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FILOLOGIYA: INGLIZ TILI. Nostrifikatsiya (xorijiy diplomni tan olish) test sinoviga tayyorgarlik: variantlar to'plami (2025–2026)

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FILOLOGIYA: INGLIZ TILI Nostrifikatsiya (xorijiy diplomni tan olish) test sinoviga tayyorgarlik: variantlar to'plami (2025–2026) 20 ta variant • 1000 ta topshiriq • javoblari bilan Mashq to'plami • 2025–2026 o'quv yili Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 1 Imtihon tuzilishi va yo'riqnoma • Nostrifikatsiya — xorijiy davlatda olingan ta'lim hujjatini O'zbekistonda tan olish (ekvivalentligini qayd etish). Arizalar my.gov.uz yoki Davlat xizmatlari markazlari orqali beriladi; test sinovini Bilimni baholash agentligi o'tkazadi. • Test faqat oliy ta'lim (va qayta tayyorlash) hujjatlari bo'yicha, ekspert xulosasi ijobiy bo'lgandan keyin o'tkaziladi. Test arizachining mutaxassisligi bo'yicha olinadi. • Format: 50 ta test savoli, 100 daqiqa (har bir savolga ~2 daqiqa). Har bir to'g'ri javob — 2 ball, maksimal — 100 ball. Tan olish uchun 56 ball (kamida 28 ta to'g'ri javob) talab qilinadi; o'tolmagan talabgor qayta ro'yxatdan o'tib, testni qayta topshirishi mumkin. • 2026-yil kuzgi sessiyalar: 15-oktyabr, 29-oktyabr, 12-noyabr, 26-noyabr, 10-dekabr, 24- dekabr. Ishtirokchilar ro'yxati har sessiyadan kamida 3 kun oldin e'lon qilinadi; ro'yxatni my.gov.uz yoki Davlat xizmatlari markazlarida ariza raqami bo'yicha tekshirish mumkin. Pasport yoki ID-karta bilan o'z vaqtida keling. • Testsiz tan olinadiganlar: QS, THE yoki ARWU reytinglarining TOP-1000 taligiga kiruvchi OTM bitiruvchilari, xalqaro shartnomalar yoki hukumat qarorlari asosida o'qiganlar, O'zbekistondagi xorijiy OTM filiallari bitiruvchilari va boshqa belgilangan toifalar. • To'plam tuzilishi: 20 ta variant × 50 savol. Har bir variant mutaxassislikning barcha asosiy bo'limlarini qamrab oladi. To'g'ri javob har bir savol ostida yashil rangda, hujjat oxirida esa javoblar kaliti bor. O'zingizni sinash uchun avval variantni 100 daqiqada yechib, keyin kalit bilan tekshiring. • Muhim: rasmiy test savollari ochiq e'lon qilinmaydi. Bu mutaxassislik dasturlari asosida tuzilgan mashq savollari; format va talablar o'zgarishini uzbmb.uz va my.gov.uz da kuzatib boring. Har bir variant tuzilishi Topshiriqlar Turi Izoh 1–50 Yopiq test (4 ta variant) Mutaxassislik fanlari bo'yicha bitta to'g'ri javob; har bir to'g'ri javob 2 ball Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 2 Mundarija № Variant Topshiriqlar 1 1-variant 1–50 2 2-variant 51–100 3 3-variant 101–150 4 4-variant 151–200 5 5-variant 201–250 6 6-variant 251–300 7 7-variant 301–350 8 8-variant 351–400 9 9-variant 401–450 10 10-variant 451–500 11 11-variant 501–550 12 12-variant 551–600 13 13-variant 601–650 14 14-variant 651–700 15 15-variant 701–750 16 16-variant 751–800 17 17-variant 801–850 18 18-variant 851–900 19 19-variant 901–950 20 20-variant 951–1000 Jami topshiriqlar 1000 Javoblar kaliti (hujjat oxirida) Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 3 1-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. The Act of Union of 1707 united A) Scotland and Ireland B) Great Britain and Ireland C) England and Scotland D) England and Wales To'g'ri javob: C) England and Scotland✔ 2. Which work of 1755 is regarded as the first great English dictionary of authority? A) Robert Cawdrey's «Table Alphabeticall» B) Samuel Johnson's «A Dictionary of the English Language» C) Noah Webster's «American Dictionary» D) The Oxford English Dictionary To'g'ri javob: B) Samuel Johnson's «A Dictionary of the English Language» ✔ 3. The principal author of the Declaration of Independence was A) George Washington B) Thomas Jefferson C) John Adams D) Benjamin Franklin To'g'ri javob: B) Thomas Jefferson ✔ 4. Each US state is represented in the Senate by A) a number proportional to population B) two senators C) three senators D) one senator To'g'ri javob: B) two senators ✔ 5. The thief is believed ___ through the kitchen window last night. A) that entered B) to have entered C) entering D) to be entering To'g'ri javob: B) to have entered ✔ 6. It's high time we ___ home; it's nearly midnight. A) go B) will go C) went D) have gone To'g'ri javob: C) went ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 4 7. Why did Celtic languages leave relatively few loanwords in English vocabulary? A) The Celtic population was socially subordinate and its influence was largely limited to place names B) The Celts adopted Latin before the Anglo-Saxons arrived C) Celtic words were banned by the Church D) Celtic had no contact with English To'g'ri javob: A) The Celtic population was socially subordinate and its influence was largely ✔ limited to place names 8. In the US education system, a student in the 12th grade of high school is usually called a A) junior B) freshman C) sophomore D) senior To'g'ri javob: D) senior ✔ 9. Choose the correct collective noun: “a ___ of wolves”. A) flock B) swarm C) pack D) herd To'g'ri javob: C) pack ✔ 10. Middle English /uː/ in «hus» developed into Modern English A) /ɔː/ in «house» B) /aʊ/ in «house» C) /ʌ/ in «house» D) /uː/ unchanged To'g'ri javob: B) /aʊ/ in «house» ✔ 11. It is ___ unlikely that the plan will be approved before Friday. A) strongly B) heavily C) highly D) greatly To'g'ri javob: C) highly ✔ 12. A US President's term of office is A) two years B) five years C) six years D) four years To'g'ri javob: D) four years ✔ 13. You ___ have told me about the meeting! I only found out about it this morning, too late to attend. A) should B) need C) can D) must To'g'ri javob: A) should ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 5 14. This time next week I ___ on a beach in Spain. A) will have lain B) will be lying C) am lain D) lie To'g'ri javob: B) will be lying✔ 15. The Christianization of England in AD 597 was led by A) St Columba B) St Augustine of Canterbury C) Alcuin of York D) St Patrick To'g'ri javob: B) St Augustine of Canterbury ✔ 16. Only after the meeting ___ the truth about the budget. A) I learned B) I did learn C) did I learn D) learned I To'g'ri javob: C) did I learn ✔ 17. The capital of the United States is A) Philadelphia B) Boston C) New York D) Washington, D.C. To'g'ri javob: D) Washington, D.C. ✔ 18. The transfer of certain powers from the UK Parliament to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland is called A) centralization B) federalization C) secession D) devolution To'g'ri javob: D) devolution ✔ 19. Within the Germanic languages, English is classified as a member of which subgroup? A) North Germanic B) Central Germanic C) West Germanic D) East Germanic To'g'ri javob: C) West Germanic ✔ 20. The Old English vocabulary was predominantly A) Germanic B) Greek C) Celtic D) Romance To'g'ri javob: A) Germanic ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 6 21. Read the text: «The professor looked at the clock, sighed, and closed her notebook. Half the students were still arriving, shaking water from their umbrellas.» What can be inferred? A) the professor had finished her lecture early B) latecomers on a rainy day delayed the lecture C) the students were leaving the building D) the professor was late for the lecture To'g'ri javob: B) latecomers on a rainy day delayed the lecture✔ 22. Choose the correct partitive: “a ___ of soap”. A) loaf B) pinch C) slice D) bar To'g'ri javob: D) bar ✔ 23. Choose the correct relative word: “This is the house ___ I was born.” A) which B) where C) what D) whose To'g'ri javob: B) where ✔ 24. The committee suggested that he ___ a specialist before making a decision. A) consulting B) to consult C) will consult D) consult To'g'ri javob: D) consult ✔ 25. After her parents died, she was ___ by her aunt. A) brought in B) brought about C) brought up D) brought off To'g'ri javob: C) brought up ✔ 26. Please ___ the documents on my desk when you finish. A) lay B) lie C) lain D) lying To'g'ri javob: A) lay ✔ 27. If I ___ you, I would accept the offer without hesitation. A) am B) had C) were D) would be To'g'ri javob: C) were ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 7 28. We ___ for two hours when the rain finally stopped. A) were walked B) are walking C) had been walking D) have been walking To'g'ri javob: C) had been walking✔ 29. Remembrance Day in the UK is marked on or near A) 1 May B) 5 November C) 11 November D) 25 December To'g'ri javob: C) 11 November ✔ 30. As inflections were lost, English came to rely more heavily on A) verb-final clauses B) free word order C) case endings on adjectives D) fixed word order and prepositions To'g'ri javob: D) fixed word order and prepositions ✔ 31. I'm very interested ___ learning Japanese. A) for B) in C) at D) on To'g'ri javob: B) in ✔ 32. The English word “magazine” normally means ___. A) a periodical publication with articles and pictures B) a shop selling food C) a newspaper kiosk D) a shopping centre To'g'ri javob: A) a periodical publication with articles and pictures ✔ 33. The highest mountain in the United Kingdom is A) Snowdon B) Scafell Pike C) Ben Nevis D) Slieve Donard To'g'ri javob: C) Ben Nevis ✔ 34. How much ___ are you taking on the plane? A) a luggage B) luggage C) baggages D) luggages To'g'ri javob: B) luggage ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 8 35. Look at those dark clouds! It ___ rain. A) shall to B) would C) is going to D) is raining to To'g'ri javob: C) is going to✔ 36. Slavery in the US was abolished by the A) 19th Amendment B) 26th Amendment C) 13th Amendment D) 1st Amendment To'g'ri javob: C) 13th Amendment ✔ 37. Who introduced the printing press to England in 1476? A) Samuel Johnson B) William Caxton C) William Tyndale D) John Wycliffe To'g'ri javob: B) William Caxton ✔ 38. The Magna Carta was sealed in A) 1485 B) 1066 C) 1215 D) 1688 To'g'ri javob: C) 1215 ✔ 39. “That new laptop cost an arm and a leg” means it was ___. A) badly damaged B) very cheap C) difficult to find D) very expensive To'g'ri javob: D) very expensive ✔ 40. “Was the test difficult?” – “No, it was a piece of cake.” This means the test was ___. A) very interesting B) very long C) unexpected D) very easy To'g'ri javob: D) very easy ✔ 41. The capital of Wales is A) Bangor B) Swansea C) Newport D) Cardiff To'g'ri javob: D) Cardiff ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 9 42. Everyone can ___ a mistake; the important thing is to learn from it. A) take B) make C) do D) give To'g'ri javob: B) make✔ 43. As a result of the Great Vowel Shift, Middle English /iː/ in «time» became A) /uː/ B) /aɪ/ (via intermediate stages) C) /ɪ/ D) /eː/ To'g'ri javob: B) /aɪ/ (via intermediate stages) ✔ 44. I ___ this film three times so far. A) was seeing B) saw C) had seen D) have seen To'g'ri javob: D) have seen ✔ 45. The pronouns «they, them, their» entered English largely from A) Celtic B) Latin C) Old Norse D) Norman French To'g'ri javob: C) Old Norse ✔ 46. The police believe he ___ the crime alone. A) made B) committed C) did up D) performed To'g'ri javob: B) committed ✔ 47. By the time we arrived at the cinema, the film ___. A) is already starting B) has already started C) had already started D) was already start To'g'ri javob: C) had already started ✔ 48. Latin words such as «chester» (from «castra») and «street» (from «strata») were borrowed A) mainly through continental contact before or soon after the Anglo-Saxon settlement B) in the 18th century via scientific writing C) after the Norman Conquest D) during the Renaissance To'g'ri javob: A) mainly through continental contact before or soon after the Anglo-Saxon ✔ settlement Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 10 49. Which of these is a Celtic element commonly found in English place names? A) -chester B) -by (as in Derby) C) Avon (river) D) -thorpe To'g'ri javob: C) Avon (river)✔ 50. A colleague asks, “Could you help me with this report?” You agree willingly. Which reply is most natural? A) Not at all. B) You're welcome. C) Sure, no problem. D) It doesn't matter. To'g'ri javob: C) Sure, no problem. ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 11 2-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. In “He is said to be a good doctor”, the part “He ... to be a good doctor” is ___. A) a gerundial construction B) a complex subject C) a complex object D) an absolute construction To'g'ri javob: B) a complex subject✔ 2. In R. Jakobson's model of language functions, the function focused on the message for its own sake is ___. A) conative B) referential C) phatic D) poetic To'g'ri javob: D) poetic ✔ 3. Syntagmatic relations hold between A) synonyms B) dialects C) elements that combine linearly in a sequence D) elements in a substitution class To'g'ri javob: C) elements that combine linearly in a sequence ✔ 4. Henry Fielding's «Tom Jones» is an example of A) the Gothic novel B) the novel of manners of the Victorian era C) the picaresque/comic novel D) the modernist novel To'g'ri javob: C) the picaresque/comic novel ✔ 5. Parts of speech in traditional grammar are classified according to ___. A) etymological criteria B) frequency of use C) meaning, form and function D) phonetic criteria only To'g'ri javob: C) meaning, form and function ✔ 6. In the sentence «The cat chased the mouse», «the cat» functions as A) the object B) the subject C) the predicate D) the adverbial To'g'ri javob: B) the subject ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 12 7. A phoneme is A) a syllable B) the smallest meaningful unit of language C) the smallest unit of sound that distinguishes meaning D) a written letter To'g'ri javob: C) the smallest unit of sound that distinguishes meaning✔ 8. Switching between two languages within a conversation is called A) borrowing B) code-switching C) diglossia D) pidginization To'g'ri javob: B) code-switching ✔ 9. «Brunch» (breakfast + lunch) is an example of A) acronymy B) blending C) clipping D) conversion To'g'ri javob: B) blending ✔ 10. The idea that humans have an innate language faculty, termed Universal Grammar, is associated with A) Noam Chomsky B) B. F. Skinner C) Ferdinand de Saussure D) Edward Sapir To'g'ri javob: A) Noam Chomsky ✔ 11. In “Anna Karenina” the opening line “Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way” is built on ___. A) litotes B) onomatopoeia C) antithesis D) zeugma To'g'ri javob: C) antithesis ✔ 12. Systemic functional grammar is associated with ___. A) M.A.K. Halliday B) Charles Fillmore C) Leonard Bloomfield D) Lucien Tesnière To'g'ri javob: A) M.A.K. Halliday ✔ 13. Thoreau's «Walden» describes A) his experiment in simple living near a pond B) a whaling voyage C) life on a Mississippi steamboat D) the Civil War To'g'ri javob: A) his experiment in simple living near a pond ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 13 14. C.C. Fries in “The Structure of English” (1952) classified English words into ___. A) eight parts of speech B) ten notional and two functional classes C) three classes of lexemes D) four form classes and fifteen function groups To'g'ri javob: D) four form classes and fifteen function groups✔ 15. The head of the noun phrase «the tall student from Tashkent» is A) Tashkent B) tall C) the D) student To'g'ri javob: D) student ✔ 16. “The pen is mightier than the sword.” The words “pen” and “sword” are used as ___. A) oxymoron B) zeugma C) metonymy D) simile To'g'ri javob: C) metonymy ✔ 17. A metrical foot consisting of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed one is ___. A) a trochee B) a dactyl C) an anapaest D) an iamb To'g'ri javob: A) a trochee ✔ 18. William Labov is best known for A) speech act theory B) structuralism in Geneva C) variationist sociolinguistics D) generative grammar To'g'ri javob: C) variationist sociolinguistics ✔ 19. A variety of language associated with a particular social group is a A) register B) sociolect C) pidgin D) idiolect To'g'ri javob: B) sociolect ✔ 20. Intentional distortion of spelling to show a character's pronunciation (“gonna”, “wanna”) is called by Galperin ___. A) pun B) barbarism C) archaism D) graphon To'g'ri javob: D) graphon ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 14 21. “A deafening silence” is an example of ___. A) anaphora B) simile C) oxymoron D) periphrasis To'g'ri javob: C) oxymoron✔ 22. The deliberate omission of conjunctions between coordinate parts is called ___. A) polysyndeton B) aposiopesis C) ellipsis D) asyndeton To'g'ri javob: D) asyndeton ✔ 23. “Style in Fiction” (1981), a classic of literary stylistics, was written by ___. A) D. Crystal and D. Davy B) I.R. Galperin and I.V. Arnold C) G. Leech and M. Short D) R. Jakobson and M. Halle To'g'ri javob: C) G. Leech and M. Short ✔ 24. The sentence «Flying planes can be dangerous» is A) unambiguous B) structurally (syntactically) ambiguous C) ungrammatical D) lexically ambiguous only To'g'ri javob: B) structurally (syntactically) ambiguous ✔ 25. “Weather permitting, we'll start at dawn.” The part “Weather permitting” is ___. A) an absolute construction B) a complex object C) an attributive clause D) a gerundial complex To'g'ri javob: A) an absolute construction ✔ 26. In “She gave him a book”, the word “him” is ___. A) a prepositional object B) an indirect object C) a direct object D) a subject To'g'ri javob: B) an indirect object ✔ 27. «The Rime of the Ancient Mariner» was written by A) William Wordsworth B) Percy Bysshe Shelley C) Samuel Taylor Coleridge D) Robert Southey To'g'ri javob: C) Samuel Taylor Coleridge ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 15 28. In “He spent a sleepless night”, the adjective “sleepless” is ___. A) an oxymoron B) a transferred epithet C) a metonymy D) a simile To'g'ri javob: B) a transferred epithet✔ 29. William Faulkner's fictional county is A) Yoknapatawpha B) Wessex C) Macondo D) Winesburg To'g'ri javob: A) Yoknapatawpha ✔ 30. In “I saw him cross the street”, the part “him cross the street” is ___. A) a complex subject B) an absolute construction C) a complex object D) a for-to-infinitive construction To'g'ri javob: C) a complex object ✔ 31. In “The key opened the door”, the subject “the key” has the semantic role of ___. A) Instrument B) Agent C) Experiencer D) Goal To'g'ri javob: A) Instrument ✔ 32. The use of words whose sound imitates the thing described (buzz, hiss, murmur) is ___. A) assonance B) onomatopoeia C) euphemism D) alliteration To'g'ri javob: B) onomatopoeia ✔ 33. Choose the correct sentence (present perfect with duration). A) She lives here for five years. B) She is living here since five years. C) She has lived here for five years. D) She has lived here since five years. To'g'ri javob: C) She has lived here for five years. ✔ 34. The phrase «the Lost Generation» is associated with writers such as A) Twain and Howells B) Hawthorne and Melville C) Hemingway and Fitzgerald D) Kerouac and Ginsberg To'g'ri javob: C) Hemingway and Fitzgerald ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 16 35. A morpheme is A) a sentence B) a word C) the smallest meaningful unit of language D) the smallest unit of sound To'g'ri javob: C) the smallest meaningful unit of language✔ 36. «In Memoriam A.H.H.» is an elegy by A) Thomas Hardy B) Matthew Arnold C) Alfred Tennyson D) Robert Browning To'g'ri javob: C) Alfred Tennyson ✔ 37. T. S. Eliot's «The Waste Land» (1922) is a landmark of A) Modernism B) Neoclassicism C) Romanticism D) Victorian realism To'g'ri javob: A) Modernism ✔ 38. Edmund Spenser's allegorical epic dedicated to Elizabeth I is A) «Paradise Lost» B) «The Faerie Queene» C) «Astrophel and Stella» D) «Tamburlaine» To'g'ri javob: B) «The Faerie Queene» ✔ 39. “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers” illustrates ___. A) alliteration B) rhyme C) assonance D) onomatopoeia To'g'ri javob: A) alliteration ✔ 40. The forms “go – went” and “good – better” are examples of ___. A) agglutination B) reduplication C) inner inflection D) suppletion To'g'ri javob: D) suppletion ✔ 41. The sentence «John stopped smoking» presupposes that A) John used to smoke B) John likes smoking C) John will smoke D) John never smoked To'g'ri javob: A) John used to smoke ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 17 42. Henry James is known for novels exploring A) the American frontier B) the Harlem Renaissance C) the encounter of Americans and Europeans D) naval warfare To'g'ri javob: C) the encounter of Americans and Europeans✔ 43. «Songs of Innocence and of Experience» is the work of A) Lord Byron B) John Keats C) Robert Burns D) William Blake To'g'ri javob: D) William Blake ✔ 44. Words like “quid” (a pound) and “dough” (money) are examples of ___. A) terms B) archaisms C) barbarisms D) slang To'g'ri javob: D) slang ✔ 45. The category of aspect in English is usually described as the opposition of ___. A) continuous and common forms B) active and passive forms C) past and present forms D) perfective and imperfective verbs To'g'ri javob: A) continuous and common forms ✔ 46. Relations between linguistic units in a linear sequence (in speech) are called ___. A) associative B) hierarchical C) paradigmatic D) syntagmatic To'g'ri javob: D) syntagmatic ✔ 47. The category of voice shows ___. A) the time of the action B) the action's relation to subject and object C) the speaker's attitude to reality D) the completeness of the action To'g'ri javob: B) the action's relation to subject and object ✔ 48. Which grammatical category is generally recognized for the English noun? A) aspect B) voice C) mood D) number To'g'ri javob: D) number ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 18 49. John Steinbeck's «The Grapes of Wrath» deals with A) the Gold Rush B) slavery in the South C) Dust Bowl migrants travelling to California D) New York high society To'g'ri javob: C) Dust Bowl migrants travelling to California✔ 50. The publication of «Lyrical Ballads» (1798) is often seen as the start of English Romanticism. Its authors were A) Byron and Shelley B) Wordsworth and Coleridge C) Blake and Burns D) Keats and Hunt To'g'ri javob: B) Wordsworth and Coleridge ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 19 3-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Aspirated [pʰ] in “pin” and unaspirated [p] in “spin” are allophones of /p/ that stand in ___. A) phonemic contrast B) complementary distribution C) contrastive distribution D) free variation To'g'ri javob: B) complementary distribution✔ 2. Read the text: «“I'll believe it when I see it,” said Grandpa when told that robots would one day cook dinner.» Grandpa's attitude was ___. A) enthusiastic B) sceptical C) frightened D) envious To'g'ri javob: B) sceptical ✔ 3. A translator renders «the White House said» as «the US administration said». This shift is based on A) a false friend B) a calque C) metonymy D) transliteration To'g'ri javob: C) metonymy ✔ 4. Read the text: «In many countries, the number of people working from home has grown considerably. Companies save on office costs, while employees save time on commuting.» According to the text, what do employees save? A) money on food B) taxes C) money on office rent D) commuting time To'g'ri javob: D) commuting time ✔ 5. A minimal pair is A) two synonyms B) two words that differ in only one sound C) a word and its translation D) a phrasal verb and its object To'g'ri javob: B) two words that differ in only one sound ✔ 6. The conventional date for the beginning of the Old English period is usually given as around A) AD 449 B) AD 43 C) AD 1066 D) AD 878 To'g'ri javob: A) AD 449 ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 20 7. Back-translation is used to A) localize software B) train simultaneous interpreters C) produce a final literary version D) check the accuracy of a translation by translating it back into the source language To'g'ri javob: D) check the accuracy of a translation by translating it back into the source language✔ 8. Read the text: «Built in the 15th century, Ulugh Beg's observatory in Samarkand was one of the most important astronomical centres of its time.» What is the text about? A) the architecture of mosques B) a modern university in Samarkand C) a historic scientific institution D) the life of a famous poet To'g'ri javob: C) a historic scientific institution ✔ 9. The sounds /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ are ___. A) lateral approximants B) nasals C) affricates D) fricatives To'g'ri javob: C) affricates ✔ 10. Which group consists only of alveolar consonants? A) /k, g, ŋ/ B) /p, b, m/ C) /t, d, n/ D) /f, v, θ/ To'g'ri javob: C) /t, d, n/ ✔ 11. The sound /w/ is classified as ___. A) a glottal fricative B) a labiodental fricative C) a labial-velar approximant D) a bilabial plosive To'g'ri javob: C) a labial-velar approximant ✔ 12. Read the text: «Regular exercise strengthens the heart, improves mood and helps control weight. Even a 30-minute walk a day can make a difference.» What is the main idea? A) people should exercise for several hours a day B) regular exercise has many health benefits C) exercise is dangerous for the heart D) walking is the only useful exercise To'g'ri javob: B) regular exercise has many health benefits ✔ 13. In which word is the past tense ending pronounced /ɪd/? A) wanted B) played C) watched D) stopped To'g'ri javob: A) wanted ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 21 14. Read the text: «Coffee contains caffeine, a stimulant that can improve concentration. However, drinking too much may cause sleeplessness and anxiety.» What is the author's view of coffee? A) it should be banned B) it has benefits and risks C) it is completely harmful D) it has no effect on the body To'g'ri javob: B) it has benefits and risks✔ 15. Read the text: «The printer on the second floor is out of order. Please use the one in the library until further notice.» What should staff do? A) buy a new printer B) repair the printer themselves C) stop printing documents D) use the library printer for now To'g'ri javob: D) use the library printer for now ✔ 16. A student pronounces “ship” and “sheep” identically. Which phonemic contrast has he failed to make? A) /ʃ/ – /s/ B) /ʊ/ – /uː/ C) /ɪ/ – /iː/ D) /e/ – /æ/ To'g'ri javob: C) /ɪ/ – /iː/ ✔ 17. The process approach to writing focuses on A) stages such as planning, drafting, revising and editing B) copying model texts C) dictation D) the final product only To'g'ri javob: A) stages such as planning, drafting, revising and editing ✔ 18. Total Physical Response (TPR) was developed by A) James Asher B) Charles Curran C) Georgi Lozanov D) Caleb Gattegno To'g'ri javob: A) James Asher ✔ 19. Translating the English «you» into Uzbek requires choosing between «sen» and «siz». This illustrates A) a false friend B) a grammatical/pragmatic category difference between languages C) transliteration D) a calque To'g'ri javob: B) a grammatical/pragmatic category difference between languages ✔ 20. “Ten boys” pronounced /tem bɔɪz/ is an example of ___. A) progressive assimilation of voicing B) elision C) regressive assimilation of place D) coalescent assimilation To'g'ri javob: C) regressive assimilation of place ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 22 21. Rendering English «skyscraper» as French «gratte-ciel» is an example of A) modulation B) calque C) borrowing D) equivalence To'g'ri javob: B) calque✔ 22. A glossary or termbase in CAT tools is used to A) ensure consistent terminology B) check spelling only C) store audio D) translate automatically without humans To'g'ri javob: A) ensure consistent terminology ✔ 23. CLIL stands for A) Content and Language Integrated Learning B) Cognitive Language Input Learning C) Core Literacy in Languages D) Communicative Language Instruction Level To'g'ri javob: A) Content and Language Integrated Learning ✔ 24. «Eliciting» refers to A) giving a test B) assigning homework C) drawing information or language from learners rather than telling them D) correcting errors in writing To'g'ri javob: C) drawing information or language from learners rather than telling them ✔ 25. During a fluency-focused discussion, the most appropriate way to handle errors