’rganish • Dopler siljishlarini o’lchash • 5 min davr bilan gazning ko’tarilib pasayishi 1970 y. • R.Ulrix, Dj.Leybaxer va R.Steyn • Quyoshning ichki qatlamlari – akustik generator 1975 y. • F.-L. Doybner • 5-min tebranish davri va to’lqin uzunligining aniq qiymatlari 1980 y. • E.Fossat va boshqalar • Janubiy qutb (5 kunlik kuzatuv) 1984 y. • IRIS dasturi (International research on the interior of the Sun) Samarqand 6Aprel 17-19, 2014 6

Quyosh tebranishlarining tabiati • Tebranishlarning manbai konvektsiya hisoblanadi. Manbalar 300 km chuqurlikda joylashgan. • Tebranishlar – konvektiv sohada joylashgan akustik to’lqinlar yoki р-modalar (pressure- mode) • Nurlanish sohasida tarqaladigan tebranish modalari – g-modalar (gravity-mode). Qaytaruvchi kuchlar - gravitatsiya 8

Tebranishlar – bu turg’un akustik to’lqinlar 9 /26

10Tebranishlar – bu turg’un akustik to’lqinlar

Past darajali modalar Yuqori darajali modalar 11

12g-modalar p-modalar

 = 1, m=0  = 1, m=1 T. Bedding = 2, m=1  = 2, m=2 13

 = 3, m=0  = 3, m=1  = 3, m=2  = 3, m=3 14

 = 4, m=1  = 4, m=2  = 4, m=4 15

 = 5, m=0  = 5, m=2  = 5, m=3 16

 = 8, m=1  = 8, m=2  = 8, m=3 17

Quyosh tebranishlarini kuzatish usullari • Dopler effekti • Diametr fluktuatsiyalari • Intensivlik fluktuatsiyalari 18

Gelioseysmologiya yordamida olingan asosiy natijalar Samarqand 19Aprel 17-19, 2014 Konvektiv sohaning chuqurligi (0,71R ʘ ) Tovush tezligining radiusga bog’liqligi (0,2-0,98R ʘ ) Quyoshning ichki qatlamlarining aylanishi (0,2R ʘ ) 19

Yu ld uz Millionlab tebranish modalari Tebranish chastota va amplitudalari Zichlik, temperatura, gazning harakati, … Konvektiv sohada turbuletsiya, shaffoflikning o’zgarishi, magnit maydoninig o’zgarishi, … A S T R O S E Y S M O L O G I YA 20

UCLES at the AAT Xalqaro kuzatuv dasturlari • ВiSON (Birmingham Solar Oscillation Network) (1981) • GONG (С1оbа1 Oscillation Network Group) (1985) • IRIS (International Research on the Interior of the Star) (1984) • TON (Taiwan Oscillation Network ). • СRAO-WSO (Crimea Astrophysical Observatory and Wilcox Solar Observatory) (1977) • POI (P-mode Oscillation Imager) (1991) • HLH (High-L Helioseismometer) (1993) • LOI-T (Luminosity Oscillation Imager) (1994) • LOWL (Low-L) (1994) 21 /26

Maydanak Observatoriyasidagi TAT 22 /26

UCLES at the AAT Cosmic missions • ACRIM (Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor) (14 feb 1980) • IPHIR (InterPlanetary Helioseismology by Irradiance measurments) (1988) • SOVA (Solar constant and VAriability) (1992) • SOHO (SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory) (1995) VIRGO (Variability of solar IRradiance and Gravity Oscillation) LOI (Luminosity Oscillation Imager) GOLF (Global Oscillation at Low Frequency) SOI-МDI (Solar Oscillation Investigation – Michelson Doppler Imager) 23 /26

Pulsating stars are everywhere 24

Xulosa • Yulduzlar Koinotda eng ko’p tarqalgan ob’ektlar – barion materiya haqida olinadigan bilimlarning asosiy manbaidir. • Vodorod, geliy va litiydan og’ir bo’lgan barcha kimyoviy elementlar yulduzlarda paydo bo’lgan. • Kimyoviy tarkib – Quyosh tarixini va Quyosh sistemasini, yulduzlarni tushunish. • Yulduzlarning yoshini aniqlash – Galaktikaning va Koinotning yoshi 25

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