is usually to A) interrupt at each error B) ignore all errors permanently C) note errors and give delayed feedback afterwards D) stop the activity and test grammar To'g'ri javob: C) note errors and give delayed feedback afterwards ✔ 26. A learner studying English only to get a job promotion shows mainly A) instrumental motivation B) intrinsic motivation C) amotivation D) integrative motivation To'g'ri javob: A) instrumental motivation ✔ 27. Read the text: «Many students find it helpful to review new vocabulary several times over a few days rather than trying to memorize it all at once.» What learning strategy does the text recommend? A) spaced repetition over several days B) memorizing everything in one session C) learning words only from context D) avoiding vocabulary review To'g'ri javob: A) spaced repetition over several days ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 23 28. Read the text: «The museum will be closed on Monday for maintenance. Visitors who have already bought tickets for that day may use them on any other day within the next month.» What can ticket holders for Monday do? A) exchange their tickets for a guided tour B) get a full refund at the entrance C) use their tickets on another day within a month D) visit the museum on Monday afternoon To'g'ri javob: C) use their tickets on another day within a month✔ 29. Read the text: «Silk was first produced in ancient China, and for centuries its production was kept secret. The trade routes that carried it west became known as the Silk Road.» Why were the trade routes called the Silk Road? A) because they were built by silk makers B) because silk was cheap there C) because they were covered with silk D) because silk was carried along them To'g'ri javob: D) because silk was carried along them ✔ 30. A learner writes «goed» and «childs». This error is best explained as A) fossilization B) a slip of the tongue C) L1 transfer D) overgeneralization of a rule To'g'ri javob: D) overgeneralization of a rule ✔ 31. Whispered interpreting is also called A) liaison B) relay C) sight translation D) chuchotage To'g'ri javob: D) chuchotage ✔ 32. In translating English passive constructions into Uzbek, translators often A) may use active or impersonal constructions where more natural B) use English word order C) always keep the passive D) omit the verb To'g'ri javob: A) may use active or impersonal constructions where more natural ✔ 33. Corder distinguished «errors» from «mistakes»: mistakes are A) performance slips the learner can self-correct B) systematic gaps in competence C) pronunciation problems D) L1 interference only To'g'ri javob: A) performance slips the learner can self-correct ✔ 34. A phoneme is best defined as ___. A) the smallest sound unit that distinguishes meaning B) any sound produced by the speech organs C) the smallest meaningful unit of language D) a letter of the alphabet To'g'ri javob: A) the smallest sound unit that distinguishes meaning ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 24 35. Read the text: «The library offers free English conversation clubs every Wednesday evening. No registration is necessary; just come along.» What do people need to do to join the club? A) register online in advance B) simply come on Wednesday evening C) pay a small fee D) pass an entry test To'g'ri javob: B) simply come on Wednesday evening✔ 36. Omission in translation is justified when A) the information is redundant or unnatural in the target language B) the translator does not understand the text C) the client is not checking D) the text is long To'g'ri javob: A) the information is redundant or unnatural in the target language ✔ 37. Read the text: «The shop's slogan is “Quality at a price you can afford”.» What does the shop want to emphasize? A) the shop's long history B) good products at reasonable prices C) luxury goods for rich clients D) free delivery To'g'ri javob: B) good products at reasonable prices ✔ 38. In RP, “dark l” [ɫ] typically occurs ___. A) before consonants and at the end of words B) only before front vowels C) only at the beginning of words D) between two vowels only To'g'ri javob: A) before consonants and at the end of words ✔ 39. Consecutive interpreting means that the interpreter A) translates written texts B) speaks at the same time as the speaker C) whispers to one listener only during speech D) speaks after the speaker pauses To'g'ri javob: D) speaks after the speaker pauses ✔ 40. Which English consonant never occurs at the beginning of a word? A) /θ/ B) /ʃ/ C) /w/ D) /ŋ/ To'g'ri javob: D) /ŋ/ ✔ 41. Read the text: «Owls hunt mainly at night. Their large eyes and excellent hearing help them catch mice in near darkness.» Owls are therefore described as ___. A) nocturnal hunters B) migrating birds C) daytime hunters D) plant eaters To'g'ri javob: A) nocturnal hunters ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 25 42. A pre-listening activity is mainly intended to A) replace the listening itself B) correct pronunciation errors C) test learners' listening D) activate schema and prepare learners for the text To'g'ri javob: D) activate schema and prepare learners for the text✔ 43. Selinker's term «interlanguage» refers to A) the teacher's simplified speech B) a mix of two native languages C) a pidgin language D) a learner's evolving language system between L1 and L2 To'g'ri javob: D) a learner's evolving language system between L1 and L2 ✔ 44. English rhythm is usually described as ___. A) tone-timed B) syllable-timed C) mora-timed D) stress-timed To'g'ri javob: D) stress-timed ✔ 45. In English, three-consonant syllable onsets (as in “spring”, “street”) must begin with ___. A) /p/ B) /r/ C) /t/ D) /s/ To'g'ri javob: D) /s/ ✔ 46. Post-editing refers to A) editing a source text before translation B) formatting documents C) revising machine translation output D) writing a translator's preface To'g'ri javob: C) revising machine translation output ✔ 47. A teacher presents «used to» and asks: «Does he smoke now?» This question is an example of A) a concept checking question B) a referential question C) a display drill D) an instruction checking question To'g'ri javob: A) a concept checking question ✔ 48. Gile's Effort Model is a model of A) literary translation B) machine translation C) interpreting cognitive load D) localization To'g'ri javob: C) interpreting cognitive load ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 26 49. Adaptation, as a translation procedure, is used when A) the text is technical B) words have exact equivalents C) the translator wants to preserve syntax D) the source situation does not exist or is unfamiliar in the target culture To'g'ri javob: D) the source situation does not exist or is unfamiliar in the target culture✔ 50. A rising nuclear tone is most typical of ___. A) commands B) categorical statements C) general (yes/no) questions D) wh-questions spoken neutrally To'g'ri javob: C) general (yes/no) questions ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 27 4-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Practicality of a test concerns A) the resources, time and cost needed to design and administer it B) inter-rater agreement C) its predictive power D) its theoretical construct To'g'ri javob: A) the resources, time and cost needed to design and administer it✔ 2. The word “smog” (smoke + fog) was formed by ___. A) back-formation B) acronymy C) clipping D) blending To'g'ri javob: D) blending ✔ 3. In «Mary bought a car. She loves it.», «she» and «it» are examples of A) ellipsis B) lexical cohesion C) anaphoric reference D) cataphoric reference To'g'ri javob: C) anaphoric reference ✔ 4. A dictionary in which words are arranged according to ideas or concepts, like Roget's, is ___. A) an etymological dictionary B) a pronouncing dictionary C) a frequency dictionary D) a thesaurus To'g'ri javob: D) a thesaurus ✔ 5. The theme–rheme structure of a clause relates to A) spelling patterns B) the phonological structure C) the given and new information arrangement in a clause D) politeness strategies To'g'ri javob: C) the given and new information arrangement in a clause ✔ 6. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home.» A) If B) will rain C) tomorrow D) will stay To'g'ri javob: B) will rain ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 28 7. To increase reliability of essay scoring, it is best to A) use one untrained rater B) shorten the essay to one sentence C) allow unlimited time D) use clear rating scales and trained multiple raters To'g'ri javob: D) use clear rating scales and trained multiple raters✔ 8. Choose the correct sentence (wishes about the past). A) I wish I would know about the problem earlier last week. B) I wish I had known about the problem earlier. C) I wish I knew about the problem earlier yesterday. D) I wish I have known about the problem earlier. To'g'ri javob: B) I wish I had known about the problem earlier. ✔ 9. A reference list in APA style is arranged A) by order of appearance in the text B) by journal title C) alphabetically by the first author's surname D) by year of publication To'g'ri javob: C) alphabetically by the first author's surname ✔ 10. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «He let me to use his computer.» A) to use B) let C) his computer D) me To'g'ri javob: A) to use ✔ 11. Bachman and Palmer's notion of «authenticity» refers to A) the correspondence between test tasks and target language use tasks B) the use of native speaker raters only C) the test-taker's honesty D) the originality of test items To'g'ri javob: A) the correspondence between test tasks and target language use tasks ✔ 12. A summary differs from a paraphrase in that a summary A) copies the original exactly B) does not require citation C) is usually longer than the original D) condenses the main ideas of a longer text To'g'ri javob: D) condenses the main ideas of a longer text ✔ 13. “Bank” (of a river) and “bank” (financial institution), identical in sound and spelling, are ___. A) synonyms B) homographs only C) homonyms proper D) homophones only To'g'ri javob: C) homonyms proper ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 29 14. The IMRaD structure of a research article stands for A) Ideas, Materials, Reasoning, and Data B) Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion C) Introduction, Main body, Review, and Debate D) Index, Methods, References, and Data To'g'ri javob: B) Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion✔ 15. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «He has went to London twice this year.» A) to London B) went C) has D) twice To'g'ri javob: B) went ✔ 16. The word “cuckoo” is motivated ___. A) semantically B) morphologically C) phonetically D) etymologically only To'g'ri javob: C) phonetically ✔ 17. Academic vocabulary lists such as Coxhead's Academic Word List (AWL) contain A) literary archaisms B) words common across academic disciplines C) slang words D) only technical medical terms To'g'ri javob: B) words common across academic disciplines ✔ 18. Choose the correct sentence (non-defining relative clauses). A) The book, which I bought yesterday, is excellent. B) The book, who I bought yesterday, is excellent. C) The book, what I bought yesterday, is excellent. D) The book, that I bought yesterday, is excellent. To'g'ri javob: A) The book, which I bought yesterday, is excellent. ✔ 19. A «genre» in Swales's sense is A) a type of font B) a class of communicative events with shared communicative purposes C) a grammar category D) a dialect To'g'ri javob: B) a class of communicative events with shared communicative purposes ✔ 20. A literature review is primarily intended to A) list every source the author read B) report personal opinions only C) present new data D) synthesize and critically evaluate previous research relevant to the study To'g'ri javob: D) synthesize and critically evaluate previous research relevant to the study ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 30 21. Cronbach's alpha is a measure of A) internal consistency reliability B) face validity C) predictive validity D) item difficulty To'g'ri javob: A) internal consistency reliability✔ 22. The verb “to edit”, formed from the earlier noun “editor”, illustrates ___. A) back-formation B) blending C) suffixation D) conversion To'g'ri javob: A) back-formation ✔ 23. The expression “the foot of the mountain” is based on a semantic transfer by ___. A) narrowing B) contiguity (metonymy) C) similarity (metaphor) D) amelioration To'g'ri javob: C) similarity (metaphor) ✔ 24. Synonyms that differ in shades of meaning, such as “look – glance – stare”, are called ___. A) paronyms B) absolute synonyms C) stylistic synonyms D) ideographic synonyms To'g'ri javob: D) ideographic synonyms ✔ 25. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «I have been knowing her for ten years.» A) for B) ten years C) her D) have been knowing To'g'ri javob: D) have been knowing ✔ 26. Parallel structure requires A) repeating the thesis in every paragraph B) using only simple sentences C) items in a list or comparison to have the same grammatical form D) all sentences to be the same length To'g'ri javob: C) items in a list or comparison to have the same grammatical form ✔ 27. Primary sources are A) review articles only B) original materials or first-hand data C) encyclopedias D) textbooks summarizing other research To'g'ri javob: B) original materials or first-hand data ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 31 28. A rubric is A) a reading passage B) a type of multiple-choice item C) a set of scoring criteria describing levels of performance D) a statistical test To'g'ri javob: C) a set of scoring criteria describing levels of performance✔ 29. A student wrote: «The weather was so nice day that we went to the beach.» Correct the sentence. A) It was such a nice day that we went to the beach. B) It was so a nice day that we went to the beach. C) It was a so nice day that we went to the beach. D) It was such nice day that we went to the beach. To'g'ri javob: A) It was such a nice day that we went to the beach. ✔ 30. Which word is an example of initial clipping (the beginning of the word is cut off)? A) lab (laboratory) B) phone (telephone) C) exam (examination) D) doc (doctor) To'g'ri javob: B) phone (telephone) ✔ 31. Item facility (difficulty index) is calculated as A) the proportion of test-takers who answer the item correctly B) the number of distractors C) the correlation between items D) the time taken to answer To'g'ri javob: A) the proportion of test-takers who answer the item correctly ✔ 32. Which is an example of a signposting expression? A) «This section will first examine...» B) «ibid.» C) «p. 23» D) «et al.» To'g'ri javob: A) «This section will first examine...» ✔ 33. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «My sister is a doctor and she works in the hospital in Samarkand since three years.» A) in Samarkand B) since C) is D) a doctor To'g'ri javob: B) since ✔ 34. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «The man which lives next door is a pilot.» A) which B) lives C) next door D) a pilot To'g'ri javob: A) which ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 32 35. Predictive validity refers to A) how well test scores forecast future performance B) how the test looks C) the test's content coverage D) agreement between raters To'g'ri javob: A) how well test scores forecast future performance✔ 36. A test where most students score very low produces a distribution that is A) bimodal B) positively skewed C) negatively skewed D) normal To'g'ri javob: B) positively skewed ✔ 37. Reliability refers to A) the relevance of test content B) the consistency of test results across administrations or raters C) the test's influence on teaching D) the cost of a test To'g'ri javob: B) the consistency of test results across administrations or raters ✔ 38. The incorrect options in a multiple-choice item are called A) stems B) distractors C) keys D) prompts To'g'ri javob: B) distractors ✔ 39. A student wrote: «I have bought a new car last month.» Correct the sentence. A) I was bought a new car last month. B) I bought a new car last month. C) I had bought a new car last month ago. D) I have buyed a new car last month. To'g'ri javob: B) I bought a new car last month. ✔ 40. Which task best assesses learners' ability to write a formal complaint letter directly? A) Multiple-choice on vocabulary B) A gap-fill on prepositions C) Reading aloud a model letter D) Writing a complaint letter in response to a prompt To'g'ri javob: D) Writing a complaint letter in response to a prompt ✔ 41. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «The number of students have increased this year.» A) this year B) of students C) The number D) have To'g'ri javob: D) have ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 33 42. A question followed by an answer, or a greeting followed by a greeting, is called A) a hedge B) an adjacency pair C) a move D) a cohesive tie To'g'ri javob: B) an adjacency pair✔ 43. The prefix “mis-” in “misunderstand”, “miscalculate” means ___. A) wrongly B) not C) again D) before To'g'ri javob: A) wrongly ✔ 44. Inter-rater reliability refers to A) consistency of one rater over time B) agreement between different raters scoring the same performance C) internal consistency of items D) consistency between two test forms To'g'ri javob: B) agreement between different raters scoring the same performance ✔ 45. The use of “to pass away” instead of “to die” is an example of ___. A) a dysphemism B) a neologism C) a euphemism D) an archaism To'g'ri javob: C) a euphemism ✔ 46. Which of the following words is a hybrid (elements from different languages)? A) childhood B) kingdom C) freedom D) beautiful To'g'ri javob: D) beautiful ✔ 47. «Wuthering Heights» is set mainly on A) the Yorkshire moors B) the Lake District C) the streets of London D) the Scottish Highlands To'g'ri javob: A) the Yorkshire moors ✔ 48. The word “blackboard” was formed by ___. A) clipping B) compounding C) conversion D) blending To'g'ri javob: B) compounding ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 34 49. “Knight” originally meant “a boy, a servant” and later “a noble warrior”. This is ___. A) metaphorical transfer B) amelioration of meaning C) pejoration of meaning D) narrowing of meaning To'g'ri javob: B) amelioration of meaning✔ 50. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «I have seen him yesterday at the library.» A) have seen B) him C) at the library D) yesterday To'g'ri javob: A) have seen ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 35 5-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. The runic alphabet used by early Anglo-Saxons is known as A) the futhorc B) the Glagolitic script C) Insular minuscule D) ogham To'g'ri javob: A) the futhorc✔ 2. The civil rights leader who delivered the «I Have a Dream» speech in 1963 was A) Frederick Douglass B) Malcolm X C) Rosa Parks D) Martin Luther King Jr. To'g'ri javob: D) Martin Luther King Jr. ✔ 3. The longest river in the United Kingdom is A) the Thames B) the Trent C) the Severn D) the Clyde To'g'ri javob: C) the Severn ✔ 4. She has been working at this school ___ 2015. A) during B) for C) since D) from To'g'ri javob: C) since ✔ 5. Old English nouns were inflected for how many cases (in the main paradigm)? A) Two B) Four C) Six D) Three To'g'ri javob: B) Four ✔ 6. The UK general elections use which electoral system for the House of Commons? A) two-round system B) first-past-the-post C) single transferable vote D) proportional representation To'g'ri javob: B) first-past-the-post ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 36 7. Thanksgiving in the United States is celebrated on A) the fourth Thursday of November B) the first Monday of September C) 4 July D) the last Monday of May To'g'ri javob: A) the fourth Thursday of November✔ 8. “Don't let the cat out of the bag” means ___. A) don't reveal the secret B) don't lose your temper C) don't give up hope D) don't waste money To'g'ri javob: A) don't reveal the secret ✔ 9. She ___ all her lectures regularly and never misses a class. A) visits B) frequents to C) attends D) assists To'g'ri javob: C) attends ✔ 10. Inkhorn terms were A) Celtic loanwords B) learned Latinate borrowings of the 16th century criticized as pedantic C) vulgar slang words D) Scandinavian place names To'g'ri javob: B) learned Latinate borrowings of the 16th century criticized as pedantic ✔ 11. Strong verbs such as «sing – sang – sung» form their past tense by A) adding a dental suffix B) suppletion C) ablaut (vowel gradation) D) reduplication only To'g'ri javob: C) ablaut (vowel gradation) ✔ 12. The official residence of the UK Prime Minister is A) 10 Downing Street B) Buckingham Palace C) Westminster Abbey D) Chequers Palace To'g'ri javob: A) 10 Downing Street ✔ 13. A student says: “I am knowing the answer.” Which form should replace “am knowing”? A) have known B) knew C) am known D) know To'g'ri javob: D) know ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 37 14. He ___ smoking last year on his doctor's advice. A) gave out B) gave up C) gave in D) gave away To'g'ri javob: B) gave up✔ 15. Very ___ people attended the lecture, so it was cancelled. A) a few B) little C) a little D) few To'g'ri javob: D) few ✔ 16. A student notices pairs like «shirt/skirt» and «ditch/dike». The best historical explanation is that A) they arose through the Great Vowel Shift B) one word is native English and its doublet is a Scandinavian cognate C) one word in each pair is French, the other Latin D) both words come from Celtic To'g'ri javob: B) one word is native English and its doublet is a Scandinavian cognate ✔ 17. Remember ___ the lights off before you leave the office. A) turn B) to turn C) turning D) having turned To'g'ri javob: B) to turn ✔ 18. Lying is against my ___. A) principles B) principalities C) principals D) principias To'g'ri javob: A) principles ✔ 19. I'm afraid I have to ___ with you on this point. (AGREE) A) disagree B) misagree C) inagree D) unagree To'g'ri javob: A) disagree ✔ 20. The pairs «ox/beef», «sheep/mutton», «swine/pork» are usually explained by A) the native word naming the live animal and the French word naming the meat served to Norman lords B) Latin learned borrowings during the Renaissance C) the Viking influence on farming D) the Great Vowel Shift To'g'ri javob: A) the native word naming the live animal and the French word naming the meat ✔ served to Norman lords Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 38 21. I don't mind ___ late if the project requires it. A) to be worked B) working C) to work D) work To'g'ri javob: B) working✔ 22. The Spanish Armada was defeated during the reign of A) Victoria B) Elizabeth I C) James I D) Henry VIII To'g'ri javob: B) Elizabeth I ✔ 23. Smoking can seriously ___ your health. A) affect B) afflict to C) effect D) infect To'g'ri javob: A) affect ✔ 24. The Declaration of Independence was adopted on A) 17 September 1787 B) 4 July 1776 C) 1 January 1800 D) 4 July 1787 To'g'ri javob: B) 4 July 1776 ✔ 25. Robert Cawdrey's «A Table Alphabeticall» (1604) is notable as A) the first English grammar B) the first monolingual English dictionary C) a treatise on spelling reform D) a Bible translation To'g'ri javob: B) the first monolingual English dictionary ✔ 26. Paper, envelopes and pens are sold in the ___ department. A) stationary B) stationer C) station D) stationery To'g'ri javob: D) stationery ✔ 27. The American Civil War took place between A) 1861 and 1865 B) 1812 and 1815 C) 1914 and 1918 D) 1775 and 1783 To'g'ri javob: A) 1861 and 1865 ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 39 28. In a text you read: «He spake unto them, saying, Knowest thou not...». Which feature here is characteristic of Early Modern English rather than Present-Day English? A) Use of the comma B) Inversion in questions without do-support C) SVO word order D) Use of the definite article To'g'ri javob: B) Inversion in questions without do-support✔ 29. Spellings such as «color», «center» and «theater» in American English are largely associated with A) Noah Webster B) Thomas Jefferson C) Samuel Johnson D) William Caxton To'g'ri javob: A) Noah Webster ✔ 30. The Prime Minister in the UK is normally A) directly elected by the people B) chosen by the House of Lords C) the leader of the party that can command a majority in the House of Commons D) appointed for life To'g'ri javob: C) the leader of the party that can command a majority in the House of Commons ✔ 31. My brother, ___ lives in Paris, is a professional chef. A) whom B) which C) that D) who To'g'ri javob: D) who ✔ 32. She is very ___ and gets upset when anyone criticizes her work. A) sensitive B) sensational C) sensory D) sensible To'g'ri javob: A) sensitive ✔ 33. The English adjective “accurate” means ___. A) punctual B) correct and exact C) polite and kind D) neat and tidy To'g'ri javob: B) correct and exact ✔ 34. The capital of Scotland is A) Glasgow B) Edinburgh C) Dundee D) Aberdeen To'g'ri javob: B) Edinburgh ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 40 35. Each of the candidates ___ given a separate interview yesterday. A) have been B) was C) were D) are To'g'ri javob: B) was✔ 36. Please ___ me to phone the dentist tomorrow. A) remind B) recall C) remember D) memorize To'g'ri javob: A) remind ✔ 37. The Ivy League is A) a sports league of state universities B) a federal education agency C) a group of community colleges D) a group of eight prestigious private universities in the northeastern US To'g'ri javob: D) a group of eight prestigious private universities in the northeastern US ✔ 38. Which event in 1204 is often cited as weakening the ties of the English nobility with Normandy? A) The Peasants' Revolt B) The Hundred Years' War ending C) The loss of Normandy by King John D) The Magna Carta To'g'ri javob: C) The loss of Normandy by King John ✔ 39. The teacher made me ___ the whole essay again. A) rewriting B) rewrite C) to rewrite D) rewritten To'g'ri javob: B) rewrite ✔ 40. There isn't ___ milk left in the fridge; we need to buy some. A) few B) much C) many D) a few To'g'ri javob: B) much ✔ 41. My passport ___ while I was on holiday in Italy. A) was stealing B) has stolen C) was stolen D) stole To'g'ri javob: C) was stolen ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 41 42. The Battle of Hastings took place in A) 1066 B) 1215 C) 1588 D) 1415 To'g'ri javob: A) 1066✔ 43. Choose the correct collective noun: “a ___ of sheep”. A) school B) swarm C) flock D) pack To'g'ri javob: C) flock ✔ 44. He ___ me that he was leaving the company. A) spoke B) talked C) told D) said To'g'ri javob: C) told ✔ 45. Choose the correct article: “___ Nile flows through several African countries.” A) The B) An C) A D) no article To'g'ri javob: A) The ✔ 46. In Early Modern English, «thou» was typically used A) to address intimates, inferiors, or God B) as a plural pronoun C) only in formal written documents D) only by the aristocracy to each other To'g'ri javob: A) to address intimates, inferiors, or God ✔ 47. The children were ___ tired to walk any further. A) so B) enough C) too D) such To'g'ri javob: C) too ✔ 48. She ___ the job offer because the salary was too low. A) turned into B) turned down C) turned up D) turned over To'g'ri javob: B) turned down ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 42 49. In Task-Based Language Teaching, a «task» is primarily A) a translation of sentences B) a grammar exercise with a single correct form C) an activity focused on meaning with a non-linguistic outcome D) a vocabulary list to memorize To'g'ri javob: C) an activity focused on meaning with a non-linguistic outcome✔ 50. According to Grimm's Law, PIE *p corresponds to which Germanic sound, as seen in Latin «pater» vs English «father»? A) /f/ B) /h/ C) /b/ D) /v/ To'g'ri javob: A) /f/ ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 43 6-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Gerard Manley Hopkins is associated with the metrical innovation called A) alexandrine B) blank verse C) sprung rhythm D) free verse To'g'ri javob: C) sprung rhythm✔ 2. “The Child is father of the Man” (W. Wordsworth) is an example of ___. A) paradox B) simile C) metonymy D) periphrasis To'g'ri javob: A) paradox ✔ 3. Foreign words not assimilated in English, such as “bon mot” or “en passant”, are called by Galperin ___. A) neologisms B) archaisms C) vulgarisms D) barbarisms To'g'ri javob: D) barbarisms ✔ 4. Which of the following is a bound morpheme? A) -ness B) book C) green D) run To'g'ri javob: A) -ness ✔ 5. According to L. Bloomfield, an endocentric construction is one that ___. A) consists of function words only B) cannot be divided into constituents C) has the same distribution as one of its constituents D) has a distribution different from all of its constituents To'g'ri javob: C) has the same distribution as one of its constituents ✔ 6. Samuel Richardson's «Pamela» is significant as an early example of A) the detective story B) the epistolary novel C) the historical novel D) the stream-of-consciousness novel To'g'ri javob: B) the epistolary novel ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 44 7. Assimilation in phonetics is A) the reversal of two sounds B) the insertion of a vowel C) the loss of a sound D) a process in which a sound becomes more like a neighbouring sound To'g'ri javob: D) a process in which a sound becomes more like a neighbouring sound✔ 8. Morphologically, Turkish and Uzbek are typically classified as A) isolating languages B) polysynthetic languages C) fusional languages D) agglutinative languages To'g'ri javob: D) agglutinative languages ✔ 9. Which branch of linguistics studies expressive means, stylistic devices and functional styles? A) lexicography B) phonology C) morphology D) stylistics To'g'ri javob: D) stylistics ✔ 10. A teacher designs a speaking test but students only read aloud a text. The main problem is A) low practicality B) low reliability C) low construct validity for testing speaking ability D) high washback To'g'ri javob: C) low construct validity for testing speaking ability ✔ 11. Christopher Marlowe is the author of A) «Doctor Faustus» B) «The Spanish Tragedy» C) «The Alchemist» D) «Volpone» To'g'ri javob: A) «Doctor Faustus» ✔ 12. The non-finite forms (verbals) of the English verb are ___. A) the infinitive, gerund and participles B) the subjunctive and the conditional C) modal and auxiliary verbs D) the infinitive and the imperative To'g'ri javob: A) the infinitive, gerund and participles ✔ 13. A pidgin is A) a simplified contact language with no native speakers B) a native language of a community C) a standard variety D) a dialect of English To'g'ri javob: A) a simplified contact language with no native speakers ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 45 14. An epithet is ___. A) a word borrowed from another language B) an attribute expressing subjective evaluation C) a word used in its direct dictionary meaning only D) a repetition of initial sounds To'g'ri javob: B) an attribute expressing subjective evaluation✔ 15. Wordsworth defined poetry as A) «a criticism of life» B) «the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings» C) «emotion recollected in excess» D) «the best words in the best order» To'g'ri javob: B) «the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings» ✔ 16. The system of all grammatical forms of a word is called its ___. A) distribution B) syntagm C) valency D) paradigm To'g'ri javob: D) paradigm ✔ 17. The name “Mr. Know-All”, used as a proper name to characterize a person, is an example of ___. A) metonymy B) allusion C) oxymoron D) antonomasia To'g'ri javob: D) antonomasia ✔ 18. When someone says «Can you pass the salt?» meaning a request, this is A) an indirect speech act B) a presupposition C) a direct speech act D) a locutionary failure To'g'ri javob: A) an indirect speech act ✔ 19. Saussure's distinction between synchronic and diachronic linguistics concerns A) phonology vs syntax B) the study of language at one point in time vs over time C) spoken vs written language D) first vs second language To'g'ri javob: B) the study of language at one point in time vs over time ✔ 20. Which part of speech is traditionally characterized by the categories of degree of comparison? A) adjective B) preposition C) pronoun D) noun To'g'ri javob: A) adjective ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 46 21. Samuel Beckett's «Waiting for Godot» is a key work of A) kitchen-sink realism B) Restoration comedy C) the Theatre of the Absurd D) Elizabethan revenge tragedy To'g'ri javob: C) the Theatre of the Absurd✔ 22. Allophones are A) variant realizations of the same phoneme B) words with the same pronunciation C) letters representing the same sound D) different phonemes in a language To'g'ri javob: A) variant realizations of the same phoneme ✔ 23. A rhyme scheme “abba” is called ___. A) framing rhyme B) alternate rhyme C) couplet rhyme D) triple rhyme To'g'ri javob: A) framing rhyme ✔ 24. In Modern English, a regular synthetic marker of person in the verb appears only in ___. A) the third person singular of the present simple B) the second person of the imperative C) the first person plural of the past simple D) all persons of the future tense To'g'ri javob: A) the third person singular of the present simple ✔ 25. Joseph Conrad's «Heart of Darkness» is set largely along A) the Congo River B) the Ganges C) the Thames only D) the Mississippi To'g'ri javob: A) the Congo River ✔ 26. The Harlem Renaissance is associated with the poet A) Wallace Stevens B) Robert Frost C) Ezra Pound D) Langston Hughes To'g'ri javob: D) Langston Hughes ✔ 27. Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau are leading figures of A) Imagism B) Naturalism C) the Harlem Renaissance D) Transcendentalism To'g'ri javob: D) Transcendentalism ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 47 28. “The fair sex” used to mean “women” is an example of ___. A) periphrasis B) oxymoron C) zeugma D) litotes To'g'ri javob: A) periphrasis✔ 29. Nouns such as “milk”, “furniture” and “advice”, used only in the singular, are called ___. A) singularia tantum B) pluralia tantum C) nouns of multitude D) proper nouns To'g'ri javob: A) singularia tantum ✔ 30. Making certain linguistic features stand out against the background of the norm is called ___. A) neutralization B) backgrounding C) foregrounding D) nominalization To'g'ri javob: C) foregrounding ✔ 31. A play on words based on polysemy or homonymy is called ___. A) a pun B) an epithet C) a simile D) an allusion To'g'ri javob: A) a pun ✔ 32. “The wind whispered through the trees.” The stylistic device used here is ___. A) litotes B) personification C) pun D) simile To'g'ri javob: B) personification ✔ 33. Grice's Cooperative Principle includes the maxims of quantity, quality, relation and A) manner B) relevance theory C) politeness D) coherence To'g'ri javob: A) manner ✔ 34. The «Byronic hero» is typically A) a modest, pious figure B) a brooding, rebellious, passionate outsider C) a comic servant D) a rational philosopher To'g'ri javob: B) a brooding, rebellious, passionate outsider ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 48 35. A: «Are you coming to the party?» B: «I have an exam tomorrow.» B's implied meaning is A) a conversational implicature B) a presupposition C) an entailment D) a deixis To'g'ri javob: A) a conversational implicature✔ 36. Thomas Hardy's novels are mostly set in the fictional region of A) Middlemarch B) Barsetshire C) Wessex D) Yoknapatawpha To'g'ri javob: C) Wessex ✔ 37. The smallest meaningful unit of language is called a ___. A) phoneme B) morpheme C) grapheme D) syllable To'g'ri javob: B) morpheme ✔ 38. The Sapir–Whorf hypothesis claims that A) language is innate B) language influences or determines thought C) thought precedes language completely D) all languages share a universal grammar To'g'ri javob: B) language influences or determines thought ✔ 39. In “What he said was true”, the clause “What he said” is ___. A) an attributive clause B) an object clause C) a subject clause D) a predicative clause To'g'ri javob: C) a subject clause ✔ 40. “Syntactic Structures” (1957), which laid the foundation of transformational-generative grammar, was written by ___. A) Otto Jespersen B) Noam Chomsky C) Leonard Bloomfield D) Charles Fries To'g'ri javob: B) Noam Chomsky ✔ 41. Oscar Wilde's «The Importance of Being Earnest» is A) a problem play about industrial labour B) a comedy of manners C) a Gothic novel D) a tragedy in blank verse To'g'ri javob: B) a comedy of manners ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 49 42. «Alive» and «dead» are A) converses B) complementary antonyms C) gradable antonyms D) synonyms To'g'ri javob: B) complementary antonyms✔ 43. Saying “not bad” to mean “quite good” is an example of ___. A) zeugma B) oxymoron C) hyperbole D) litotes To'g'ri javob: D) litotes ✔ 44. In “The trouble is that we have no money”, the clause “that we have no money” is ___. A) a predicative clause B) an object clause C) a subject clause D) an adverbial clause To'g'ri javob: A) a predicative clause ✔ 45. The deliberate repetition of conjunctions (“and ... and ... and”) is called ___. A) asyndeton B) polysyndeton C) chiasmus D) parallelism To'g'ri javob: B) polysyndeton ✔ 46. An opposition in which one member possesses a distinctive feature that the other member lacks is called ___. A) neutral B) privative C) gradual D) equipollent To'g'ri javob: B) privative ✔ 47. A word with several related meanings (e.g. «head» of a body, of a company) is A) antonymous B) synonymous C) homonymous D) polysemous To'g'ri javob: D) polysemous ✔ 48. Sir Walter Scott is credited with popularizing A) the stream-of-consciousness technique B) the historical novel C) the sonnet sequence D) the dramatic monologue To'g'ri javob: B) the historical novel ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 50 49. “I've told you a million times!” The stylistic device used here is ___. A) periphrasis B) litotes C) hyperbole D) metonymy To'g'ri javob: C) hyperbole✔ 50. The «-s» in «cats» is A) an infix B) an inflectional morpheme C) a free morpheme D) a derivational morpheme To'g'ri javob: B) an inflectional morpheme ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 51 7-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Read the text: «When the volcano erupted, ash covered the town within hours. The residents had been evacuated two days earlier, so no one was hurt.» Why was no one hurt? A) the ash fell far from the town B) the eruption was very weak C) the residents had already left D) the town had special shelters To'g'ri javob: C) the residents had already left✔ 2. “The Sound Pattern of English” (1968) was written by ___. A) R. Jakobson and G. Fant B) N. Chomsky and M. Halle C) L. Bloomfield and C. Hockett D) D. Jones and A.C. Gimson To'g'ri javob: B) N. Chomsky and M. Halle ✔ 3. Read the text: «The film received excellent reviews from critics, but audiences found it slow and confusing, and it earned little at the box office.» Which statement is true? A) audiences liked the film more than critics did B) critics found the film confusing C) critics liked the film more than audiences did D) the film was a commercial success To'g'ri javob: C) critics liked the film more than audiences did ✔ 4. Translation memory (TM) tools store A) speech recordings B) grammar rules only C) previously translated segments for reuse D) dictionaries of synonyms To'g'ri javob: C) previously translated segments for reuse ✔ 5. Dynamic (functional) equivalence aims to A) keep all cultural references unchanged B) reproduce the source text form word by word C) preserve source language syntax D) produce the same effect on target readers as the original had on source readers To'g'ri javob: D) produce the same effect on target readers as the original had on source readers ✔ 6. Transposition in Vinay and Darbelnet's model is A) a change of point of view B) word-for-word translation C) a change in word class without changing meaning D) replacing a cultural reference To'g'ri javob: C) a change in word class without changing meaning ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 52 7. In which word is the letter “b” silent? A) robust B) debt C) number D) symbol To'g'ri javob: B) debt✔ 8. In English, a falling nuclear tone is typical of ___. A) polite requests only B) yes/no questions only C) statements and wh-questions D) unfinished enumerations To'g'ri javob: C) statements and wh-questions ✔ 9. Community Language Learning is based on A) the Natural Order Hypothesis B) behaviourist drilling C) the Lexical Approach D) counselling-learning principles To'g'ri javob: D) counselling-learning principles ✔ 10. Vowels are traditionally classified according to ___. A) place and manner of articulation and voicing B) aspiration and length only C) the number of syllables in a word D) tongue height, tongue position and lip rounding To'g'ri javob: D) tongue height, tongue position and lip rounding ✔ 11. The «silent period» in second language acquisition refers to A) a period of teacher silence in the Silent Way B) a learner's refusal to study C) the time when learners listen and understand before producing speech D) a break between lessons To'g'ri javob: C) the time when learners listen and understand before producing speech ✔ 12. A student says «He go to school yesterday». The teacher replies: «Oh, he went to school yesterday?». This is A) metalinguistic feedback B) a recast C) elicitation D) explicit correction To'g'ri javob: B) a recast ✔ 13. In “button” /ˈbʌtn̩/ the final /n/ is ___. A) velarized B) aspirated C) devoiced D) syllabic To'g'ri javob: D) syllabic ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 53 14. The Critical Period Hypothesis is associated with A) Eric Lenneberg B) Paul Grice C) Michael Halliday D) David Nunan To'g'ri javob: A) Eric Lenneberg✔ 15. Howard Gardner's theory relevant to differentiated teaching is A) the monitor model B) the critical period hypothesis C) the theory of multiple intelligences D) universal grammar To'g'ri javob: C) the theory of multiple intelligences ✔ 16. Mona Baker's book «In Other Words» is a well-known coursebook on A) machine translation programming B) literary history C) equivalence at different levels D) simultaneous interpreting To'g'ri javob: C) equivalence at different levels ✔ 17. In legal translation, the most important requirement is usually A) domestication of all names B) creative freedom C) precision and consistency of terminology D) rhyme To'g'ri javob: C) precision and consistency of terminology ✔ 18. Skopos theory was developed by A) Hans Vermeer and Katharina Reiss B) Gideon Toury C) Eugene Nida D) Peter Newmark To'g'ri javob: A) Hans Vermeer and Katharina Reiss ✔ 19. Explicitation is A) keeping foreign words B) word-for-word translation C) omitting redundant information D) making implicit information in the source text explicit in the translation To'g'ri javob: D) making implicit information in the source text explicit in the translation ✔ 20. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables in English most often results in ___. A) /æ/ or /e/ B) /ə/ or /ɪ/ C) /ɑː/ or /ɔː/ D) /aɪ/ or /aʊ/ To'g'ri javob: B) /ə/ or /ɪ/ ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 54 21. Read the text: «Sarah's job interview was at nine. At ten past nine she was still stuck in traffic, nervously checking her phone.» What problem did Sarah have? A) her interview had been cancelled B) she had forgotten the address C) she was late for her interview D) she had lost her phone To'g'ri javob: C) she was late for her interview✔ 22. The pronunciation of “butter” as [ˈbʌʔə] in Cockney illustrates ___. A) glottal replacement of /t/ B) aspiration of /t/ C) flapping of /t/ D) elision of the vowel To'g'ri javob: A) glottal replacement of /t/ ✔ 23. The translation strategy of adding information in a footnote is called A) modulation B) omission C) transposition D) a translator's note (gloss) To'g'ri javob: D) a translator's note (gloss) ✔ 24. Read the text: «Once a small fishing village, the town has become a busy tourist resort with hotels lining the coast.» How has the town changed? A) it has been abandoned B) it has grown into a resort C) it has become a fishing port D) it has lost its tourist industry To'g'ri javob: B) it has grown into a resort ✔ 25. Teacher talking time (TTT) is generally recommended to be A) kept balanced to maximize student talking time B) eliminated entirely C) used only in the mother tongue D) maximized to provide input To'g'ri javob: A) kept balanced to maximize student talking time ✔ 26. Literal (word-for-word) translation is most acceptable when A) translating jokes B) translating poetry rhythm C) source and target structures coincide and meaning is preserved D) translating idioms To'g'ri javob: C) source and target structures coincide and meaning is preserved ✔ 27. Culture-specific items (realia) such as «palov» or «samsa» are often translated by A) literal translation of each letter B) replacing with a random dish C) omission always D) transliteration with or without explanation To'g'ri javob: D) transliteration with or without explanation ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 55 28. Read the text: «The sign at the entrance said “Staff only”, so Aziz waited outside until someone came to help him.» Why did Aziz wait outside? A) he was early for an appointment B) he had lost his key C) only employees were allowed to enter D) the building was closed To'g'ri javob: C) only employees were allowed to enter✔ 29. Skimming a text means A) reading word by word B) reading quickly to get the gist C) reading for specific details like dates D) reading aloud To'g'ri javob: B) reading quickly to get the gist ✔ 30. Formal equivalence focuses on A) the message's form and content as closely as possible to the source B) summarizing the text C) the reader's response only D) adapting cultural items freely To'g'ri javob: A) the message's form and content as closely as possible to the source ✔ 31. Read the text: «Dear customers, due to the renovation of our main hall, the bank will serve clients at the side entrance from 1 to 15 March. Opening hours remain the same.» What changes from 1 to 15 March? A) the entrance clients should use B) the services offered to clients C) the bank's address D) the opening hours of the bank To'g'ri javob: A) the entrance clients should use ✔ 32. Read the text: «The tour guide spoke so quickly and quietly that most of the group gave up trying to follow her and simply looked at the paintings.» Why did the group stop listening? A) the guide stopped talking B) they could not understand the guide C) the paintings were not interesting D) the museum was closing To'g'ri javob: B) they could not understand the guide ✔ 33. Bottom-up processing in listening refers to A) using background knowledge to predict content B) guessing from context C) decoding sounds, words and grammar to build meaning D) summarizing the gist To'g'ri javob: C) decoding sounds, words and grammar to build meaning ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 56 34. Read the text: «Please do not feed the animals. Human food can make them seriously ill.» Where would you most likely see this notice? A) in a hospital B) in a zoo C) in a supermarket D) in a restaurant kitchen To'g'ri javob: B) in a zoo✔ 35. An «information gap» activity requires students to A) exchange information that each partner lacks B) copy a text from the board C) take a written test D) listen to the teacher's lecture To'g'ri javob: A) exchange information that each partner lacks ✔ 36. Read the text: «The river burst its banks after a week of heavy rain, flooding hundreds of homes.» What caused the flooding? A) a week of heavy rain B) a broken dam C) melting snow D) a storm at sea To'g'ri javob: A) a week of heavy rain ✔ 37. Top-down processing relies primarily on A) spelling rules B) individual word decoding C) phoneme recognition D) learners' background knowledge and expectations To'g'ri javob: D) learners' background knowledge and expectations ✔ 38. Read the text: «In the 19th century, many people travelled across the Atlantic by steamship. The journey from Liverpool to New York, which once took weeks by sailing ship, could be done in about ten days.» What does the text mainly compare? A) life in Europe and America B) the cost of tickets in different centuries C) travel times by sailing ship and steamship D) the cities of Liverpool and New York To'g'ri javob: C) travel times by sailing ship and steamship ✔ 39. Read the text: «Penguins cannot fly, but they are excellent swimmers. Their wings have evolved into flippers that allow them to move quickly under water.» In the text, “evolved” is closest in meaning to ___. A) been trained B) suddenly disappeared C) been injured D) gradually developed To'g'ri javob: D) gradually developed ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 57 40. In which word is the plural ending pronounced /ɪz/? A) pens B) cats C) boxes D) dogs To'g'ri javob: C) boxes✔ 41. Read the text: «The book was so gripping that Kamila read it in one night and went to work the next morning with red eyes.» Why were Kamila's eyes red? A) she had been crying over bad news B) she had an eye infection C) she had been swimming D) she had stayed up reading To'g'ri javob: D) she had stayed up reading ✔ 42. Transliteration is A) rendering the letters of one script in another script B) translating idioms C) adapting cultural references D) translating meaning To'g'ri javob: A) rendering the letters of one script in another script ✔ 43. The correct transcription of “judge” is ___. A) /ʒʌʒ/ B) /tʃʌtʃ/ C) /dʒʌdʒ/ D) /dʒʊdʒ/ To'g'ri javob: C) /dʒʌdʒ/ ✔ 44. The branch of phonetics that studies the physical properties of speech sounds (sound waves) is ___. A) articulatory phonetics B) auditory phonetics C) acoustic phonetics D) historical phonetics To'g'ri javob: C) acoustic phonetics ✔ 45. The pronunciation of “next day” as /neks deɪ/ illustrates ___. A) aspiration B) intrusion C) epenthesis D) elision To'g'ri javob: D) elision ✔ 46. Read the text: «After missing the bus, Nodira decided to walk. On the way she met an old school friend, and they spent an hour talking in a café.» What was the result of missing the bus? A) she met an old friend B) she went back home C) she was late for an exam D) she took a taxi To'g'ri javob: A) she met an old friend ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 58 47. A teacher pre-teaches key words before a reading text because A) key unknown vocabulary would block comprehension of the main ideas B) vocabulary is never learned from context C) learners must know every word D) it replaces the reading To'g'ri javob: A) key unknown vocabulary would block comprehension of the main ideas✔ 48. The US Constitution was drafted in A) 1787 B) 1865 C) 1776 D) 1812 To'g'ri javob: A) 1787 ✔ 49. Canale and Swain's model of communicative competence includes grammatical, sociolinguistic, strategic and A) lexical competence B) pragmatic awareness only C) discourse competence D) phonological competence To'g'ri javob: C) discourse competence ✔ 50. Consonants produced with air escaping through the nose are called ___. A) plosives B) fricatives C) nasals D) laterals To'g'ri javob: C) nasals ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 59 8-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. The pair “dead – alive”, where denial of one implies the other, illustrates ___. A) ideographic synonyms B) converse antonyms C) gradable antonyms D) complementary antonyms To'g'ri javob: D) complementary antonyms✔ 2. A word-group whose meaning is the sum of the meanings of its components and which is freely formed in speech is ___. A) a compound word B) an idiom C) a free word combination D) a phraseological fusion To'g'ri javob: C) a free word combination ✔ 3. “Shirt” (native) and “skirt” (Scandinavian), going back to the same root, are ___. A) converse antonyms B) etymological doublets C) paronyms D) homonyms proper To'g'ri javob: B) etymological doublets ✔ 4. Which sentence shows correct parallelism? A) «The study aims to collect, analysing and to report data.» B) «The study aims collecting, to analyse and reporting data.» C) «The study aims to collecting, analyse and reported data.» D) «The study aims to collect, analyse and report data.» To'g'ri javob: D) «The study aims to collect, analyse and report data.» ✔ 5. Test specifications describe A) students' grades B) the purpose, content, format, and scoring of a test C) only the answer key D) the classroom rules To'g'ri javob: B) the purpose, content, format, and scoring of a test ✔ 6. In the pair “rose – flower”, the word “rose” is ___. A) a meronym of “flower” B) a hyponym of “flower” C) a hypernym of “flower” D) a synonym of “flower” To'g'ri javob: B) a hyponym of “flower” ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 60 7. Words like “sandwich”, “cardigan” and “boycott”, derived from personal names, are called ___. A) barbarisms B) eponyms C) acronyms D) hybrids To'g'ri javob: B) eponyms✔ 8. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «The informations you gave me were very useful.» A) you gave B) informations C) very useful D) me To'g'ri javob: B) informations ✔ 9. A raw score is A) the number of points obtained before any conversion B) a band score C) a score converted to a standard scale D) a percentile rank To'g'ri javob: A) the number of points obtained before any conversion ✔ 10. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «I am living in Tashkent since 2010.» A) Tashkent B) in C) since D) am living To'g'ri javob: D) am living ✔ 11. A student wrote: «Me and my friend went to the museum.» What is the standard written correction? A) My friend and me went to the museum. B) Me and my friend we went to the museum. C) I and my friend went to museum. D) My friend and I went to the museum. To'g'ri javob: D) My friend and I went to the museum. ✔ 12. The relation between “wheel” and “car” (part – whole) is called ___. A) meronymy B) hyponymy C) antonymy D) synonymy To'g'ri javob: A) meronymy ✔ 13. MLA in-text citations typically include A) author and page number B) publisher and city C) title and year D) author and year To'g'ri javob: A) author and page number ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 61 14. In academic writing, the use of first person «I» A) is never allowed in any discipline B) is only used in titles C) varies by discipline and genre conventions D) is required in every sentence To'g'ri javob: C) varies by discipline and genre conventions✔ 15. A student writes: «However, little research has examined adult learners in Central Asia.» In the CARS model, this sentence most likely A) establishes a niche by indicating a gap B) establishes territory by claiming centrality C) states the conclusion D) presents results To'g'ri javob: A) establishes a niche by indicating a gap ✔ 16. A teacher notices that girls perform much worse on an item about football than boys of similar ability. This suggests A) item bias (differential item functioning) B) content validity C) positive washback D) high reliability To'g'ri javob: A) item bias (differential item functioning) ✔ 17. Formative assessment is primarily used to A) select candidates for jobs B) inform and improve ongoing learning C) rank schools nationally D) certify final results To'g'ri javob: B) inform and improve ongoing learning ✔ 18. Analytic scoring of writing means A) assigning separate scores for different aspects such as content, organization and language B) giving one overall impression score C) comparing with other learners D) self-assessment To'g'ri javob: A) assigning separate scores for different aspects such as content, organization and ✔ language 19. In APA style, an in-text citation typically includes A) the title and publisher B) the full URL C) the author's surname and year of publication D) the author's first name only To'g'ri javob: C) the author's surname and year of publication ✔ 20. Norm-referenced tests interpret a student's score A) in terms of self-assessment B) only as pass/fail C) in relation to the performance of other test-takers D) against a fixed standard or criterion To'g'ri javob: C) in relation to the performance of other test-takers ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 62 21. The words “beef”, “pork” and “mutton” entered English from ___. A) Old Norse B) Greek C) Latin during the Roman occupation D) Norman French To'g'ri javob: D) Norman French✔ 22. In speaking assessment, the person who interacts with the candidate is the interlocutor; the one who only scores is the A) proctor-candidate B) assessor (rater) C) invigilator D) moderator-student To'g'ri javob: B) assessor (rater) ✔ 23. A multiple-choice test of grammar used to infer writing ability is an example of A) indirect testing B) portfolio assessment C) performance assessment D) direct testing To'g'ri javob: A) indirect testing ✔ 24. The suffix “-ee” in “employee”, “trainee” denotes ___. A) a place of action B) a small size C) a person who performs an action D) a person to whom an action is done To'g'ri javob: D) a person to whom an action is done ✔ 25. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «If I would have known, I would have helped you.» A) would have known B) I C) would have helped D) you To'g'ri javob: A) would have known ✔ 26. Face validity refers to A) consistency of results B) the test's effect on curriculum C) whether a test appears to measure what it claims to test-takers and users D) statistical correlation with other tests To'g'ri javob: C) whether a test appears to measure what it claims to test-takers and users ✔ 27. Choose the correct sentence (“fewer” vs “less”). A) There is fewer cars on the road today. B) There are less cars on the road today. C) There are lesser cars on the road today. D) There are fewer cars on the road today. To'g'ri javob: D) There are fewer cars on the road today. ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 63 28. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «Neither of the answers are correct, according to the key.» A) correct B) are C) answers D) Neither To'g'ri javob: B) are✔ 29. “Bridegroom” (OE “brȳdguma”, where “guma” meant “man”) acquired “-groom” under the influence of an unrelated word. This is ___. A) conversion B) folk etymology C) a calque D) clipping To'g'ri javob: B) folk etymology ✔ 30. A dangling modifier occurs in A) «She walked into the room and turned on the lights.» B) «Walking into the room, she turned on the lights.» C) «When she walked into the room, she turned on the lights.» D) «Walking into the room, the lights were turned on.» To'g'ri javob: D) «Walking into the room, the lights were turned on.» ✔ 31. The «stem» of a multiple-choice item is A) the question or incomplete statement B) the correct answer C) the scoring key D) a wrong option To'g'ri javob: A) the question or incomplete statement ✔ 32. Which of the following is most appropriate in a formal academic register? A) «Lots of people think that...» B) «A considerable number of researchers argue that...» C) «Loads of guys reckon...» D) «People kinda believe...» To'g'ri javob: B) «A considerable number of researchers argue that...» ✔ 33. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «The children was playing in the garden when it started to rain.» A) was B) when C) started D) playing To'g'ri javob: A) was ✔ 34. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «She made me to wait for an hour.» A) me B) to wait C) for an hour D) made To'g'ri javob: B) to wait ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 64 35. «NATO» pronounced as a word is an example of A) an initialism B) a clipping C) an acronym D) a blend To'g'ri javob: C) an acronym✔ 36. Which statement about the relationship between reliability and validity is correct? A) High validity lowers reliability B) Validity is possible without reliability C) Reliability is a necessary but not sufficient condition for validity D) They are unrelated To'g'ri javob: C) Reliability is a necessary but not sufficient condition for validity ✔ 37. A topic sentence in a paragraph A) ends the essay B) always contains a quotation C) gives the list of references D) introduces the main idea of the paragraph To'g'ri javob: D) introduces the main idea of the paragraph ✔ 38. Lexicology is the branch of linguistics that studies ___. A) the structure of sentences B) the vocabulary of a language C) the sound system of a language D) the expressive means of a text To'g'ri javob: B) the vocabulary of a language ✔ 39. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «He works very hardly to support his family.» A) works B) very C) support D) hardly To'g'ri javob: D) hardly ✔ 40. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «You're coming to the party tonight, isn't it?» A) tonight B) isn't it C) coming D) You're To'g'ri javob: B) isn't it ✔ 41. According to V.V. Vinogradov, completely non-motivated idioms such as “to kick the bucket” are called ___. A) phraseological fusions B) phraseological combinations C) phraseological unities D) free word combinations To'g'ri javob: A) phraseological fusions ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 65 42. Which linking word signals contrast? A) Consequently B) Similarly C) Furthermore D) Nevertheless To'g'ri javob: D) Nevertheless✔ 43. A C-test is a variant of the cloze in which A) students write an essay B) the second half of every second word is deleted C) whole sentences are deleted D) every tenth word is deleted To'g'ri javob: B) the second half of every second word is deleted ✔ 44. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «I look forward to see you next week.» A) forward B) I look C) next week D) to see To'g'ri javob: D) to see ✔ 45. Words such as “buzz”, “hiss” and “cuckoo” are formed by ___. A) back-formation B) conversion C) reduplication D) onomatopoeia To'g'ri javob: D) onomatopoeia ✔ 46. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «This is the most interesting book I have ever read it.» A) it B) have ever C) the most D) read To'g'ri javob: A) it ✔ 47. Nominalization (e.g. «analyse» → «analysis») is typical of academic writing because it A) allows information to be packaged densely and abstractly B) shortens words C) makes texts more informal D) avoids technical terms To'g'ri javob: A) allows information to be packaged densely and abstractly ✔ 48. Which phrase is used to introduce an example in academic writing? A) «On the contrary,» B) «In conclusion,» C) «As a result,» D) «For instance,» To'g'ri javob: D) «For instance,» ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 66 49. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «I enjoy to read detective stories.» A) stories B) to read C) detective D) enjoy To'g'ri javob: B) to read✔ 50. Which linking word signals result? A) However B) Likewise C) Therefore D) Although To'g'ri javob: C) Therefore ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 67 9-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Two armed men ___ a bank in the city centre yesterday. A) robbed B) stole C) thieved D) burglary To'g'ri javob: A) robbed✔ 2. He's the man ___ car was stolen outside the bank. A) who's B) whom C) whose D) which To'g'ri javob: C) whose ✔ 3. Direct speech: “I finished the report yesterday,” she said. Reported: She said she ___ the report the day before. A) had finished B) will have finished C) finishes D) has finished To'g'ri javob: A) had finished ✔ 4. This car is very ___: it uses very little fuel. A) economic B) economics C) economy D) economical To'g'ri javob: D) economical ✔ 5. The doctor ___ antibiotics for her chest infection. A) described B) proscribed C) subscribed D) prescribed To'g'ri javob: D) prescribed ✔ 6. Boxing Day in the UK is celebrated on A) 24 December B) 26 December C) 31 December D) 1 January To'g'ri javob: B) 26 December ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 68 7. The Scottish Parliament is located in A) Glasgow B) Edinburgh C) Inverness D) Stirling To'g'ri javob: B) Edinburgh✔ 8. The process by which Middle English unstressed final vowels were reduced and lost is related to the fate of A) the medial «gh» in «night» B) the «w» in «write» C) the final «-e» (schwa) in words like «name» D) the initial «h-» in «hour» To'g'ri javob: C) the final «-e» (schwa) in words like «name» ✔ 9. Which change was the most important grammatical development from Old to Middle English? A) the introduction of grammatical gender B) the development of a dual number C) the creation of the subjunctive D) the levelling and loss of inflectional endings To'g'ri javob: D) the levelling and loss of inflectional endings ✔ 10. The more you practise, ___ you become. A) the most fluent B) more fluent C) the more fluent D) most fluent To'g'ri javob: C) the more fluent ✔ 11. Please stop ___ ; I'm trying to concentrate on this report. A) talk B) to talk C) to be talked D) talking To'g'ri javob: D) talking ✔ 12. The periphrastic «do» in questions and negatives («Do you know?») became regular in A) Early Modern English B) Old English C) the 20th century D) Anglo-Norman To'g'ri javob: A) Early Modern English ✔ 13. The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the United States from A) France B) Britain C) Italy D) Spain To'g'ri javob: A) France ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 69 14. “We go to the theatre once in a blue moon” means we go ___. A) only at night B) very often C) very rarely D) every month To'g'ri javob: C) very rarely✔ 15. The prescriptive rule against ending a sentence with a preposition is often traced to the influence of A) Old Norse B) Middle English poetry C) Old English syntax D) Latin grammar models To'g'ri javob: D) Latin grammar models ✔ 16. You want to ask a stranger the time politely. Which is most appropriate? A) Excuse me, what time it is? B) Excuse me, could you tell me what time it is? C) Tell me the time, please. D) What time it is, could you tell? To'g'ri javob: B) Excuse me, could you tell me what time it is? ✔ 17. Choose the correct passive form: “Someone is repairing the road.” → “The road ___.” A) is repaired B) is repairing C) has repaired D) is being repaired To'g'ri javob: D) is being repaired ✔ 18. The US President during the Civil War was A) Ulysses S. Grant B) Abraham Lincoln C) Thomas Jefferson D) Andrew Jackson To'g'ri javob: B) Abraham Lincoln ✔ 19. Have you ___ your homework yet? A) made B) taken C) given D) done To'g'ri javob: D) done ✔ 20. St Andrew is the patron saint of A) Wales B) Scotland C) Ireland D) England To'g'ri javob: B) Scotland ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 70 21. Leaving the child alone in the car was totally ___. (RESPONSIBLE) A) unresponsible B) disresponsible C) inresponsible D) irresponsible To'g'ri javob: D) irresponsible✔ 22. The King James Version of the Bible was published in A) 1755 B) 1525 C) 1611 D) 1066 To'g'ri javob: C) 1611 ✔ 23. The longest river system in the United States is A) the Rio Grande B) the Hudson C) the Colorado D) the Mississippi–Missouri To'g'ri javob: D) the Mississippi–Missouri ✔ 24. The Louisiana Purchase (1803) was made from A) Mexico B) Spain C) Britain D) France To'g'ri javob: D) France ✔ 25. After ten years in the village, he is used to ___ up at dawn. A) get B) getting C) have got D) be getting To'g'ri javob: B) getting ✔ 26. The third-person singular ending «-eth» (as in «he loveth») was gradually replaced by «-s», which originated in A) Latin B) the Northern dialects C) Kentish D) Norman French To'g'ri javob: B) the Northern dialects ✔ 27. She sings much ___ than her older sister. A) best B) more well C) better D) more good To'g'ri javob: C) better ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 71 28. I clearly remember ___ the door, so I'm sure the flat is locked. A) to lock B) locking C) lock D) to have been locked To'g'ri javob: B) locking✔ 29. The two Houses of the UK Parliament are A) the Assembly and the Council B) the Upper Chamber and the Duma C) the Senate and the House of Representatives D) the House of Commons and the House of Lords To'g'ri javob: D) the House of Commons and the House of Lords ✔ 30. When he was a child, he ___ play football every weekend, but now he never does. A) use to B) used to C) was used to D) is used to To'g'ri javob: B) used to ✔ 31. A formal British letter begins “Dear Mr Brown”. Which closing is conventional? A) See you B) Yours faithfully C) Love D) Yours sincerely To'g'ri javob: D) Yours sincerely ✔ 32. The ___ of the new bridge took two years. (CONSTRUCT) A) constructor B) construction C) constructing D) constructive To'g'ri javob: B) construction ✔ 33. Choose the correct article: “She plays ___ violin in the city orchestra.” A) the B) an C) no article D) a To'g'ri javob: A) the ✔ 34. Choose the correct article: “___ honesty is the best policy.” A) no article B) A C) The D) An To'g'ri javob: A) no article ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 72 35. The BBC stands for A) British Broadcasting Corporation B) Britain's Best Channel C) British Business Channel D) British Board of Broadcasting Channels To'g'ri javob: A) British Broadcasting Corporation✔ 36. The Statute of Pleading (1362) is significant because it A) required court pleadings to be conducted in English B) made Latin the language of law C) standardized English spelling D) introduced printing to England To'g'ri javob: A) required court pleadings to be conducted in English ✔ 37. The Great Vowel Shift primarily affected A) short vowels in unstressed syllables B) consonant clusters C) long stressed vowels D) diphthongs only To'g'ri javob: C) long stressed vowels ✔ 38. A learner asks why «bite» and «meet» are spelled with letters that do not match their continental vowel values. The best answer refers to A) spelling largely fixed before or during the Great Vowel Shift B) Johnson's dictionary reforms C) Norman scribes spelling English phonetically D) the loss of grammatical gender To'g'ri javob: A) spelling largely fixed before or during the Great Vowel Shift ✔ 39. Could you ___ me some money until Friday? A) lend B) owe C) borrow D) rent To'g'ri javob: A) lend ✔ 40. Members of the House of Commons are A) chosen by the Prime Minister B) elected by voters in constituencies C) appointed by the monarch D) hereditary peers To'g'ri javob: B) elected by voters in constituencies ✔ 41. Which language contributed most to the English vocabulary of law, government, and fashion after 1066? A) French B) Greek C) Old Norse D) Latin To'g'ri javob: A) French ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 73 42. The Oxford English Dictionary is compiled on which principle? A) phonetic spelling reform B) frequency lists from spoken corpora only C) historical documentation of words with dated quotations D) prescriptive recommendation of correct usage To'g'ri javob: C) historical documentation of words with dated quotations✔ 43. Can you give me some ___ about the summer course? A) informative B) informations C) an information D) information To'g'ri javob: D) information ✔ 44. Which Old English poem survives in the «Exeter Book»? A) «Beowulf» B) «The Seafarer» C) «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight» D) «Piers Plowman» To'g'ri javob: B) «The Seafarer» ✔ 45. Lawrence Venuti's concepts of foreignization and domestication concern A) machine translation quality B) the speed of interpreting C) the degree to which a translation retains or erases the foreignness of the source D) terminology management To'g'ri javob: C) the degree to which a translation retains or erases the foreignness of the source ✔ 46. In the UK, a «public school» traditionally refers to A) a state-funded comprehensive school B) a university C) a primary school D) a fee-paying independent school To'g'ri javob: D) a fee-paying independent school ✔ 47. Guy Fawkes Night (Bonfire Night) on 5 November commemorates A) the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605 B) the coronation of Elizabeth I C) the Battle of Hastings D) the end of World War I To'g'ri javob: A) the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605 ✔ 48. We'd better ___ now, or we'll miss the train. A) left B) leave C) leaving D) to leave To'g'ri javob: B) leave ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 74 49. Don't wake the baby; she's ___ asleep. A) deep B) fast C) strong D) hard To'g'ri javob: B) fast✔ 50. Which dialect of Old English is best attested because of the literary activity at the court of King Alfred? A) Mercian B) West Saxon C) Kentish D) Northumbrian To'g'ri javob: B) West Saxon ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 75 10-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. An explicit comparison of two unlike objects using “like” or “as” is ___. A) a simile B) a synecdoche C) an epithet D) a metaphor To'g'ri javob: A) a simile✔ 2. An argumentative essay typically includes a counterargument in order to A) acknowledge opposing views and then refute them, strengthening the argument B) confuse the reader C) fill space D) change the thesis To'g'ri javob: A) acknowledge opposing views and then refute them, strengthening the argument ✔ 3. «Hot» and «cold» are A) gradable antonyms B) complementary antonyms C) converses D) hyponyms To'g'ri javob: A) gradable antonyms ✔ 4. English has how many inflectional morphemes (in the standard analysis)? A) twenty B) three C) twelve D) eight To'g'ri javob: D) eight ✔ 5. In R. Jakobson's model, phrases like “How are you?” used mainly to establish contact perform ___ function. A) the poetic B) the referential C) the metalingual D) the phatic To'g'ri javob: D) the phatic ✔ 6. John Milton's «Paradise Lost» is written in A) heroic couplets B) blank verse C) Spenserian stanzas D) terza rima To'g'ri javob: B) blank verse ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 76 7. Iambic pentameter is a line consisting of ___. A) five feet, each stressed + unstressed B) five feet, each unstressed + stressed C) four feet, each unstressed + unstressed + stressed D) six feet, each stressed + unstressed + unstressed To'g'ri javob: B) five feet, each unstressed + stressed✔ 8. In “The house is being built”, the verb form is ___. A) present perfect passive B) present continuous passive C) past continuous active D) present simple passive To'g'ri javob: B) present continuous passive ✔ 9. A student describes a vast stadium crowd as “a sea of faces”. The device is ___. A) irony B) simile C) metaphor D) litotes To'g'ri javob: C) metaphor ✔ 10. A metrical foot consisting of a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed ones is ___. A) a dactyl B) a trochee C) an anapaest D) an amphibrach To'g'ri javob: A) a dactyl ✔ 11. Case grammar, with deep cases such as Agentive, Instrumental and Objective, was proposed by ___. A) Noam Chomsky B) Edward Sapir C) Charles Fillmore D) M.A.K. Halliday To'g'ri javob: C) Charles Fillmore ✔ 12. In R. Jakobson's model, the function oriented towards the code itself (“What do you mean by...?”) is ___. A) conative B) emotive C) poetic D) metalingual To'g'ri javob: D) metalingual ✔ 13. “He was as brave as a lion.” The stylistic device used here is ___. A) metaphor B) hyperbole C) personification D) simile To'g'ri javob: D) simile ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 77 14. A word that connects a noun or pronoun with other words and expresses relations such as place or time is ___. A) a preposition B) a particle C) a conjunction D) an interjection To'g'ri javob: A) a preposition✔ 15. «Jane Eyre» was written by A) Charlotte Brontë B) Anne Brontë C) Emily Brontë D) George Eliot To'g'ri javob: A) Charlotte Brontë ✔ 16. The sentence “Silence.” is classified as ___. A) a two-member complete sentence B) a compound sentence C) a one-member sentence D) a complex sentence To'g'ri javob: C) a one-member sentence ✔ 17. Paradigmatic relations hold between A) elements that combine in a sequence B) words in different languages C) sounds in free variation only D) elements that can substitute for each other in the same position To'g'ri javob: D) elements that can substitute for each other in the same position ✔ 18. Which word contains an inflectional morpheme? A) unhappy B) kindness C) teacher D) walked To'g'ri javob: D) walked ✔ 19. «Buy» and «sell» are A) complementary antonyms B) synonyms C) converse (relational) antonyms D) hyponyms To'g'ri javob: C) converse (relational) antonyms ✔ 20. A sudden break in the narrative, leaving a sentence unfinished (“If you go there, I'll...”), is called ___. A) aposiopesis B) asyndeton C) detachment D) ellipsis To'g'ri javob: A) aposiopesis ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 78 21. The distinction between “langue” and “parole” was introduced by ___. A) Noam Chomsky B) Roman Jakobson C) Ferdinand de Saussure D) Leonard Bloomfield To'g'ri javob: C) Ferdinand de Saussure✔ 22. Austin's speech act theory distinguishes locutionary, illocutionary and A) constative acts B) declarative acts C) performative verbs D) perlocutionary acts To'g'ri javob: D) perlocutionary acts ✔ 23. The sound /b/ is a A) voiced alveolar nasal B) voiced bilabial plosive C) voiceless bilabial plosive D) voiced labiodental fricative To'g'ri javob: B) voiced bilabial plosive ✔ 24. Michael Halliday developed A) Relevance Theory B) Systemic Functional Linguistics C) Transformational Grammar D) Optimality Theory To'g'ri javob: B) Systemic Functional Linguistics ✔ 25. «Blackboard» (a writing board, not necessarily black) is an example of A) an inflected form B) an endocentric compound with non-compositional meaning C) an acronym D) a blend To'g'ri javob: B) an endocentric compound with non-compositional meaning ✔ 26. A sudden drop from the important or serious to the trivial at the end of a sequence is called ___. A) antithesis B) climax C) hyperbole D) anticlimax To'g'ri javob: D) anticlimax ✔ 27. The theory of the actual (functional) division of the sentence into theme and rheme was developed by ___. A) American descriptivists B) the London School (J.R. Firth) C) the Copenhagen School (L. Hjelmslev) D) the Prague School (V. Mathesius) To'g'ri javob: D) the Prague School (V. Mathesius) ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 79 28. «Ode to a Nightingale» and «Ode on a Grecian Urn» were written by A) Shelley B) Wordsworth C) Tennyson D) Keats To'g'ri javob: D) Keats✔ 29. Words with similar meanings such as «big» and «large» are A) synonyms B) homonyms C) antonyms D) hyponyms To'g'ri javob: A) synonyms ✔ 30. George Orwell's «Nineteen Eighty-Four» is an example of A) pastoral B) Gothic fiction C) dystopian fiction D) utopian romance To'g'ri javob: C) dystopian fiction ✔ 31. Which features are most typical of scientific prose? A) free indirect speech and dialogue B) dialect words, slang and exclamations C) terms, logic and impersonality D) rhyme and alliteration To'g'ri javob: C) terms, logic and impersonality ✔ 32. Which of the following is an analytical grammatical form? A) went B) children C) goes D) will have gone To'g'ri javob: D) will have gone ✔ 33. Charles Dickens wrote A) «Vanity Fair» B) «Great Expectations» C) «Jude the Obscure» D) «Middlemarch» To'g'ri javob: B) «Great Expectations» ✔ 34. A compound sentence consists of ___. A) a principal clause and a subordinate clause B) two or more coordinate clauses C) one clause with homogeneous subjects D) one clause with a compound predicate To'g'ri javob: B) two or more coordinate clauses ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 80 35. Tennessee Williams wrote A) «Long Day's Journey into Night» B) «A Streetcar Named Desire» C) «The Crucible» D) «Our Town» To'g'ri javob: B) «A Streetcar Named Desire»✔ 36. Which verbal combines the features of the verb and the noun? A) Participle II B) the imperative C) the gerund D) Participle I in attributive function To'g'ri javob: C) the gerund ✔ 37. Looking at the pouring rain, a man says, “What lovely weather for a picnic!” This is ___. A) simile B) epithet C) hyperbole D) irony To'g'ri javob: D) irony ✔ 38. James Fenimore Cooper's «The Last of the Mohicans» belongs to the series known as A) the Rabbit tetralogy B) the Leatherstocking Tales C) the Yoknapatawpha saga D) the Barsetshire Chronicles To'g'ri javob: B) the Leatherstocking Tales ✔ 39. Jane Austen's novels are primarily A) sea adventures B) novels of manners focused on the gentry C) Gothic horror tales D) industrial novels To'g'ri javob: B) novels of manners focused on the gentry ✔ 40. Mary Shelley's «Frankenstein» is often regarded as an early work of A) science fiction B) detective fiction C) realist fiction D) the epistolary comedy To'g'ri javob: A) science fiction ✔ 41. The neutral mid-central vowel in unstressed syllables, as in the first syllable of «about», is A) /ɜː/ B) /ʌ/ C) /ɑː/ D) /ə/ (schwa) To'g'ri javob: D) /ə/ (schwa) ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 81 42. Which Jane Austen novel begins: «It is a truth universally acknowledged...»? A) «Pride and Prejudice» B) «Persuasion» C) «Emma» D) «Sense and Sensibility» To'g'ri javob: A) «Pride and Prejudice»✔ 43. Mark Twain's «Adventures of Huckleberry Finn» is narrated by A) Tom Sawyer B) Jim C) Huck Finn D) an omniscient narrator To'g'ri javob: C) Huck Finn ✔ 44. The head word of the phrase “very interesting old books” is ___. A) very B) books C) old D) interesting To'g'ri javob: B) books ✔ 45. Phrase structure rules generate A) phonemes B) meaning relations only C) the hierarchical constituent structure of sentences D) morphemes only To'g'ri javob: C) the hierarchical constituent structure of sentences ✔ 46. A metrical foot consisting of two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed one is ___. A) an anapaest B) a dactyl C) an iamb D) a spondee To'g'ri javob: A) an anapaest ✔ 47. The Shakespearean (English) sonnet consists of A) four tercets and a couplet B) an octave and a sestet C) three quatrains and a couplet D) two quatrains and two tercets To'g'ri javob: C) three quatrains and a couplet ✔ 48. Virginia Woolf wrote A) «Sons and Lovers» B) «Mrs Dalloway» C) «Heart of Darkness» D) «A Passage to India» To'g'ri javob: B) «Mrs Dalloway» ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 82 49. In modern descriptive grammars (e.g., Quirk et al.), articles belong to the wider class of ___. A) particles B) pronouns proper C) determiners D) adjectives To'g'ri javob: C) determiners✔ 50. Chomsky's distinction between competence and performance means that competence is A) actual language use in real situations B) communicative ability in social contexts C) the ability to write correctly D) the speaker-hearer's tacit knowledge of the language To'g'ri javob: D) the speaker-hearer's tacit knowledge of the language ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 83 11-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. A «false friend» is A) a word in the target language that looks similar to a source word but has a different meaning B) a mistranslation of a proper name C) a calque D) a synonym To'g'ri javob: A) a word in the target language that looks similar to a source word but has a ✔ different meaning 2. Read the text: «When the power went out, the family lit candles and played board games until late at night. The children later said it was the best evening of the holiday.» How did the children feel about the evening? A) they were angry B) they were bored C) they were frightened D) they enjoyed it very much To'g'ri javob: D) they enjoyed it very much ✔ 3. Roman Jakobson's three types of translation are intralingual, interlingual and A) intertextual B) intercultural C) intersemiotic D) interpersonal To'g'ri javob: C) intersemiotic ✔ 4. The Silent Way, in which the teacher speaks as little as possible and uses Cuisenaire rods, was developed by A) Tracy Terrell B) Caleb Gattegno C) James Asher D) Stephen Krashen To'g'ri javob: B) Caleb Gattegno ✔ 5. The consonants /f/ and /v/ are ___. A) bilabial plosives B) dental fricatives C) alveolar fricatives D) labiodental fricatives To'g'ri javob: D) labiodental fricatives ✔ 6. A «lead-in» at the start of a lesson is meant to A) drill pronunciation B) assess grammar formally C) give homework D) generate interest and activate background knowledge on the topic To'g'ri javob: D) generate interest and activate background knowledge on the topic ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 84 7. There's no point ___ about it now; the decision has been made. A) in worrying B) worry C) for worry D) to worry To'g'ri javob: A) in worrying✔ 8. Read the text: «The hotel was cheap and close to the beach, but the walls were so thin that we could hear our neighbours' every word.» What was the main disadvantage of the hotel? A) it was expensive B) it was noisy C) it was far from the beach D) the food was bad To'g'ri javob: B) it was noisy ✔ 9. Realia in language teaching means A) reading lists B) real objects brought into the classroom C) authentic grammar rules D) the reality of exam results To'g'ri javob: B) real objects brought into the classroom ✔ 10. The English sound /h/ is ___. A) a glottal fricative B) a glottal plosive C) a uvular trill D) a velar fricative To'g'ri javob: A) a glottal fricative ✔ 11. Which pair consists of homophones in RP? A) pair – pear B) live (verb) – live (adjective) C) wind (noun) – wind (verb) D) tear (from the eye) – tear (to rip) To'g'ri javob: A) pair – pear ✔ 12. “An English Pronouncing Dictionary” (1917) was compiled by ___. A) Daniel Jones B) Samuel Johnson C) John Wells D) Noah Webster To'g'ri javob: A) Daniel Jones ✔ 13. The system of cardinal vowels was devised by ___. A) Roman Jakobson B) A.C. Gimson C) Henry Sweet D) Daniel Jones To'g'ri javob: D) Daniel Jones ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 85 14. Read the text: «Although Tom had trained for months, he finished the marathon in last place. Still, he smiled as he crossed the line: he had never run so far in his life.» How did Tom feel at the end? A) angry with his coach B) proud of his achievement C) ashamed of his result D) indifferent to the race To'g'ri javob: B) proud of his achievement✔ 15. Read the text: «Scientists warn that, if current trends continue, many coastal cities may face serious flooding by the end of the century.» The tone of the text is ___. A) joyful B) nostalgic C) humorous D) cautionary To'g'ri javob: D) cautionary ✔ 16. Gardner and Lambert's integrative motivation refers to A) fear of punishment B) learning a language to identify with or join the target community C) learning only for job promotion D) learning a language to pass exams To'g'ri javob: B) learning a language to identify with or join the target community ✔ 17. Read the text: «Most of the Earth's fresh water is frozen in glaciers and ice caps; only a small fraction is easily available in rivers and lakes.» According to the text, where is most of the Earth's fresh water? A) in lakes B) under the oceans C) in rivers D) in glaciers and ice caps To'g'ri javob: D) in glaciers and ice caps ✔ 18. Translating «He is a good swimmer» as «U yaxshi suzadi» (He swims well) involves A) calque B) borrowing C) transliteration D) transposition (noun to verb) To'g'ri javob: D) transposition (noun to verb) ✔ 19. «Sorry? Can you say that again?» in response to an error is A) explicit correction B) praise C) a recast D) a clarification request To'g'ri javob: D) a clarification request ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 86 20. Which pair of words is a minimal pair? A) pin – bin B) pin – nip C) pin – spin D) pin – bun To'g'ri javob: A) pin – bin✔ 21. Translating an English proverb «When in Rome, do as the Romans do» with a native proverb of similar meaning is A) literal translation B) equivalence of idioms (substitution) C) transliteration D) borrowing To'g'ri javob: B) equivalence of idioms (substitution) ✔ 22. The pronunciation of “law and order” as /ˈlɔːr ənd ˈɔːdə/ in RP illustrates ___. A) rhoticity B) intrusive r C) linking r D) elision of /r/ To'g'ri javob: B) intrusive r ✔ 23. The nucleus (tonic syllable) of an intonation group is ___. A) the last word of the sentence B) the syllable carrying the main pitch change C) the first syllable of the group D) any unstressed syllable To'g'ri javob: B) the syllable carrying the main pitch change ✔ 24. Read the text: «The new law requires all restaurants to display the calorie content of their dishes. Supporters say this will help people make healthier choices; critics argue it will increase costs for small businesses.» What does the text present? A) the history of restaurant regulation B) a recipe for a healthy meal C) only the advantages of the law D) arguments for and against a new law To'g'ri javob: D) arguments for and against a new law ✔ 25. Read the text: «He is a man of few words, but when he speaks, everyone listens.» This means that he ___. A) knows few English words B) rarely speaks, but is respected C) speaks a lot and nobody listens D) speaks only to his friends To'g'ri javob: B) rarely speaks, but is respected ✔ 26. When teaching a mixed-ability class, the most appropriate strategy is A) to differentiate tasks according to learners' levels B) to teach only the strongest students C) to give everyone identical tasks with no support D) to separate weaker students permanently To'g'ri javob: A) to differentiate tasks according to learners' levels ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 87 27. Read the text: «In the past, people wrote letters and waited weeks for a reply. Today a message can cross the world in seconds.» The main idea of the text is that ___. A) people no longer communicate B) letters are more reliable than messages C) communication has become much faster D) the post office is very efficient To'g'ri javob: C) communication has become much faster✔ 28. A student searches a train timetable to find when the last train leaves. This reading sub-skill is A) inferencing B) scanning C) intensive reading D) skimming To'g'ri javob: B) scanning ✔ 29. Read the text: «The old man had planted the apple trees knowing he would never taste their fruit. “They are for my grandchildren,” he said.» The old man's action shows that he ___. A) wanted to sell the fruit B) did not understand gardening C) disliked apples D) thought about future generations To'g'ri javob: D) thought about future generations ✔ 30. A teacher wants students to practise question forms freely in pairs, asking each other about weekends. This is A) a controlled drill B) a presentation stage C) a freer practice activity D) a listening for gist task To'g'ri javob: C) a freer practice activity ✔ 31. Gideon Toury is associated with A) Descriptive Translation Studies and translation norms B) dynamic equivalence C) Skopos theory D) the Interpretive Theory of Paris To'g'ri javob: A) Descriptive Translation Studies and translation norms ✔ 32. Localization refers to A) interpreting at conferences B) word-for-word translation C) adapting a product, such as software or a website, linguistically and culturally for a specific market D) translating only names To'g'ri javob: C) adapting a product, such as software or a website, linguistically and culturally for ✔ a specific market Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 88 33. The strong form of an auxiliary such as “can” is normally used ___. A) when stressed or sentence-final B) in all unstressed positions C) only in questions beginning with a wh-word D) only before a vowel To'g'ri javob: A) when stressed or sentence-final✔ 34. Which is a key competence for a professional translator besides bilingual competence? A) only typing speed B) extralinguistic (subject and cultural) knowledge and research skills C) knowledge of chemistry only D) speaking without accent To'g'ri javob: B) extralinguistic (subject and cultural) knowledge and research skills ✔ 35. Read the text: «Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world. Some species can grow almost a metre in a single day, which makes bamboo a renewable building material in many tropical countries.» Why is bamboo considered a renewable building material? A) because it is cheaper than steel everywhere B) because it grows only in deserts C) because it grows very quickly D) because it is very heavy To'g'ri javob: C) because it grows very quickly ✔ 36. A teacher uses «ship/sheep» to help students. She is focusing on A) intonation B) word stress C) the contrast between /ɪ/ and /iː/ D) consonant clusters To'g'ri javob: C) the contrast between /ɪ/ and /iː/ ✔ 37. Who introduced the concept of «communicative competence» in response to Chomsky's competence/performance distinction? A) Leonard Bloomfield B) B. F. Skinner C) Dell Hymes D) Noam Chomsky To'g'ri javob: C) Dell Hymes ✔ 38. An English student translates «magazine» into Uzbek as «magazin» (shop). This is an example of A) compensation B) transposition C) a false cognate error D) correct borrowing To'g'ri javob: C) a false cognate error ✔ 39. Schleiermacher famously said a translator can either move the author towards the reader or A) move the reader towards the author B) summarize C) rewrite the text D) omit difficult parts To'g'ri javob: A) move the reader towards the author ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 89 40. Jeremy Harmer's ESA model stands for A) Elicit, Show, Apply B) Expose, Select, Analyse C) Engage, Study, Activate D) Explain, Study, Assess To'g'ri javob: C) Engage, Study, Activate✔ 41. Krashen's Input Hypothesis states that acquisition occurs when learners receive A) input far beyond their level B) only written input C) explicit correction of all errors D) comprehensible input slightly beyond their current level (i+1) To'g'ri javob: D) comprehensible input slightly beyond their current level (i+1) ✔ 42. In the sentence “I can swim” said at normal speed, “can” is usually pronounced ___. A) /kən/ B) /kæn/ C) /keɪn/ D) /kɑːn/ To'g'ri javob: A) /kən/ ✔ 43. Read the text: «Applicants must submit their documents by 5 p.m. on 30 June. Late applications will not be considered.» What happens to an application submitted on 1 July? A) it will be returned for corrections B) it will be accepted with a fine C) it will not be considered D) it will be considered next year To'g'ri javob: C) it will not be considered ✔ 44. According to Jakobson, intralingual translation is A) translation into non-verbal signs B) translation between two languages C) rewording within the same language D) subtitling To'g'ri javob: C) rewording within the same language ✔ 45. Translating «Keep off the grass» as an equivalent «Maysalarni bosmang» rather than word for word is guided by A) functional (situational) equivalence B) calque C) transliteration D) formal equivalence To'g'ri javob: A) functional (situational) equivalence ✔ 46. Read the text: «Many people believe that bats are blind. In fact, most bats can see, but they rely mainly on echolocation to find food in the dark.» What is the main purpose of the text? A) to compare bats with birds B) to describe how bats raise their young C) to correct a common misconception D) to warn people about dangerous animals To'g'ri javob: C) to correct a common misconception ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 90 47. In “dogs” the plural ending is pronounced /z/ rather than /s/ because of ___. A) progressive assimilation of voicing B) regressive assimilation of place C) vowel reduction D) linking r To'g'ri javob: A) progressive assimilation of voicing✔ 48. The Grammar-Translation Method primarily emphasizes A) reading, translation and explicit grammar rules B) learning through physical response C) oral fluency through drills D) communication in authentic tasks To'g'ri javob: A) reading, translation and explicit grammar rules ✔ 49. The vowel /ə/ (schwa) is ___. A) an open back rounded vowel B) a mid central unrounded vowel C) a diphthong D) a close front vowel To'g'ri javob: B) a mid central unrounded vowel ✔ 50. A translator renders a Russian name and patronymic and keeps culture-specific terms with glosses, making the text feel foreign. This strategy is A) foreignization B) domestication C) adaptation D) omission To'g'ri javob: A) foreignization ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 91 12-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Standard error of measurement (SEM) indicates A) the test's validity B) the number of items C) the range within which a candidate's true score is likely to fall D) the average score on a test To'g'ri javob: C) the range within which a candidate's true score is likely to fall✔ 2. The word “flu” (from “influenza”) was formed by ___. A) blending B) clipping C) affixation D) conversion To'g'ri javob: B) clipping ✔ 3. A peer-reviewed journal article is one that A) is not cited by others B) was written by students C) has been evaluated by experts in the field before publication D) is published only online To'g'ri javob: C) has been evaluated by experts in the field before publication ✔ 4. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «She is the girl whom I think is the best student.» A) the best B) is C) I think D) whom To'g'ri javob: D) whom ✔ 5. Halliday and Hasan's «Cohesion in English» identified cohesive devices including reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction and A) rhyme B) lexical cohesion C) punctuation D) intonation To'g'ri javob: B) lexical cohesion ✔ 6. “The kettle is boiling” (meaning the water in it) is based on a transfer by ___. A) hyperbole B) similarity (metaphor) C) contiguity (metonymy) D) litotes To'g'ri javob: C) contiguity (metonymy) ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 92 7. “A Dictionary of the English Language” (1755) was compiled by ___. A) James Murray B) Samuel Johnson C) Peter Mark Roget D) Noah Webster To'g'ri javob: B) Samuel Johnson✔ 8. Which is a good guideline for writing multiple-choice items? A) Use double negatives in the stem B) Ensure only one option is clearly correct and distractors are plausible C) Make the correct option much longer than others D) Include grammatical clues to the answer To'g'ri javob: B) Ensure only one option is clearly correct and distractors are plausible ✔ 9. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «My brother is good in football.» A) is B) good C) in D) football To'g'ri javob: C) in ✔ 10. An achievement test measures A) learners' attitudes B) how well learners have mastered the content of a specific course C) aptitude for language learning D) general proficiency regardless of course To'g'ri javob: B) how well learners have mastered the content of a specific course ✔ 11. Which is the BrE equivalent of the AmE word “apartment”? A) lift B) pavement C) lorry D) flat To'g'ri javob: D) flat ✔ 12. Coherence refers to A) word count B) the overall logical connectedness and meaningfulness of a text C) the use of linking words only D) the spelling accuracy To'g'ri javob: B) the overall logical connectedness and meaningfulness of a text ✔ 13. Self-assessment encourages A) norm-referencing B) rote learning C) dependence on the teacher D) learner reflection and autonomy To'g'ri javob: D) learner reflection and autonomy ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 93 14. Choose the correct sentence (negative inversion). A) Not until he left did I realize my mistake. B) Not until he left I did realize my mistake. C) Not until he left I realized my mistake. D) Not until did he leave I realized my mistake. To'g'ri javob: A) Not until he left did I realize my mistake.✔ 15. Self-plagiarism refers to A) quoting other authors B) reusing one's own previously published work without acknowledgement C) writing original work D) citing your own work correctly To'g'ri javob: B) reusing one's own previously published work without acknowledgement ✔ 16. An item with negative discrimination is one that A) weak students answer correctly more often than strong students B) everybody answers correctly C) strong students answer correctly more often than weak students D) nobody answers correctly To'g'ri javob: A) weak students answer correctly more often than strong students ✔ 17. Reporting verbs such as «argue», «claim», «suggest» and «demonstrate» differ in that they A) are used only in conclusions B) are informal C) signal different degrees of the writer's stance toward the source D) all mean exactly the same To'g'ri javob: C) signal different degrees of the writer's stance toward the source ✔ 18. Summative assessment typically occurs A) at the end of a unit or course to evaluate achievement B) continuously during the course to give feedback C) before the course begins D) only informally To'g'ri javob: A) at the end of a unit or course to evaluate achievement ✔ 19. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «There is many people waiting outside.» A) outside B) many C) is D) people To'g'ri javob: C) is ✔ 20. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «She is married with a famous architect.» A) famous B) married C) with D) is To'g'ri javob: C) with ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 94 21. Alternative assessment includes A) aptitude batteries B) national examinations C) standardized multiple-choice tests only D) portfolios, journals and projects To'g'ri javob: D) portfolios, journals and projects✔ 22. Which suffix forms abstract nouns from adjectives? A) -ize B) -ness C) -ful D) -er To'g'ri javob: B) -ness ✔ 23. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «We discussed about the problem for an hour.» A) discussed B) the problem C) about D) for an hour To'g'ri javob: C) about ✔ 24. A compare-and-contrast essay organized subject by subject (all of A, then all of B) uses A) the chronological method B) the cause-effect method C) the point-by-point method D) the block method To'g'ri javob: D) the block method ✔ 25. Old English “dēor” meant “any animal”; Modern “deer” means a particular animal. This is ___. A) widening of meaning B) amelioration C) narrowing of meaning D) pejoration To'g'ri javob: C) narrowing of meaning ✔ 26. Which statement about a research question is correct? A) It should be as broad as possible B) It is not needed in empirical research C) It should already be answered in the title D) It should be focused, clear and researchable To'g'ri javob: D) It should be focused, clear and researchable ✔ 27. Which word contains the voiced sound /ð/? A) breathe B) theatre C) breath D) thin To'g'ri javob: A) breathe ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 95 28. Words denoting objects that no longer exist, such as “halberd” or “musket”, are called ___. A) neologisms B) historisms C) archaisms D) jargonisms To'g'ri javob: B) historisms✔ 29. Concurrent validity is established by A) correlating scores with another established measure taken at the same time B) observing classroom behaviour C) retesting after a month D) expert review of content To'g'ri javob: A) correlating scores with another established measure taken at the same time ✔ 30. A teacher gives the same reading test to two parallel classes and finds that one rater consistently awards higher scores on open answers. The most direct remedy is A) removing all open-ended items from every test B) giving the test without a key C) rater training, standardization sessions and double marking D) increasing the number of distractors To'g'ri javob: C) rater training, standardization sessions and double marking ✔ 31. Choose the correct sentence (reported yes/no questions). A) She asked me could I help her whether. B) She asked me whether I could help her. C) She asked me if could I help her. D) She asked me whether could I help her. To'g'ri javob: B) She asked me whether I could help her. ✔ 32. Compounds such as “ping-pong”, “chit-chat” and “goody-goody” are ___. A) blends B) derivatives C) clippings D) reduplicatives To'g'ri javob: D) reduplicatives ✔ 33. In «I'll have the red one, and you can have the blue one», «one» illustrates A) substitution B) conjunction C) reference D) ellipsis To'g'ri javob: A) substitution ✔ 34. The semiotic (semantic) triangle of symbol, thought and referent was proposed by ___. A) R. Jakobson and M. Halle B) F. de Saussure and C. Bally C) C.K. Ogden and I.A. Richards D) N. Chomsky and M. Halle To'g'ri javob: C) C.K. Ogden and I.A. Richards ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 96 35. In a cause-and-effect essay, the writer mainly A) defines a term B) narrates a personal story C) describes a process step by step D) explains why something happens and its consequences To'g'ri javob: D) explains why something happens and its consequences✔ 36. Critical Discourse Analysis is especially concerned with A) historical sound change B) child language acquisition C) phonetic transcription D) the relationship between language, power and ideology To'g'ri javob: D) the relationship between language, power and ideology ✔ 37. Holistic scoring of writing means A) scoring separate components such as grammar and organization B) counting errors C) machine scoring only D) assigning a single overall score based on general impression To'g'ri javob: D) assigning a single overall score based on general impression ✔ 38. “Superman”, a word-for-word translation of German “Übermensch”, is an example of ___. A) a blend B) a hybrid C) a phonetic borrowing D) a calque (loan translation) To'g'ri javob: D) a calque (loan translation) ✔ 39. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «She has a lot of homeworks tonight.» A) tonight B) a lot of C) homeworks D) has To'g'ri javob: C) homeworks ✔ 40. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «She don't know where her brother lives now.» A) don't B) know C) where D) lives To'g'ri javob: A) don't ✔ 41. Discrete-point testing focuses on A) individual elements of language tested separately B) real-life tasks C) extended writing D) integrated skills in context To'g'ri javob: A) individual elements of language tested separately ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 97 42. Phraseological units whose meaning can be deduced from the image, such as “to play first fiddle”, are classified by Vinogradov as ___. A) phraseological combinations B) compound words C) phraseological unities D) phraseological fusions To'g'ri javob: C) phraseological unities✔ 43. A student wrote: «He said me that he was tired.» Correct the sentence. A) He told to me that he was tired. B) He told me that he was tired. C) He said me he was tiring. D) He said to me that he is tiring. To'g'ri javob: B) He told me that he was tired. ✔ 44. Where is the thesis statement most typically placed in a standard academic essay? A) at the end of the introduction B) in the title only C) in the reference list D) in the middle of the first body paragraph To'g'ri javob: A) at the end of the introduction ✔ 45. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «He is more taller than his father.» A) more taller B) than C) He is D) his father To'g'ri javob: A) more taller ✔ 46. The «register» of academic writing is best described as A) poetic and emotional B) formal, objective and precise C) informal and conversational D) colloquial To'g'ri javob: B) formal, objective and precise ✔ 47. A test that is too long for the available time and costly to mark has low A) authenticity B) practicality C) validity D) washback To'g'ri javob: B) practicality ✔ 48. In a cloze test, typically A) students choose a picture B) every nth word is deleted from a text C) students translate sentences D) students answer oral questions To'g'ri javob: B) every nth word is deleted from a text ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 98 49. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «He gave me a good advice about my career.» A) a good advice B) gave C) about my career D) me To'g'ri javob: A) a good advice✔ 50. The Oxford English Dictionary was compiled on ___. A) ideographic principles B) historical principles C) frequency principles D) phonetic principles To'g'ri javob: B) historical principles ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 99 13-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. The word «lord» derives from Old English «hlāfweard», meaning roughly A) army leader B) loaf-guardian C) land-owner D) house-holder To'g'ri javob: B) loaf-guardian✔ 2. Please ___ attention to the instructions on the screen. A) take B) make C) give D) pay To'g'ri javob: D) pay ✔ 3. The national currency of the UK is A) the euro B) the pound sterling C) the dollar D) the shilling To'g'ri javob: B) the pound sterling ✔ 4. The Industrial Revolution began in A) France B) the United States C) Germany D) Britain To'g'ri javob: D) Britain ✔ 5. I'd rather you ___ smoke in the living room. A) not B) don't C) won't D) didn't To'g'ri javob: D) didn't ✔ 6. I'm looking forward to ___ from you soon. A) be heard B) hear C) hearing D) have heard To'g'ri javob: C) hearing ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 100 7. The news about the merger ___ very surprising. A) was B) were C) have been D) are To'g'ri javob: A) was✔ 8. The UK constitution is often described as A) fully codified in one document B) uncodified, drawn from statutes, conventions and common law C) identical to the US Constitution D) written by the European Union To'g'ri javob: B) uncodified, drawn from statutes, conventions and common law ✔ 9. Her car is parked outside and the lights are on, so she ___ be at home. A) needn't B) can't C) must D) shouldn't To'g'ri javob: C) must ✔ 10. He is ___ person I have ever met. A) a kindest B) kinder C) the kinder D) the kindest To'g'ri javob: D) the kindest ✔ 11. The US currently consists of A) 52 states B) 50 states C) 48 states D) 13 states To'g'ri javob: B) 50 states ✔ 12. While cleaning the attic, I ___ some old letters from my grandfather. A) came over B) came across C) came round D) came up To'g'ri javob: B) came across ✔ 13. She really ___ her mother: they have the same eyes and the same laugh. A) takes after B) takes in C) takes up D) takes over To'g'ri javob: A) takes after ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 101 14. We've ___ milk; could you buy some on your way home? A) run out of B) run over C) run away from D) run into To'g'ri javob: A) run out of✔ 15. The capital of Northern Ireland is A) Armagh B) Londonderry C) Belfast D) Dublin To'g'ri javob: C) Belfast ✔ 16. The 22nd Amendment to the US Constitution A) gave women the vote B) limits a President to two elected terms C) abolished slavery D) established prohibition To'g'ri javob: B) limits a President to two elected terms ✔ 17. Someone thanks you for holding the door. Which reply is most appropriate? A) Help yourself. B) The same to you. C) You're welcome. D) Not bad. To'g'ri javob: C) You're welcome. ✔ 18. The «b» in «debt» and «doubt» was inserted in the Renaissance in order to A) follow French spelling B) show the Latin etymology C) reflect pronunciation D) distinguish homophones To'g'ri javob: B) show the Latin etymology ✔ 19. Which Germanic tribes are traditionally said by Bede to have settled in Britain in the 5th century? A) Frisians, Lombards and Burgundians B) Goths, Vandals and Franks C) Angles, Saxons and Jutes D) Danes, Norwegians and Swedes To'g'ri javob: C) Angles, Saxons and Jutes ✔ 20. If I had accepted that job offer five years ago, I ___ in London now. A) would be living B) would have lived C) had lived D) will live To'g'ri javob: A) would be living ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 102 21. Which of the following English words is a loan from Old Norse? A) sky B) shirt C) chair D) beef To'g'ri javob: A) sky✔ 22. The oldest university in the English-speaking world is A) Oxford B) Cambridge C) St Andrews D) Edinburgh To'g'ri javob: A) Oxford ✔ 23. The 18th-century prescriptive grammarian who wrote «A Short Introduction to English Grammar» (1762) was A) Joseph Priestley B) Lindley Murray C) John Wallis D) Robert Lowth To'g'ri javob: D) Robert Lowth ✔ 24. The United Kingdom is a A) presidential republic B) absolute monarchy C) federal republic D) constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system To'g'ri javob: D) constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system ✔ 25. The Old English letter «æ» was called A) wynn B) eth C) yogh D) ash To'g'ri javob: D) ash ✔ 26. The English adjective “actual” means ___. A) real, existing in fact B) modern, fashionable C) topical, relevant at present D) urgent, important now To'g'ri javob: A) real, existing in fact ✔ 27. The Danelaw was A) a treaty between Wessex and Mercia B) the area of England under Scandinavian control and law C) a Norman legal code imposed after 1066 D) a church council on literacy To'g'ri javob: B) the area of England under Scandinavian control and law ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 103 28. Hardly ___ the station when the train left. A) have we reached B) we reached C) had we reached D) we had reached To'g'ri javob: C) had we reached✔ 29. The first ten amendments to the US Constitution are known as A) the Bill of Rights B) the Federalist Papers C) the Emancipation Proclamation D) the Articles of Confederation To'g'ri javob: A) the Bill of Rights ✔ 30. If you don't know a word, ___ it ___ in a dictionary. A) look / into B) look / after C) look / up D) look / for To'g'ri javob: C) look / up ✔ 31. Which event is conventionally taken as marking the transition from Old English to Middle English? A) The Black Death B) The introduction of printing C) The Viking raid on Lindisfarne D) The Norman Conquest To'g'ri javob: D) The Norman Conquest ✔ 32. The patron saint of England is A) St George B) St David C) St Andrew D) St Patrick To'g'ri javob: A) St George ✔ 33. Shakespeare's language belongs to A) Late Old English B) Late Modern English C) Middle English D) Early Modern English To'g'ri javob: D) Early Modern English ✔ 34. She has always been fond ___ classical music. A) of B) with C) for D) about To'g'ri javob: A) of ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 104 35. Henry VIII's break with Rome led to the establishment of A) the Methodist Church B) the Church of England C) the Church of Scotland D) the Catholic Church in England To'g'ri javob: B) the Church of England✔ 36. The Old English plural «cildru» survives in a modified form in A) «childhood» B) «kids» C) «childs» D) «children» To'g'ri javob: D) «children» ✔ 37. “I'm feeling a bit under the weather today” means the speaker feels ___. A) very cold B) slightly ill C) bored D) very happy To'g'ri javob: B) slightly ill ✔ 38. Be careful not to ___ your keys again. A) loss B) lost C) lose D) loose To'g'ri javob: C) lose ✔ 39. At the start of the seminar the teacher told a joke to ___. A) break even B) break the bank C) break a leg D) break the ice To'g'ri javob: D) break the ice ✔ 40. Direct: “Have you finished?” she asked. Reported: She asked me ___. A) had I finished B) if I had finished C) if have I finished D) that had I finished To'g'ri javob: B) if I had finished ✔ 41. They got the plumber ___ the leak in the kitchen. A) fix B) to fix C) fixed D) fixes To'g'ri javob: B) to fix ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 105 42. If he had studied harder, he ___ the entrance exam last June. A) would pass B) would have passed C) had passed D) will pass To'g'ri javob: B) would have passed✔ 43. She spoke ___ about her plans for the summer. (ENTHUSIASM) A) enthusiast B) enthusiastically C) enthusiasm D) enthusiastic To'g'ri javob: B) enthusiastically ✔ 44. Would you mind ___ the window? It's very hot in here. A) to opening B) opening C) to open D) open To'g'ri javob: B) opening ✔ 45. Grimm's Law describes A) the loss of inflections in Middle English B) a systematic shift of Proto-Indo-European stops in Proto-Germanic C) the Great Vowel Shift in English D) the palatalization of velars in Old English To'g'ri javob: B) a systematic shift of Proto-Indo-European stops in Proto-Germanic ✔ 46. The two major political parties in the US are A) Liberal and Green B) Democratic and Republican C) Labour and Conservative D) Whig and Tory To'g'ri javob: B) Democratic and Republican ✔ 47. Old English «hlāf» developed into Modern English A) loaf B) half C) life D) leaf To'g'ri javob: A) loaf ✔ 48. The meeting has been ___ until next week because the director is ill. A) put on B) put out C) put up D) put off To'g'ri javob: D) put off ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 106 49. The English word “fabric” means ___. A) a factory B) a trademark C) a plot of a story D) cloth, material To'g'ri javob: D) cloth, material✔ 50. The 19th Amendment to the US Constitution A) lowered the voting age to 18 B) abolished slavery C) repealed prohibition D) guaranteed women's right to vote To'g'ri javob: D) guaranteed women's right to vote ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 107 14-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. In “There is a book on the table”, the word “there” is ___. A) a demonstrative pronoun B) a predicative C) introductory (existential) there D) an adverbial modifier of place To'g'ri javob: C) introductory (existential) there✔ 2. Ezra Pound is a principal figure of A) Romanticism B) Naturalism C) Imagism D) Transcendentalism To'g'ri javob: C) Imagism ✔ 3. Using «email» as a verb («I'll email you») is an example of A) borrowing B) conversion (zero derivation) C) back-formation D) blending To'g'ri javob: B) conversion (zero derivation) ✔ 4. In “He came, he saw, he conquered” the clauses are joined ___. A) by polysyndeton B) asyndetically C) by subordination D) by correlative conjunctions To'g'ri javob: B) asyndetically ✔ 5. Which of these plays by Shakespeare is a tragedy? A) «King Lear» B) «The Tempest» C) «Twelfth Night» D) «As You Like It» To'g'ri javob: A) «King Lear» ✔ 6. When a pidgin acquires native speakers and becomes more complex, it becomes A) a jargon B) a lingua franca C) a dialect D) a creole To'g'ri javob: D) a creole ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 108 7. The sound /ŋ/ as in «sing» is a A) velar nasal B) glottal stop C) alveolar nasal D) palatal approximant To'g'ri javob: A) velar nasal✔ 8. The forms «go – went» show A) suppletion B) regular inflection C) ablaut D) clipping To'g'ri javob: A) suppletion ✔ 9. A sonnet traditionally consists of ___. A) fourteen lines B) twelve lines C) sixteen lines D) eight lines To'g'ri javob: A) fourteen lines ✔ 10. In “If I were rich, I would travel”, the form “were” represents ___. A) the imperative mood B) the indicative mood C) the past perfect D) the subjunctive mood To'g'ri javob: D) the subjunctive mood ✔ 11. An indirect reference to a historical, literary, mythological or biblical fact is called ___. A) an allusion B) an epithet C) a simile D) an antonomasia To'g'ri javob: A) an allusion ✔ 12. In “John broke the window with a hammer”, the phrase “with a hammer” expresses the semantic role of ___. A) Instrument B) Patient C) Location D) Agent To'g'ri javob: A) Instrument ✔ 13. Toni Morrison's «Beloved» deals with A) the Vietnam War B) the Jazz Age C) the legacy of slavery D) the Gold Rush To'g'ri javob: C) the legacy of slavery ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 109 14. Chomsky's sentence «Colourless green ideas sleep furiously» illustrates that A) grammar depends on meaning B) all sentences are ambiguous C) a sentence can be grammatical yet semantically anomalous D) English has no fixed word order To'g'ri javob: C) a sentence can be grammatical yet semantically anomalous✔ 15. In “The fact that he left surprised everyone”, the clause “that he left” is ___. A) an object clause B) an adverbial clause of reason C) a subject clause D) an appositive clause To'g'ri javob: D) an appositive clause ✔ 16. Repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses is called ___. A) anaphora B) framing C) anadiplosis D) epiphora To'g'ri javob: D) epiphora ✔ 17. A morpheme that cannot stand alone as a word is called A) a root word B) a free morpheme C) a lexeme D) a bound morpheme To'g'ri javob: D) a bound morpheme ✔ 18. The plural of “sheep” (one sheep – two sheep) is usually described as having a ___. A) bound root B) zero morpheme C) derivational suffix D) suppletive root To'g'ri javob: B) zero morpheme ✔ 19. Which phrase is an exocentric construction? A) fresh milk B) old men C) in the house D) very quickly To'g'ri javob: C) in the house ✔ 20. A student reads: «Our two souls therefore, which are one, / ... Like gold to airy thinness beat». The extended comparison here is an example of A) a dramatic monologue B) a metaphysical conceit C) free verse D) an epic simile from Homer To'g'ri javob: B) a metaphysical conceit ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 110 21. Ben Jonson is best known for his A) comedies of humours such as «Volpone» B) Gothic novels C) Romantic odes D) metaphysical lyrics To'g'ri javob: A) comedies of humours such as «Volpone»✔ 22. According to Saussure, the relationship between signifier and signified is A) natural and motivated B) determined by grammar C) arbitrary D) always iconic To'g'ri javob: C) arbitrary ✔ 23. Jonathan Swift's «A Modest Proposal» is best described as A) a satirical essay B) a Gothic romance C) a sentimental novel D) a pastoral elegy To'g'ri javob: A) a satirical essay ✔ 24. Which of the following is one of the functional styles distinguished by I.R. Galperin? A) the style of official documents B) the style of jargon C) the style of dialects D) the style of slang To'g'ri javob: A) the style of official documents ✔ 25. «Moby-Dick» was written by A) Herman Melville B) James Fenimore Cooper C) Edgar Allan Poe D) Mark Twain To'g'ri javob: A) Herman Melville ✔ 26. “It was a lovely city, a beautiful city, a fair city, a veritable gem of a city.” The device is ___. A) chiasmus B) anticlimax C) climax (gradation) D) zeugma To'g'ri javob: C) climax (gradation) ✔ 27. “One should eat to live, not live to eat.” The reversed repetition of words illustrates ___. A) chiasmus B) anaphora C) epiphora D) zeugma To'g'ri javob: A) chiasmus ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 111 28. Brown and Levinson's politeness theory centres on the concept of A) markedness B) competence C) face D) valency To'g'ri javob: C) face✔ 29. Diglossia refers to a situation where A) a language dies out B) a person speaks two languages fluently C) two varieties of a language are used for different social functions in a community D) two languages mix in one sentence To'g'ri javob: C) two varieties of a language are used for different social functions in a community ✔ 30. Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel about Hester Prynne is A) «The Scarlet Letter» B) «Moby-Dick» C) «The House of the Seven Gables» D) «Billy Budd» To'g'ri javob: A) «The Scarlet Letter» ✔ 31. The omission of a word or words easily understood from the context, used for stylistic effect, is ___. A) periphrasis B) litotes C) polysyndeton D) ellipsis To'g'ri javob: D) ellipsis ✔ 32. “All hands on deck!” (meaning “all sailors”) is an example of ___. A) antithesis B) simile C) synecdoche D) irony To'g'ri javob: C) synecdoche ✔ 33. Ferdinand de Saussure distinguished between «langue» and «parole». «Langue» refers to A) written language only B) the abstract system of language shared by a community C) individual acts of speaking D) dialect variation To'g'ri javob: B) the abstract system of language shared by a community ✔ 34. “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields...” (W. Churchill) is a classic example of ___. A) anaphora B) chiasmus C) epiphora D) litotes To'g'ri javob: A) anaphora ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 112 35. The sound /θ/ in «think» is described as A) voiced alveolar fricative B) voiceless dental fricative C) voiced velar stop D) voiceless bilabial stop To'g'ri javob: B) voiceless dental fricative✔ 36. George Eliot was the pen name of A) Charlotte Brontë B) Elizabeth Gaskell C) Mary Ann Evans D) Elizabeth Barrett Browning To'g'ri javob: C) Mary Ann Evans ✔ 37. A rhyme scheme “abab” is called ___. A) internal rhyme B) framing (ring) rhyme C) alternate (cross) rhyme D) couplet rhyme To'g'ri javob: C) alternate (cross) rhyme ✔ 38. A.I. Smirnitsky interpreted the opposition of perfect and non-perfect forms as a separate category of ___. A) time correlation B) aspect C) mood D) voice To'g'ri javob: A) time correlation ✔ 39. Robert Browning is especially known for developing A) the Petrarchan sonnet B) the heroic couplet C) the dramatic monologue D) sprung rhythm To'g'ri javob: C) the dramatic monologue ✔ 40. According to the standard account, Modern English has how many inflectional suffixes? A) fifteen B) three C) eight D) twenty To'g'ri javob: C) eight ✔ 41. Ernest Hemingway's «iceberg theory» refers to A) a focus on polar settings B) writing that leaves much of the meaning beneath the surface C) the use of very long elaborate sentences D) a structure based on myth To'g'ri javob: B) writing that leaves much of the meaning beneath the surface ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 113 42. The relationship between «tulip» and «flower» is A) meronymy B) hyponymy C) synonymy D) antonymy To'g'ri javob: B) hyponymy✔ 43. Expressive means and stylistic devices that enhance the emotional impact through the meaning of words (metaphor, irony) are classified as ___. A) lexical stylistic devices B) phonetic stylistic devices C) syntactic stylistic devices D) graphical stylistic devices To'g'ri javob: A) lexical stylistic devices ✔ 44. The traditional view (e.g., H. Sweet, O. Jespersen) holds that the English noun has two cases: ___. A) genitive and instrumental B) nominative and dative C) nominative and accusative D) common and genitive To'g'ri javob: D) common and genitive ✔ 45. “She lost her hat and her temper.” The stylistic device used here is ___. A) simile B) zeugma C) oxymoron D) anaphora To'g'ri javob: B) zeugma ✔ 46. Typologically, Modern English is predominantly ___. A) incorporating B) analytic C) agglutinative D) polysynthetic To'g'ri javob: B) analytic ✔ 47. Modal verbs such as “must” and “can” are called defective because they ___. A) can only be used in the passive B) have no negative forms C) lack non-finite forms and the -s ending D) cannot be used in questions To'g'ri javob: C) lack non-finite forms and the -s ending ✔ 48. John Osborne's «Look Back in Anger» (1956) is associated with A) the Angry Young Men B) the Lake Poets C) the Pre-Raphaelites D) the Bloomsbury Group To'g'ri javob: A) the Angry Young Men ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 114 49. Reproduction of a character's thoughts or words merged with the author's narrative, without quotation marks, is called ___. A) interior monologue in quotes B) direct speech C) represented (free indirect) speech D) reported speech in dialogue To'g'ri javob: C) represented (free indirect) speech✔ 50. «Flu» from «influenza» is an example of A) blending B) coinage C) derivation D) clipping To'g'ri javob: D) clipping ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 115 15-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Antonymic translation is A) translating with errors B) translating antonyms C) omitting negatives D) rendering an affirmative structure with a negative one (or vice versa) while keeping the meaning To'g'ri javob: D) rendering an affirmative structure with a negative one (or vice versa) while ✔ keeping the meaning 2. Literary translators of poetry often must balance A) length of footnotes only B) spelling and punctuation only C) speed and cost only D) form, meaning and sound effects To'g'ri javob: D) form, meaning and sound effects ✔ 3. Long's Interaction Hypothesis emphasizes the role of A) silent reading B) negotiation of meaning in conversation C) rote memorization D) translation exercises To'g'ri javob: B) negotiation of meaning in conversation ✔ 4. Translating «It is not difficult» as «It is easy» is an example of A) modulation B) transposition only C) borrowing D) calque To'g'ri javob: A) modulation ✔ 5. Extensive reading involves A) translation of texts B) close analysis of a short text C) reading aloud for pronunciation D) reading large amounts of material for pleasure at an easy level To'g'ri javob: D) reading large amounts of material for pleasure at an easy level ✔ 6. Which group consists only of bilabial consonants? A) /t, d, s/ B) /f, v, w/ C) /p, b, m/ D) /θ, ð, l/ To'g'ri javob: C) /p, b, m/ ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 116 7. Simultaneous interpreting typically involves A) rendering speech almost at the same time as the speaker, usually from a booth B) sight translation only C) written translation D) note-taking and speaking after the speaker To'g'ri javob: A) rendering speech almost at the same time as the speaker, usually from a booth✔ 8. Juliane House distinguished between A) overt and covert translation B) semantic and communicative translation C) dynamic and formal equivalence D) direct and oblique To'g'ri javob: A) overt and covert translation ✔ 9. The teacher responds to an error with: «You need the past tense here». This is A) metalinguistic feedback B) repetition C) a clarification request D) a recast To'g'ri javob: A) metalinguistic feedback ✔ 10. The Direct Method insists that A) reading precedes all speaking B) the target language is used exclusively in class C) grammar is taught deductively first D) the mother tongue is used for all explanations To'g'ri javob: B) the target language is used exclusively in class ✔ 11. Read the text: «The exam consists of two parts: a written test in the morning and an oral interview in the afternoon. Candidates must pass both parts.» What must a candidate do to pass the exam? A) pass only the written test B) pass both parts C) attend only the morning session D) pass either of the two parts To'g'ri javob: B) pass both parts ✔ 12. The pronunciation of “did you” as /ˈdɪdʒu/ illustrates ___. A) elision of /j/ B) intrusive r C) progressive assimilation D) coalescent assimilation To'g'ri javob: D) coalescent assimilation ✔ 13. Borrowing, calque and literal translation belong to which of Vinay and Darbelnet's strategies? A) oblique translation B) direct translation C) modulation D) adaptation To'g'ri javob: B) direct translation ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 117 14. Read the text: «Lola had been learning Spanish for only six months, yet she managed to understand most of the conversation in Madrid.» What does the text suggest about Lola? A) she was a native speaker of Spanish B) she had lived in Madrid for years C) she understood nothing D) she had made rapid progress To'g'ri javob: D) she had made rapid progress✔ 15. Deductive grammar teaching means that A) grammar is not taught B) the teacher presents the rule first, then examples and practice C) learners translate texts D) learners discover the rule from examples To'g'ri javob: B) the teacher presents the rule first, then examples and practice ✔ 16. Read the text: «He apologized to his colleague, admitting that he had been wrong to blame her for the lost file.» Which statement is true? A) his colleague had lost the file B) his colleague apologized to him C) his colleague was not to blame D) he never found out what happened To'g'ri javob: C) his colleague was not to blame ✔ 17. Read the text: «When the teacher entered, the noisy classroom fell silent at once.» What can be inferred? A) the lesson had already finished B) the teacher was very noisy C) the students had left the classroom D) the students respected the teacher To'g'ri javob: D) the students respected the teacher ✔ 18. The PPP model of lesson structure stands for A) Prepare, Practise, Perform B) Present, Pause, Prompt C) Plan, Process, Publish D) Presentation, Practice, Production To'g'ri javob: D) Presentation, Practice, Production ✔ 19. In which word is the past tense ending pronounced /t/? A) laughed B) loved C) begged D) needed To'g'ri javob: A) laughed ✔ 20. In the syllable “strand” /strænd/, the onset is ___. A) /æ/ B) /s/ C) /str/ D) /nd/ To'g'ri javob: C) /str/ ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 118 21. Itamar Even-Zohar developed A) polysystem theory B) relevance theory C) functionalism D) the equivalence paradigm To'g'ri javob: A) polysystem theory✔ 22. The IPA symbol for the first sound of “shoe” is ___. A) /tʃ/ B) /ʒ/ C) /ʃ/ D) /s/ To'g'ri javob: C) /ʃ/ ✔ 23. Translating English «actual» as Russian «актуальный» (meaning «topical») is an error due to A) modulation B) omission C) a calque D) a false friend To'g'ri javob: D) a false friend ✔ 24. Read the text: «Unlike his brother, who spent every weekend at parties, Ali preferred to stay at home with a good book and a cup of tea.» Which word best describes Ali? A) lazy B) sociable C) quiet D) adventurous To'g'ri javob: C) quiet ✔ 25. How many diphthongs are traditionally recognized in RP (e.g., by A.C. Gimson)? A) five B) three C) eight D) twelve To'g'ri javob: C) eight ✔ 26. Read the text: «Laughing at his own joke, the speaker didn't notice that nobody else in the room was smiling.» What does the text suggest about the joke? A) the speaker forgot the ending B) the audience did not find it funny C) it was the funniest joke of the evening D) everyone laughed loudly To'g'ri javob: B) the audience did not find it funny ✔ 27. Phonology, as distinct from phonetics, studies ___. A) the spelling rules of a language B) only the physical properties of sound waves C) the functions of sounds in a language system D) the history of the alphabet To'g'ri javob: C) the functions of sounds in a language system ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 119 28. The translation of titles of films with different titles in different markets is an example of A) literal translation B) calque C) transliteration D) adaptation To'g'ri javob: D) adaptation✔ 29. After giving instructions for a pair task, a teacher asks «Are you going to write or speak?». This is A) an instruction checking question B) a rhetorical question C) a test question D) a concept checking question To'g'ri javob: A) an instruction checking question ✔ 30. Drilling in which the teacher says a model and the whole class repeats is called A) chain drilling B) substitution drilling C) transformation drilling D) choral drilling To'g'ri javob: D) choral drilling ✔ 31. Read the text: «Despite the heavy rain, thousands of fans waited outside the stadium for hours to see their favourite team arrive.» What does the text show about the fans? A) they were very devoted B) they were afraid of the rain C) they had no tickets D) they were disappointed To'g'ri javob: A) they were very devoted ✔ 32. Read the text: «Honeybees communicate the location of flowers to other bees through a special movement known as the “waggle dance”.» What is the purpose of the waggle dance? A) to frighten enemies B) to attract a mate C) to show where food is D) to clean the hive To'g'ri javob: C) to show where food is ✔ 33. Vinay and Darbelnet proposed two general strategies: A) formal and dynamic B) overt and covert C) literal and free only D) direct and oblique translation To'g'ri javob: D) direct and oblique translation ✔ 34. Fluency activities differ from accuracy activities in that they A) focus on communicating meaning with delayed correction B) involve controlled drills C) require immediate error correction D) focus only on pronunciation To'g'ri javob: A) focus on communicating meaning with delayed correction ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 120 35. Read the text: «The manager praised the team for meeting the deadline, but pointed out that several reports contained careless errors.» The manager's attitude was ___. A) completely enthusiastic B) mixed: satisfied but critical C) entirely negative D) indifferent To'g'ri javob: B) mixed: satisfied but critical✔ 36. Read the text: «Some scientists believe that the dinosaurs died out after a huge asteroid hit the Earth about 66 million years ago.» The phrase “died out” means ___. A) became extinct B) moved to another place C) became ill D) grew larger To'g'ri javob: A) became extinct ✔ 37. Read the text: «Wanted: experienced English teacher for evening classes. Good communication skills essential. CELTA preferred but not required.» Which statement about CELTA is true? A) it is required for all applicants B) it is not relevant to the job C) it is desirable but not obligatory D) it must be obtained after hiring To'g'ri javob: C) it is desirable but not obligatory ✔ 38. Read the text: «Volunteers collected more than two tonnes of litter from the beach in a single weekend.» What did the volunteers do? A) they cleaned the beach B) they organized a festival C) they built a new beach D) they sold rubbish To'g'ri javob: A) they cleaned the beach ✔ 39. The branch of phonetics that studies how speech sounds are produced by the speech organs is ___. A) phonostylistics B) articulatory phonetics C) auditory phonetics D) acoustic phonetics To'g'ri javob: B) articulatory phonetics ✔ 40. Michael Lewis's Lexical Approach holds that language consists largely of A) phonemes B) translation equivalents C) chunks of multi-word lexical items D) isolated grammar rules To'g'ri javob: C) chunks of multi-word lexical items ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 121 41. Compensation in translation means A) making up for a loss of meaning or effect at one point by recreating it elsewhere B) translating literally C) omitting difficult passages D) adding footnotes only To'g'ri javob: A) making up for a loss of meaning or effect at one point by recreating it elsewhere✔ 42. Which set lists the long monophthongs of RP? A) /iː, ɑː, ɔː, uː, ɜː/ B) /eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ, əʊ, aʊ/ C) /ɪ, e, æ, ʌ, ɒ/ D) /ɪə, eə, ʊə, ə, ʊ/ To'g'ri javob: A) /iː, ɑː, ɔː, uː, ɜː/ ✔ 43. Krashen's acquisition–learning distinction holds that A) consciously learned knowledge does not turn into acquired knowledge B) learning and acquisition are the same C) learning is subconscious D) acquisition happens only in classrooms To'g'ri javob: A) consciously learned knowledge does not turn into acquired knowledge ✔ 44. Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development refers to A) what a learner can do alone B) a learner's native language level C) the gap between what a learner can do alone and with assistance D) the critical period for language acquisition To'g'ri javob: C) the gap between what a learner can do alone and with assistance ✔ 45. In which word does the primary stress fall on the third syllable? A) photograph B) photography C) photographic D) photographer To'g'ri javob: C) photographic ✔ 46. Which shows that “blackbird” is a compound, not a free phrase “black bird”? A) both elements are unstressed B) the stress falls on the second element C) the primary stress falls on the first element D) the vowel in “black” is reduced to /ə/ To'g'ri javob: C) the primary stress falls on the first element ✔ 47. Peter Newmark distinguished between A) semantic and communicative translation B) overt and covert translation C) formal and dynamic equivalence D) foreignization and domestication To'g'ri javob: A) semantic and communicative translation ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 122 48. Read the text: «Our flight was delayed by six hours, our luggage was lost, and the hotel had no record of our booking. What a start to a holiday!» The last sentence is ___. A) apologetic B) ironic C) enthusiastic D) neutral To'g'ri javob: B) ironic✔ 49. Translating an idiom «It's raining cats and dogs» with a target-language idiom of the same meaning is A) calque B) equivalence (in Vinay and Darbelnet's sense) C) borrowing D) literal translation To'g'ri javob: B) equivalence (in Vinay and Darbelnet's sense) ✔ 50. The vowel in “cat” /æ/ is ___. A) back, close, rounded B) front, close, unrounded C) front, open, unrounded D) central, mid, unrounded To'g'ri javob: C) front, open, unrounded ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 123 16-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Peer assessment means A) computers score essays B) teachers evaluate each other C) learners evaluate each other's work using criteria D) external examiners grade papers To'g'ri javob: C) learners evaluate each other's work using criteria✔ 2. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «Despite of the rain, we went for a walk.» A) Despite of B) for a walk C) the rain D) we went To'g'ri javob: A) Despite of ✔ 3. Which suffix is highly productive in Modern English? A) -th (warmth) B) -red (hatred) C) -ness (kindness) D) -lock (wedlock) To'g'ri javob: C) -ness (kindness) ✔ 4. The passive voice is often used in academic writing to A) add emotion B) avoid any verbs C) emphasize the action or result rather than the agent D) make texts more personal To'g'ri javob: C) emphasize the action or result rather than the agent ✔ 5. Which sentence avoids a comma splice? A) «The data were limited, the findings are tentative.» B) «The sample was small, it was not random.» C) «The results were clear; therefore, they supported the hypothesis.» D) «The results were clear, they supported the hypothesis.» To'g'ri javob: C) «The results were clear; therefore, they supported the hypothesis.» ✔ 6. A teacher interviews each student for five minutes using a fixed set of questions and a scale. This is A) a C-test B) an oral proficiency interview C) a cloze test D) a dictation To'g'ri javob: B) an oral proficiency interview ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 124 7. Washback (backwash) is A) a type of scoring rubric B) the return of test papers to students C) the effect of a test on teaching and learning D) a statistical measure of item difficulty To'g'ri javob: C) the effect of a test on teaching and learning✔ 8. Cohesion refers to A) the logical sense of a text as a whole B) the grammatical and lexical links that connect parts of a text C) the formatting of a text D) the number of sources cited To'g'ri javob: B) the grammatical and lexical links that connect parts of a text ✔ 9. Dynamic assessment, rooted in Vygotskian theory, involves A) only multiple-choice testing B) static testing without help C) integrating mediation and instruction into assessment D) machine scoring To'g'ri javob: C) integrating mediation and instruction into assessment ✔ 10. Words used by a particular social or professional group and not generally understood, are called ___. A) neologisms B) internationalisms C) jargonisms D) archaisms To'g'ri javob: C) jargonisms ✔ 11. A test with high reliability but measuring the wrong construct is A) reliable but not valid B) practical but unreliable C) valid but not reliable D) valid and reliable To'g'ri javob: A) reliable but not valid ✔ 12. The idea that there is no natural connection between the sound form of a word and its meaning is called ___. A) polysemy B) iconicity C) motivation D) arbitrariness To'g'ri javob: D) arbitrariness ✔ 13. Construct validity concerns A) test length B) the test's cost C) whether a test measures the theoretical ability it is designed to measure D) how a test looks To'g'ri javob: C) whether a test measures the theoretical ability it is designed to measure ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 125 14. Which linking expression introduces an additional supporting point? A) Despite this B) Moreover C) Otherwise D) In contrast To'g'ri javob: B) Moreover✔ 15. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «I'm agree with you about the plan.» A) you B) with C) about D) I'm agree To'g'ri javob: D) I'm agree ✔ 16. Conversation analysis studies features such as A) phoneme inventories B) turn-taking, adjacency pairs and repair C) verb conjugation D) the history of words To'g'ri javob: B) turn-taking, adjacency pairs and repair ✔ 17. A thesis statement in an academic essay A) lists all the sources used B) summarizes the conclusion of another author C) provides background statistics only D) states the main argument or claim of the essay To'g'ri javob: D) states the main argument or claim of the essay ✔ 18. In «Who wants tea? – I do.», the omission of «want tea» is A) substitution B) lexical repetition C) reference D) ellipsis To'g'ri javob: D) ellipsis ✔ 19. Words like “telephone”, “theatre”, “radio”, used in many languages with similar meaning, are called ___. A) archaisms B) barbarisms C) internationalisms D) dialectisms To'g'ri javob: C) internationalisms ✔ 20. Paraphrasing means A) copying a passage word for word with quotation marks B) summarizing your own ideas C) restating a source's ideas in your own words and structure, with citation D) translating a text literally To'g'ri javob: C) restating a source's ideas in your own words and structure, with citation ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 126 21. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «I didn't went to school yesterday because I was ill.» A) went B) didn't C) was D) because To'g'ri javob: A) went✔ 22. Choose the correct sentence (“it's time” + past). A) It's time you went to bed. B) It's time you go to bed already. C) It's time you will go to bed. D) It's time you have gone to bed. To'g'ri javob: A) It's time you went to bed. ✔ 23. Integrative tests such as dictation and cloze A) test one isolated element B) require learners to use several language components at once C) measure aptitude only D) are norm-referenced by definition To'g'ri javob: B) require learners to use several language components at once ✔ 24. “Holiday” originally meant “holy day” and now means any day of rest. This is ___. A) pejoration B) widening of meaning C) narrowing of meaning D) metonymy To'g'ri javob: B) widening of meaning ✔ 25. An item answered correctly by 98% of candidates has A) very high facility and limited discriminating power B) negative discrimination C) very high difficulty D) high construct validity To'g'ri javob: A) very high facility and limited discriminating power ✔ 26. Choose the correct sentence (agreement with neither ... nor). A) Neither John nor his friends were at the party. B) Neither John nor his friends was at the party. C) Neither John or his friends were at the party. D) Neither John nor his friends wasn't at the party. To'g'ri javob: A) Neither John nor his friends were at the party. ✔ 27. Which of the following words was borrowed from Scandinavian (Old Norse)? A) school B) table C) sky D) ballet To'g'ri javob: C) sky ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 127 28. A distractor that no candidate chooses is A) functioning well B) non-functioning and should be revised C) the correct answer D) a sign of high validity To'g'ri javob: B) non-functioning and should be revised✔ 29. Norman Fairclough is closely associated with A) Skopos theory B) the Audio-Lingual Method C) generative syntax D) Critical Discourse Analysis To'g'ri javob: D) Critical Discourse Analysis ✔ 30. Words such as “thou”, “thee” and “hath”, replaced by modern synonyms, are ___. A) dialectisms B) historisms C) neologisms D) archaisms To'g'ri javob: D) archaisms ✔ 31. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «I'm used to get up early, so it isn't a problem.» A) get B) used C) isn't D) early To'g'ri javob: A) get ✔ 32. The pair “buy – sell”, describing the same situation from opposite points of view, illustrates ___. A) gradable antonyms B) stylistic synonyms C) complementary antonyms D) converse antonyms (converses) To'g'ri javob: D) converse antonyms (converses) ✔ 33. A student wrote: «He has less friends than his brother.» Correct the sentence. A) He has few friends than his brother. B) He has lesser friends than his brother. C) He has less of friends than his brother. D) He has fewer friends than his brother. To'g'ri javob: D) He has fewer friends than his brother. ✔ 34. Which sentence is the most appropriately hedged for academic writing? A) «This proves that bilingualism makes children smarter.» B) «Bilingual children are always better.» C) «The findings suggest that bilingualism may be associated with enhanced executive control.» D) «Everybody knows bilingualism is great.» To'g'ri javob: C) «The findings suggest that bilingualism may be associated with enhanced ✔ executive control.» Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 128 35. Componential analysis is a method of ___. A) breaking word meaning into semes B) dividing words into morphemes C) studying the origin of words D) dividing sentences into immediate constituents To'g'ri javob: A) breaking word meaning into semes✔ 36. “NATO”, pronounced as a single word, is an example of ___. A) a clipping B) a blend C) an acronym D) an initialism pronounced letter by letter To'g'ri javob: C) an acronym ✔ 37. Choose the correct sentence (“would rather” + infinitive). A) I'd rather staying at home tonight. B) I'd rather stay at home tonight. C) I'd rather stayed at home tonight. D) I'd rather to stay at home tonight. To'g'ri javob: B) I'd rather stay at home tonight. ✔ 38. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «He suggested to go to the cinema after dinner.» A) to go B) after dinner C) suggested D) to the cinema To'g'ri javob: A) to go ✔ 39. Choose the correct sentence (superlatives with “one of”). A) He is one of the best students in our group. B) He is one of the better students of all our group. C) He is one of the best student in our group. D) He is one of best students in our group. To'g'ri javob: A) He is one of the best students in our group. ✔ 40. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «Can you explain me this rule?» A) Can B) you C) explain me D) rule To'g'ri javob: C) explain me ✔ 41. Item discrimination indicates A) how well an item distinguishes between high and low scorers B) how difficult an item is C) the item's length D) the number of options To'g'ri javob: A) how well an item distinguishes between high and low scorers ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 129 42. A student wrote: «Their going to visit there grandparents.» Correct the sentence. A) Their going to visit their grandparents. B) They're going to visit their grandparents. C) They're going to visit there grandparents. D) There going to visit their grandparents. To'g'ri javob: B) They're going to visit their grandparents.✔ 43. A student wrote: «I am interesting in history.» Correct the sentence. A) I interesting in history. B) I am interested in history. C) I am interest in history. D) I am interesting for history. To'g'ri javob: B) I am interested in history. ✔ 44. In a normal distribution, the mean, median and mode are A) equal B) all different C) unrelated D) always zero To'g'ri javob: A) equal ✔ 45. The conclusion of an academic essay should A) introduce new evidence not discussed before B) contain the methodology C) restate the main argument and synthesize key points D) list references To'g'ri javob: C) restate the main argument and synthesize key points ✔ 46. In “employer – employee”, the two words are related by ___. A) blending B) conversion C) back-formation D) suffixation To'g'ri javob: D) suffixation ✔ 47. In «Before he left, John locked the door», «he» refers forward to «John». This is A) substitution B) cataphora C) anaphora D) exophora To'g'ri javob: B) cataphora ✔ 48. Content validity is established by A) checking that test items represent the domain or syllabus being tested B) correlating scores with a later test C) calculating item difficulty D) measuring inter-rater agreement To'g'ri javob: A) checking that test items represent the domain or syllabus being tested ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 130 49. Which sentence would best serve as a thesis statement? A) «This essay is about social media.» B) «I like social media very much.» C) «Social media exists in many countries.» D) «Although social media connects people, its unregulated use undermines adolescents' concentration and wellbeing.» To'g'ri javob: D) «Although social media connects people, its unregulated use undermines ✔ adolescents' concentration and wellbeing.» 50. Synonyms that differ mainly in stylistic colouring, such as “begin – commence”, are called ___. A) contextual antonyms B) absolute synonyms C) ideographic synonyms D) stylistic synonyms To'g'ri javob: D) stylistic synonyms ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 131 17-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Could you ___ a photo of us in front of the castle? A) give B) take C) do D) make To'g'ri javob: B) take✔ 2. The epic poem «Beowulf» is written in A) Anglo-Norman B) Old Norse C) Middle English D) Old English To'g'ri javob: D) Old English ✔ 3. The Wars of the Roses were fought between the houses of A) Lancaster and York B) Windsor and Hanover C) Tudor and Stuart D) Plantagenet and Normandy To'g'ri javob: A) Lancaster and York ✔ 4. The Old English letter «þ» (thorn) represented the sound(s) A) /w/ B) /x/ C) /θ/ and /ð/ D) /ʃ/ To'g'ri javob: C) /θ/ and /ð/ ✔ 5. Verner's Law explains apparent exceptions to Grimm's Law by reference to A) the position of the PIE accent B) vowel length in the root C) the influence of Latin D) contact with Celtic To'g'ri javob: A) the position of the PIE accent ✔ 6. The national emblem of Wales is often represented by A) the thistle B) the leek or daffodil C) the rose D) the shamrock To'g'ri javob: B) the leek or daffodil ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 132 7. Unless you ___ right now, you'll miss the last bus. A) left B) leave C) will leave D) don't leave To'g'ri javob: B) leave✔ 8. What was a major effect of printing on the English language? A) It accelerated the fixing of spelling conventions B) It caused the Great Vowel Shift C) It replaced English with Latin D) It introduced grammatical gender To'g'ri javob: A) It accelerated the fixing of spelling conventions ✔ 9. The price of petrol has ___ sharply this month. A) raised B) rose C) arisen D) risen To'g'ri javob: D) risen ✔ 10. He asked me where ___. A) did I live B) had I lived C) do I live D) I lived To'g'ri javob: D) I lived ✔ 11. Don't worry: the letter ___ by the time the manager arrives at ten. A) has sent B) will be sending C) would send D) will have been sent To'g'ri javob: D) will have been sent ✔ 12. Independence Day in the US is celebrated on A) 11 November B) 4 July C) 1 July D) 14 July To'g'ri javob: B) 4 July ✔ 13. Under no circumstances ___ the laboratory door unlocked. A) leave you B) you leave C) you should leave D) should you leave To'g'ri javob: D) should you leave ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 133 14. “You've hit the nail on the head” means you have ___. A) worked very hard B) made a serious mistake C) offended someone D) described the situation exactly To'g'ri javob: D) described the situation exactly✔ 15. It's easy to ___ friends with people who share your interests. A) do B) get C) make D) take To'g'ri javob: C) make ✔ 16. The US Congress consists of A) the Electoral College and the Senate B) the House of Commons and the House of Lords C) the Cabinet and the Supreme Court D) the Senate and the House of Representatives To'g'ri javob: D) the Senate and the House of Representatives ✔ 17. Whether we go or not depends ___ the weather. A) in B) from C) of D) on To'g'ri javob: D) on ✔ 18. The match was ___ because of the heavy snow. A) called on B) called off C) called up D) called for To'g'ri javob: B) called off ✔ 19. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 resulted in A) the accession of William III and Mary II and the Bill of Rights 1689 B) the Norman Conquest C) the union with Scotland D) the execution of Charles I To'g'ri javob: A) the accession of William III and Mary II and the Bill of Rights 1689 ✔ 20. The principle by which each branch of US government can limit the others is called A) devolution B) parliamentary sovereignty C) unitary government D) checks and balances To'g'ri javob: D) checks and balances ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 134 21. The US President is formally elected by A) the Electoral College B) a direct national popular vote only C) the Supreme Court D) the Senate To'g'ri javob: A) the Electoral College✔ 22. He paid her a ___ on her excellent presentation. A) complement B) compliment C) complaint D) completion To'g'ri javob: B) compliment ✔ 23. I wish I ___ to the party last night; everyone says it was great. A) had gone B) would go C) went D) have gone To'g'ri javob: A) had gone ✔ 24. Which of these is a typical feature of Old English syntax compared to Modern English? A) relatively freer word order supported by inflections B) strictly fixed SVO order C) no verb agreement D) obligatory use of auxiliary «do» To'g'ri javob: A) relatively freer word order supported by inflections ✔ 25. I had my car ___ at the garage yesterday. A) to repair B) repaired C) repair D) repairing To'g'ri javob: B) repaired ✔ 26. It took him three weeks to ___ the flu. A) get over B) get away with C) get by D) get through to To'g'ri javob: A) get over ✔ 27. Choose the natural collocation for a downpour. A) heavy rain B) strong rain C) thick rain D) big rain To'g'ri javob: A) heavy rain ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 135 28. Neither the teacher nor the students ___ aware of the timetable change. A) was B) were C) is D) has been To'g'ri javob: B) were✔ 29. The number of seats in the US House of Representatives is fixed at A) 100 B) 50 C) 435 D) 538 To'g'ri javob: C) 435 ✔ 30. To which branch of the Indo-European family does English belong? A) Germanic B) Balto-Slavic C) Italic D) Celtic To'g'ri javob: A) Germanic ✔ 31. After the Norman Conquest, which language was mainly used by the aristocracy and in administration in England? A) Latin only B) Anglo-Norman French C) Old Norse D) West Saxon English To'g'ri javob: B) Anglo-Norman French ✔ 32. The term «Received Pronunciation» was popularized in the early 20th century by A) Daniel Jones B) Otto Jespersen C) Henry Sweet D) A. J. Ellis To'g'ri javob: A) Daniel Jones ✔ 33. The highest court in the United States is A) the Supreme Court B) the Court of Appeals C) the Federal Tribunal D) the High Court of Justice To'g'ri javob: A) the Supreme Court ✔ 34. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of A) Great Britain and the Channel Islands B) England, Scotland, Wales and the Republic of Ireland C) England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland D) England, Wales and Northern Ireland only To'g'ri javob: C) England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 136 35. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote «The Canterbury Tales» in A) Anglo-Norman B) Early Modern English C) the Northumbrian dialect of Old English D) the London dialect of Middle English To'g'ri javob: D) the London dialect of Middle English✔ 36. The thistle is the national emblem of A) Wales B) Scotland C) England D) Northern Ireland To'g'ri javob: B) Scotland ✔ 37. He isn't old ___ to drive a car. A) so B) such C) too D) enough To'g'ri javob: D) enough ✔ 38. Young teachers often can't afford ___ a new car. A) buy B) to buying C) buying D) to buy To'g'ri javob: D) to buy ✔ 39. The first President of the United States was A) Thomas Jefferson B) Abraham Lincoln C) George Washington D) John Adams To'g'ri javob: C) George Washington ✔ 40. Let me give you a piece of ___: never sign a contract without reading it. A) advise B) advice C) advices D) advising To'g'ri javob: B) advice ✔ 41. Irregular plurals like «feet», «geese» and «mice» result from A) Norse borrowing B) French influence C) i-mutation (umlaut) in Germanic D) the Great Vowel Shift To'g'ri javob: C) i-mutation (umlaut) in Germanic ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 137 42. It was ___ boring film that we left before the end. A) too B) a so C) such a D) so a To'g'ri javob: C) such a✔ 43. He firmly denied ___ the money from the safe. A) take B) taking C) to have took D) to take To'g'ri javob: B) taking ✔ 44. Not only ___ late, but he also forgot the tickets. A) he has been B) did he was C) he was D) was he To'g'ri javob: D) was he ✔ 45. The spread of English worldwide in the 17th–19th centuries was primarily due to A) the Reformation B) the Norman Conquest C) British colonial expansion and trade D) the Viking settlements To'g'ri javob: C) British colonial expansion and trade ✔ 46. A formal British letter begins “Dear Sir or Madam”. Which closing is conventional? A) Yours faithfully B) Cheers C) Yours sincerely D) Best wishes To'g'ri javob: A) Yours faithfully ✔ 47. The Great Vowel Shift is generally dated to approximately A) 800–900 B) 1750–1850 C) 1400–1700 D) 1000–1100 To'g'ri javob: C) 1400–1700 ✔ 48. Choose the word that best completes the sentence: “The company ___ a profit of two million dollars last year.” A) made B) won C) did D) earned up To'g'ri javob: A) made ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 138 49. The silent «k» in «knight» and «knee» shows that A) these words are French loans B) the /k/ was once pronounced and later lost C) the words came from Old Norse D) the letter was added by printers To'g'ri javob: B) the /k/ was once pronounced and later lost✔ 50. ___ is a serious problem in many industrial regions. (EMPLOY) A) Inemployment B) Unemployment C) Disemployment D) Misemployment To'g'ri javob: B) Unemployment ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 139 18-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Leonard Bloomfield is associated with A) cognitive linguistics B) American structuralism C) the Prague School D) generative semantics To'g'ri javob: B) American structuralism✔ 2. Newspaper headlines in English typically ___. A) use long complex sentences with subordinate clauses B) always use the past perfect C) avoid nouns and use mainly verbs D) omit articles and auxiliaries To'g'ri javob: D) omit articles and auxiliaries ✔ 3. “Talent Mr. Micawber has; money Mr. Micawber has not.” (C. Dickens) The device used is ___. A) stylistic inversion B) polysyndeton C) ellipsis D) zeugma To'g'ri javob: A) stylistic inversion ✔ 4. Received Pronunciation (RP) is a non-rhotic accent, which means that ___. A) /r/ is pronounced only before a vowel B) /r/ is pronounced in all positions C) /r/ is always pronounced as a trill D) /r/ is replaced by /l/ To'g'ri javob: A) /r/ is pronounced only before a vowel ✔ 5. Edgar Allan Poe is often credited with creating A) the modern detective story B) the dramatic monologue C) the sonnet sequence D) the historical novel To'g'ri javob: A) the modern detective story ✔ 6. The plural form “oxen” illustrates ___. A) a zero morpheme B) a morphologically conditioned allomorph C) suppletion D) a phonologically conditioned allomorph To'g'ri javob: B) a morphologically conditioned allomorph ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 140 7. “To err is human, to forgive divine” (A. Pope) is built mainly on ___. A) anaphora B) oxymoron C) antithesis D) simile To'g'ri javob: C) antithesis✔ 8. The rhyme scheme of the Shakespearean (English) sonnet is ___. A) aabb ccdd eeff gg B) abab bcbc cdcd ee C) abab cdcd efef gg D) abba abba cde cde To'g'ri javob: C) abab cdcd efef gg ✔ 9. Daniel Defoe's novel about a shipwrecked man is A) «Tom Jones» B) «Robinson Crusoe» C) «Pamela» D) «Gulliver's Travels» To'g'ri javob: B) «Robinson Crusoe» ✔ 10. Denotation refers to A) the core, literal meaning of a word B) the grammatical category C) the pronunciation D) emotional associations of a word To'g'ri javob: A) the core, literal meaning of a word ✔ 11. In the word «unhappiness», the number of morphemes is A) two B) four C) one D) three To'g'ri javob: D) three ✔ 12. The term «metaphysical poets» is most closely associated with A) Alexander Pope B) John Donne C) Alfred Tennyson D) William Blake To'g'ri javob: B) John Donne ✔ 13. Alexander Pope's preferred verse form was A) blank verse B) free verse C) the heroic couplet D) the ballad stanza To'g'ri javob: C) the heroic couplet ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 141 14. A grammatical category is best defined as ___. A) the set of syntactic functions of a sentence B) a class of words united by a common root C) a system of opposed forms expressing a general meaning D) a group of words with similar lexical meaning To'g'ri javob: C) a system of opposed forms expressing a general meaning✔ 15. In “A man came into the room”, which part is the rheme (the new information)? A) a man B) came C) into the room D) the room To'g'ri javob: A) a man ✔ 16. Words such as «here», «now», «I», «you» whose reference depends on context are examples of A) deixis B) anaphora only C) hyponymy D) collocation To'g'ri javob: A) deixis ✔ 17. Words like “commence”, “endeavour” and “sufficient” belong to the layer of ___. A) dialect words B) slang C) colloquial words D) bookish (learned) words To'g'ri javob: D) bookish (learned) words ✔ 18. The pronunciation of «handbag» as [hæmbæg] illustrates A) epenthesis B) metathesis C) dissimilation D) elision and assimilation To'g'ri javob: D) elision and assimilation ✔ 19. Words like “steed”, “woe” and “billow” belong to ___. A) neutral words B) professional terms C) slang D) poetic words To'g'ri javob: D) poetic words ✔ 20. Walt Whitman's «Leaves of Grass» is notable for its use of A) heroic couplets B) free verse C) strict iambic pentameter D) terza rima To'g'ri javob: B) free verse ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 142 21. James Joyce's «Ulysses» is famous for its use of A) stream of consciousness B) the epistolary form C) omniscient Victorian narration D) heroic couplets To'g'ri javob: A) stream of consciousness✔ 22. Who wrote «The Canterbury Tales»? A) Geoffrey Chaucer B) William Langland C) John Gower D) Thomas Malory To'g'ri javob: A) Geoffrey Chaucer ✔ 23. Dependency (valency) grammar is most closely associated with ___. A) Lucien Tesnière B) Henry Sweet C) Zellig Harris D) Ferdinand de Saussure To'g'ri javob: A) Lucien Tesnière ✔ 24. The repetition of similar vowel sounds in neighbouring words is called ___. A) assonance B) onomatopoeia C) consonance D) alliteration To'g'ri javob: A) assonance ✔ 25. In “I know that he is right”, the clause “that he is right” is ___. A) a subject clause B) a predicative clause C) an attributive clause D) an object clause To'g'ri javob: D) an object clause ✔ 26. A question asked not to obtain information but to make a statement emphatically is ___. A) a leading question B) an echo question C) a rhetorical question D) a disjunctive question To'g'ri javob: C) a rhetorical question ✔ 27. Immediate constituent (IC) analysis was developed mainly within ___. A) American descriptive linguistics B) transformational-generative grammar C) the Prague School D) systemic functional linguistics To'g'ri javob: A) American descriptive linguistics ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 143 28. Poetry without regular metre or rhyme is called ___. A) free verse (vers libre) B) a heroic couplet C) blank verse D) a limerick To'g'ri javob: A) free verse (vers libre)✔ 29. In “They elected him president”, the word “president” functions as ___. A) an adverbial modifier B) a direct object C) an object complement D) an indirect object To'g'ri javob: C) an object complement ✔ 30. A variety of language used according to situation, purpose or field (e.g. legal language) is a A) idiolect B) register C) sociolect D) dialect To'g'ri javob: B) register ✔ 31. “Time is a thief.” The stylistic device used here is ___. A) metonymy B) simile C) oxymoron D) metaphor To'g'ri javob: D) metaphor ✔ 32. Arthur Miller's «Death of a Salesman» centres on A) Blanche DuBois B) Jay Gatsby C) Willy Loman D) Tom Wingfield To'g'ri javob: C) Willy Loman ✔ 33. «Le Morte d'Arthur», a compilation of Arthurian legends, was written by A) Edmund Spenser B) Thomas Malory C) Chrétien de Troyes D) John Lydgate To'g'ri javob: B) Thomas Malory ✔ 34. Inflectional morphemes differ from derivational ones in that they ___. A) always change the part of speech B) build word forms, not new words C) are always prefixes D) carry the main lexical meaning To'g'ri javob: B) build word forms, not new words ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 144 35. The Beat Generation is associated with A) Poe and Irving B) Hemingway and Stein C) Frost and Sandburg D) Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg To'g'ri javob: D) Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg✔ 36. Forming «edit» from «editor» is an example of A) clipping B) compounding C) blending D) back-formation To'g'ri javob: D) back-formation ✔ 37. The vowel /iː/ in «see» is a A) high front vowel B) mid central vowel C) low back vowel D) high back rounded vowel To'g'ri javob: A) high front vowel ✔ 38. In “It is raining”, the pronoun “it” is ___. A) an anticipatory object B) a formal (impersonal) subject C) a predicative D) a demonstrative subject To'g'ri javob: B) a formal (impersonal) subject ✔ 39. The relationship between «wheel» and «car» is A) meronymy (part–whole) B) antonymy C) hyponymy D) synonymy To'g'ri javob: A) meronymy (part–whole) ✔ 40. The plural endings /s/, /z/ and /ɪz/ (cats, dogs, horses) are best described as ___. A) phonologically conditioned allomorphs B) suppletive forms C) morphologically conditioned allomorphs D) different morphemes To'g'ri javob: A) phonologically conditioned allomorphs ✔ 41. Nouns such as “scissors”, “trousers” and “tongs”, used only in the plural, are called ___. A) abstract nouns B) pluralia tantum C) singularia tantum D) collective nouns To'g'ri javob: B) pluralia tantum ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 145 42. The use of similar syntactic structures in two or more neighbouring sentences or clauses is called ___. A) ellipsis B) inversion C) parallelism D) detachment To'g'ri javob: C) parallelism✔ 43. Unrhymed iambic pentameter, used widely by Shakespeare and Milton, is called ___. A) free verse B) ballad metre C) heroic couplet D) blank verse To'g'ri javob: D) blank verse ✔ 44. The suffix «-er» in «teacher» is A) a derivational morpheme B) an inflectional morpheme C) a root D) a free morpheme To'g'ri javob: A) a derivational morpheme ✔ 45. F. Scott Fitzgerald's «The Great Gatsby» depicts A) the American Civil War B) the Great Depression in Oklahoma C) the Jazz Age of the 1920s D) the 1960s counterculture To'g'ri javob: C) the Jazz Age of the 1920s ✔ 46. Emily Dickinson's poems are characterized by A) blank verse dramas B) short lyrics, slant rhyme and dashes C) long epic narratives D) Spenserian stanzas To'g'ri javob: B) short lyrics, slant rhyme and dashes ✔ 47. «Bank» (financial institution) and «bank» (river side) are traditionally treated as A) polysemy B) meronymy C) homonymy D) hyponymy To'g'ri javob: C) homonymy ✔ 48. The aspirated [pʰ] in «pin» and unaspirated [p] in «spin» in English are A) minimal pairs B) separate phonemes C) morphemes D) allophones of /p/ To'g'ri javob: D) allophones of /p/ ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 146 49. The grammatical contrast “foot – feet” is expressed by ___. A) conversion B) suffixation C) suppletion D) inner inflection To'g'ri javob: D) inner inflection✔ 50. Theodore Dreiser and Stephen Crane are associated with A) Transcendentalism B) Southern Gothic C) American Naturalism D) the Beat Generation To'g'ri javob: C) American Naturalism ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 147 19-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. Explaining a cultural item with a descriptive phrase (e.g. «Thanksgiving» as «Amerikadagi Shukrona kuni bayrami») is A) descriptive translation B) omission C) transliteration only D) calque To'g'ri javob: A) descriptive translation✔ 2. The Audio-Lingual Method is theoretically based on A) behaviourist psychology and structural linguistics B) sociocultural theory C) cognitive constructivism D) humanistic psychology To'g'ri javob: A) behaviourist psychology and structural linguistics ✔ 3. Katharina Reiss's text typology classifies texts as informative, expressive and A) operative B) poetic C) technical D) narrative To'g'ri javob: A) operative ✔ 4. The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) describes proficiency in A) three stages B) four levels C) six levels from A1 to C2 D) ten bands To'g'ri javob: C) six levels from A1 to C2 ✔ 5. Which words are normally unstressed in an English sentence? A) articles, auxiliary verbs and prepositions B) nouns, main verbs and adjectives C) adverbs and numerals D) demonstrative pronouns used alone To'g'ri javob: A) articles, auxiliary verbs and prepositions ✔ 6. An advertisement is, in Reiss's typology, primarily an A) operative text B) audiomedial text only C) informative text D) expressive text To'g'ri javob: A) operative text ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 148 7. «Scaffolding» in language teaching means A) teaching only advanced learners B) correcting every error immediately C) testing students without help D) providing temporary support that is gradually withdrawn To'g'ri javob: D) providing temporary support that is gradually withdrawn✔ 8. The «unit of translation» is A) the linguistic segment the translator treats as a unit for finding an equivalent B) a paragraph C) always a single word D) always a sentence To'g'ri javob: A) the linguistic segment the translator treats as a unit for finding an equivalent ✔ 9. Concept checking questions (CCQs) are used to A) test pronunciation B) start a discussion C) check that learners understand the meaning of new language D) assess spelling To'g'ri javob: C) check that learners understand the meaning of new language ✔ 10. Jane Willis's Task-Based Learning framework consists of A) pre-task, task cycle and language focus B) presentation, practice, production C) engage, study, activate D) warm-up, drill, test To'g'ri javob: A) pre-task, task cycle and language focus ✔ 11. Which pair shows a stress difference distinguishing a noun from a verb? A) beˈgin – beˈginning B) ˈimport (n) – imˈport (v) C) ˈhappy – ˈhappier D) ˈtable – ˈtables To'g'ri javob: B) ˈimport (n) – imˈport (v) ✔ 12. Which consonant in RP occurs only before vowels and never at the end of a syllable? A) /θ/ B) /ʒ/ C) /h/ D) /ŋ/ To'g'ri javob: C) /h/ ✔ 13. Read the text: «To reduce waste, the café now gives a discount to customers who bring their own cups.» Why does the café give a discount? A) to attract more children B) because it is closing down C) because its cups are expensive D) to encourage customers to reduce waste To'g'ri javob: D) to encourage customers to reduce waste ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 149 14. Suggestopedia, which uses relaxation and music to lower anxiety, is associated with A) Charles Curran B) Georgi Lozanov C) David Wilkins D) Michael Lewis To'g'ri javob: B) Georgi Lozanov✔ 15. Translating «honeymoon» into Russian as «медовый месяц» is an example of A) borrowing B) a calque (loan translation) C) modulation D) omission To'g'ri javob: B) a calque (loan translation) ✔ 16. According to Skopos theory, translation decisions are primarily determined by A) the purpose (skopos) of the target text B) the source text form C) dictionary equivalents D) the author's intention only To'g'ri javob: A) the purpose (skopos) of the target text ✔ 17. In a substitution drill, the teacher says «I like tea» and then gives the cue «coffee». Students respond A) «Coffee is good.» B) «Do you like tea?» C) «I liked tea.» D) «I like coffee.» To'g'ri javob: D) «I like coffee.» ✔ 18. Read the text: «The bridge is closed to heavy vehicles. Cars and bicycles may continue as usual.» Who cannot use the bridge? A) lorries B) cyclists C) pedestrians D) car drivers To'g'ri javob: A) lorries ✔ 19. A «calque» differs from a borrowing in that a calque A) adds explanation B) changes the point of view C) translates the components of the expression literally D) imports the word unchanged To'g'ri javob: C) translates the components of the expression literally ✔ 20. In RP, the /r/ heard in “far away” /fɑːr əˈweɪ/ is an example of ___. A) a flap B) a trill C) linking r D) intrusive r To'g'ri javob: C) linking r ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 150 21. According to Krashen's Affective Filter Hypothesis, acquisition is hindered by A) authentic materials B) anxiety and low self-confidence C) high motivation D) rich input To'g'ri javob: B) anxiety and low self-confidence✔ 22. Read the text: «Mobile phones have made communication easier, yet some people complain that families now talk less at the dinner table.» What contrast does the text make? A) cheap phones versus expensive phones B) young people versus old people C) easy contact versus less family talk D) work versus holidays To'g'ri javob: C) easy contact versus less family talk ✔ 23. Read the text: «The town's old cinema, closed for twenty years, has reopened as a community arts centre. It now hosts exhibitions, concerts and workshops for children.» What happened to the old cinema? A) it became a shopping mall B) it was demolished C) it was turned into an arts centre D) it started showing films again To'g'ri javob: C) it was turned into an arts centre ✔ 24. Swain's Output Hypothesis argues that A) learners should remain silent at first B) producing language helps learners notice gaps in their knowledge C) only written output matters D) output has no role in acquisition To'g'ri javob: B) producing language helps learners notice gaps in their knowledge ✔ 25. Graded readers are A) test papers B) texts simplified to suit learners' language level C) grammar workbooks D) pronunciation dictionaries To'g'ri javob: B) texts simplified to suit learners' language level ✔ 26. Read the text: «Every morning, rain or shine, old Mr. Green walked his dog around the lake.» The phrase “rain or shine” means ___. A) only on sunny days B) only when it rained C) early in the morning D) whatever the weather To'g'ri javob: D) whatever the weather ✔ 27. The consonant /θ/ (as in “think”) is described as ___. A) a voiceless dental fricative B) a voiced dental fricative C) a voiceless labiodental fricative D) a voiceless alveolar plosive To'g'ri javob: A) a voiceless dental fricative ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 151 28. The opposite of “generous” is ___. A) brave B) mean C) rich D) kind To'g'ri javob: B) mean✔ 29. A syllable is traditionally analysed into ___. A) onset, nucleus and coda B) theme and rheme C) head and modifier D) root, stem and affix To'g'ri javob: A) onset, nucleus and coda ✔ 30. The consonant /ʒ/ (as in “measure”) is ___. A) a voiced palato-alveolar fricative B) a voiced alveolar fricative C) a voiceless palato-alveolar fricative D) a voiced palato-alveolar affricate To'g'ri javob: A) a voiced palato-alveolar fricative ✔ 31. Relay interpreting is when A) two interpreters alternate every 30 minutes B) the interpreter repeats the source C) a machine translates speech D) one interpreter works from another interpreter's output rather than from the original To'g'ri javob: D) one interpreter works from another interpreter's output rather than from the ✔ original 32. The product approach to writing typically involves A) free writing without correction B) brainstorming without models C) peer conferencing only D) imitating a model text To'g'ri javob: D) imitating a model text ✔ 33. Untranslatability is often discussed in relation to A) numbers B) proper names in international use C) culture-specific items and wordplay D) technical terms with fixed equivalents To'g'ri javob: C) culture-specific items and wordplay ✔ 34. The sound /ŋ/ (as in “sing”) is ___. A) a bilabial nasal B) an alveolar nasal C) a velar plosive D) a velar nasal To'g'ri javob: D) a velar nasal ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 152 35. When an error becomes permanently established in a learner's interlanguage, this is called A) overgeneralization B) avoidance C) transfer D) fossilization To'g'ri javob: D) fossilization✔ 36. Which group consists of RP centring diphthongs? A) /iː, uː, ɑː/ B) /eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ/ C) /əʊ, aʊ/ D) /ɪə, eə, ʊə/ To'g'ri javob: D) /ɪə, eə, ʊə/ ✔ 37. Read the text: «Jack promised to call as soon as he landed. By midnight his phone was still switched off, and his mother couldn't sleep.» How did Jack's mother probably feel? A) relieved B) worried C) amused D) bored To'g'ri javob: B) worried ✔ 38. Read the text: «Although she was offered a well-paid job in the capital, Malika chose to return to her village to work as a doctor there.» What can be inferred about Malika? A) she disliked medicine B) she wanted a higher salary C) she could not find a job in the capital D) she put her community before money To'g'ri javob: D) she put her community before money ✔ 39. Using the English word «weekend» unchanged in a Russian or Uzbek text is an example of A) transposition B) compensation C) borrowing D) modulation To'g'ri javob: C) borrowing ✔ 40. Sight translation means A) interpreting with no notes B) oral translation of a written text C) translating sign language D) written translation of an oral speech To'g'ri javob: B) oral translation of a written text ✔ 41. The RP transcription of “thought” is ___. A) /θəʊt/ B) /θaʊt/ C) /θɔːt/ D) /ðɔːt/ To'g'ri javob: C) /θɔːt/ ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 153 42. In English, the voiceless plosives /p, t, k/ are most strongly aspirated ___. A) at the end of a word B) between two unstressed vowels C) at the beginning of a stressed syllable D) after /s/ in the same syllable To'g'ri javob: C) at the beginning of a stressed syllable✔ 43. Learner autonomy refers to A) learners taking responsibility for their own learning B) learning without a syllabus C) using only the mother tongue D) teacher-centred instruction To'g'ri javob: A) learners taking responsibility for their own learning ✔ 44. Eugene Nida distinguished between formal equivalence and A) dynamic equivalence B) textual equivalence C) semantic correspondence D) lexical equivalence To'g'ri javob: A) dynamic equivalence ✔ 45. Read the text: «Children who read for pleasure tend to perform better at school, not only in language subjects but also in mathematics.» What does the text suggest? A) reading for fun aids school success B) children should read only textbooks C) mathematics is more important than reading D) language subjects are too difficult To'g'ri javob: A) reading for fun aids school success ✔ 46. Read the text: «Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world's population, especially in Asia.» In this text, “staple” means ___. A) rare B) main, basic C) expensive D) imported To'g'ri javob: B) main, basic ✔ 47. Read the text: «The concert has been postponed due to the singer's illness. All tickets will remain valid for the new date, which will be announced shortly.» What do we know about the new date? A) it is next Saturday B) it is in another city C) it will be in a month D) it has not been announced yet To'g'ri javob: D) it has not been announced yet ✔ 48. Read the text: «Keep this medicine out of the reach of children. Store below 25°C.» This text is most likely ___. A) a newspaper headline B) a school timetable C) a medicine label D) a restaurant menu To'g'ri javob: C) a medicine label ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 154 49. In General American, /t/ in “water” is often realized as ___. A) a glottal stop [ʔ] B) a flap (tap) [ɾ] C) an aspirated [tʰ] D) a fricative [θ] To'g'ri javob: B) a flap (tap) [ɾ]✔ 50. Read the text: «Thanks to a new irrigation system, farmers in the region now harvest twice as much cotton as before.» What is the result of the new system? A) a larger harvest B) fewer farmers C) less work for farmers D) lower cotton prices To'g'ri javob: A) a larger harvest ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 155 20-variant Test topshiriqlari • bitta to'g'ri javob (har biri 2 ball) 1. “Villain” originally meant “a farm worker” but later came to mean “a scoundrel”. This is ___. A) narrowing of meaning B) widening of meaning C) pejoration of meaning D) amelioration of meaning To'g'ri javob: C) pejoration of meaning✔ 2. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «She asked me where was the station.» A) asked B) was the station C) where D) me To'g'ri javob: B) was the station ✔ 3. A student wrote: «Between you and I, the plan won't work.» What is the correct version? A) Between you and me, the plan won't work. B) Between you or me, the plan won't work. C) Between you and myself, the plan won't work. D) Between I and you, the plan won't work. To'g'ri javob: A) Between you and me, the plan won't work. ✔ 4. John Swales's CARS model describes the structure of A) conclusions B) reference lists C) research article introductions D) abstracts of books To'g'ri javob: C) research article introductions ✔ 5. The emotive, evaluative and stylistic components of word meaning are called ___. A) reference B) denotation C) connotation D) distribution To'g'ri javob: C) connotation ✔ 6. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «Everybody have to bring their own lunch tomorrow.» A) bring B) Everybody C) tomorrow D) have To'g'ri javob: D) have ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 156 7. The verb “to water” (the flowers), formed from the noun “water” without any affix, is an example of ___. A) blending B) back-formation C) compounding D) conversion To'g'ri javob: D) conversion✔ 8. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «He drives more careful than his brother.» A) more B) than C) drives D) careful To'g'ri javob: D) careful ✔ 9. The antonyms “hot – cold”, which allow intermediate terms (warm, cool), are ___. A) gradable (contrary) antonyms B) derivational antonyms C) converse antonyms D) complementary antonyms To'g'ri javob: A) gradable (contrary) antonyms ✔ 10. “An American Dictionary of the English Language” (1828) was compiled by ___. A) Noah Webster B) Henry Sweet C) Samuel Johnson D) Daniel Jones To'g'ri javob: A) Noah Webster ✔ 11. A student's essay has good ideas but jumps between topics without transitions. The main weakness is A) spelling B) coherence and cohesion C) vocabulary range only D) citation style To'g'ri javob: B) coherence and cohesion ✔ 12. Which is a feature of discourse analysis? A) studying isolated phonemes B) studying only morphology C) studying only spelling D) studying language beyond the sentence level in context To'g'ri javob: D) studying language beyond the sentence level in context ✔ 13. A newly coined word or a new meaning of an existing word is called ___. A) a barbarism B) a neologism C) a historism D) an archaism To'g'ri javob: B) a neologism ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 157 14. The lexical meaning of “table” (piece of furniture) as opposed to its plural meaning in “tables” is studied as ___. A) synonymy versus antonymy B) lexical versus grammatical meaning C) homonymy versus polysemy D) denotation versus connotation To'g'ri javob: B) lexical versus grammatical meaning✔ 15. A placement test is primarily used to A) assign students to appropriate levels or classes B) certify proficiency for employment C) identify specific learning disabilities D) measure achievement of a syllabus at the end of a course To'g'ri javob: A) assign students to appropriate levels or classes ✔ 16. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «When I arrived, the meeting already finished.» A) already finished B) arrived C) When D) the meeting To'g'ri javob: A) already finished ✔ 17. Choose the correct sentence (past simple questions). A) Where you did buy that dress? B) Where did you bought that dress? C) Where did you buy that dress? D) Where you bought that dress? To'g'ri javob: C) Where did you buy that dress? ✔ 18. Criterion-referenced tests interpret scores A) relative to other candidates B) using bell curves C) against predetermined standards of performance D) as percentile ranks only To'g'ri javob: C) against predetermined standards of performance ✔ 19. A student wrote: «She speaks English very good.» Correct the sentence. A) She speaks English very well. B) She speaks very good English language. C) She speaks English very goodly. D) She very good speaks English. To'g'ri javob: A) She speaks English very well. ✔ 20. Which features are most typical of the style of official documents? A) set phrases, terms and no emotiveness B) emotive imagery, metaphors and slang C) rhyme, metre and inversion D) elliptical sentences and interjections To'g'ri javob: A) set phrases, terms and no emotiveness ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 158 21. The IELTS test reports results on a scale of A) A1 to C2 only B) 0 to 9 bands C) 0 to 120 points D) 1 to 5 grades To'g'ri javob: B) 0 to 9 bands✔ 22. A block quotation is usually used for A) longer quotations (e.g. 40 words or more in APA) B) paraphrases C) summaries D) quotations of one word To'g'ri javob: A) longer quotations (e.g. 40 words or more in APA) ✔ 23. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «Do you know what time does the film start?» A) Do you know B) does the film start C) time D) what To'g'ri javob: B) does the film start ✔ 24. Direct testing means A) candidates perform the actual skill being measured, e.g. writing an essay B) using translation C) testing via multiple choice only D) testing subskills in isolation To'g'ri javob: A) candidates perform the actual skill being measured, e.g. writing an essay ✔ 25. A student wrote: «Walking down the street, the trees looked beautiful.» What is wrong with the sentence? A) the participle is dangling: the trees were not walking B) the verb “looked” should be “look” C) “down” should be “on” D) “beautiful” should be “beautifully” To'g'ri javob: A) the participle is dangling: the trees were not walking ✔ 26. In Swales's CARS model, the first move is A) establishing a territory B) establishing a niche C) occupying the niche D) presenting results To'g'ri javob: A) establishing a territory ✔ 27. A school's final exam tests only grammar via multiple choice, and teachers stop teaching speaking. This illustrates A) positive washback B) high face validity C) inter-rater reliability D) negative washback To'g'ri javob: D) negative washback ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 159 28. An abstract of a research article is A) the acknowledgements section B) the list of references C) a detailed literature review D) a brief summary of the study's purpose, methods, results and conclusions To'g'ri javob: D) a brief summary of the study's purpose, methods, results and conclusions✔ 29. «Because the sample was small.» written as a sentence on its own is A) a fragment B) a run-on sentence C) a compound sentence D) a complex sentence To'g'ri javob: A) a fragment ✔ 30. Hedging in academic writing refers to A) using informal language B) making very strong claims C) repeating the thesis D) using cautious language such as «may», «suggest», «possibly» to qualify claims To'g'ri javob: D) using cautious language such as «may», «suggest», «possibly» to qualify claims ✔ 31. A sentence fragment is A) an incomplete sentence lacking a main clause B) a complete sentence with a subject and finite verb C) a sentence with two clauses D) a quotation To'g'ri javob: A) an incomplete sentence lacking a main clause ✔ 32. The Modern Language Aptitude Test (MLAT) was designed to measure A) writing ability B) current proficiency C) potential ability to learn a foreign language D) achievement in a course To'g'ri javob: C) potential ability to learn a foreign language ✔ 33. Piloting (pretesting) a test is done in order to A) identify problematic items before live use B) increase cheating C) reduce the number of students D) replace validation To'g'ri javob: A) identify problematic items before live use ✔ 34. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «The police is investigating the robbery.» A) police B) robbery C) investigating D) is To'g'ri javob: D) is ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 160 35. When quoting a source directly, you must A) omit the author's name B) put the exact words in quotation marks and cite the source C) use italics without citation D) change some words To'g'ri javob: B) put the exact words in quotation marks and cite the source✔ 36. A student wrote: «I could of helped you if you had asked.» Correct the sentence. A) I could have helped you if you had asked. B) I could of help you if you asked. C) I could helped you if you had asked. D) I could had helped you if you had asked. To'g'ri javob: A) I could have helped you if you had asked. ✔ 37. Which part of the sentence contains an error? «Hardly I had sat down when the phone rang.» A) sat down B) rang C) when D) Hardly I had To'g'ri javob: D) Hardly I had ✔ 38. A diagnostic test aims to A) predict job success B) certify final achievement C) identify learners' specific strengths and weaknesses D) rank learners To'g'ri javob: C) identify learners' specific strengths and weaknesses ✔ 39. A student changes a few words of a source sentence but keeps its structure and gives no citation. This is A) acceptable paraphrase B) patchwriting / plagiarism C) summary D) a direct quotation To'g'ri javob: B) patchwriting / plagiarism ✔ 40. Test–retest reliability is estimated by A) analysing distractors B) splitting the test into halves C) comparing two raters D) giving the same test twice to the same group and correlating scores To'g'ri javob: D) giving the same test twice to the same group and correlating scores ✔ 41. In the word “unbelievable”, the root morpheme is ___. A) unbeliev- B) un- C) believe D) -able To'g'ri javob: C) believe ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 161 42. A teacher keeps samples of students' writing over a semester to show progress. This is A) a norm-referenced test B) an aptitude test C) a portfolio assessment D) a cloze test To'g'ri javob: C) a portfolio assessment✔ 43. Polysemy is ___. A) the existence of several related meanings within one word B) the existence of different words with the same sound form C) the use of a word in a figurative sense only D) the borrowing of a word with several meanings To'g'ri javob: A) the existence of several related meanings within one word ✔ 44. Intra-rater reliability refers to A) item discrimination B) consistency of the same rater on different occasions C) agreement between two raters D) correlation between test and retest To'g'ri javob: B) consistency of the same rater on different occasions ✔ 45. The change of “asparagus” into the popular form “sparrow-grass” illustrates ___. A) conversion B) folk etymology C) blending D) back-formation To'g'ri javob: B) folk etymology ✔ 46. Validity in language testing refers to A) how easy a test is to administer B) the consistency of test scores C) the effect of a test on teaching D) the extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure To'g'ri javob: D) the extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure ✔ 47. Which is the AmE equivalent of the BrE word “petrol”? A) diesel B) oil C) fuel tank D) gas (gasoline) To'g'ri javob: D) gas (gasoline) ✔ 48. Words similar in sound and spelling but different in meaning and often confused, such as “affect – effect”, are called ___. A) synonyms B) paronyms C) homonyms proper D) antonyms To'g'ri javob: B) paronyms ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 162 49. Proficiency tests such as IELTS measure A) language learning aptitude B) mastery of a specific textbook C) general language ability regardless of any particular course D) classroom participation To'g'ri javob: C) general language ability regardless of any particular course✔ 50. «Signposting» in academic texts means A) using footnotes only B) citing road signs C) adding pictures D) using expressions that guide the reader through the structure of the text To'g'ri javob: D) using expressions that guide the reader through the structure of the text ✔ Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 163 Javoblar kaliti Har bir variant bo'yicha: topshiriq raqami va to'g'ri javob. 1-variant 1- C 2- B 3- B 4- B 5- B 6- C 7- A 8- D 9- C 10- B 11- C 12- D 13- A 14- B 15- B 16- C 17- D 18- D 19- C 20- A 21- B 22- D 23- B 24- D 25- C 26- A 27- C 28- C 29- C 30- D 31- B 32- A 33- C 34- B 35- C 36- C 37- B 38- C 39- D 40- D 41- D 42- B 43- B 44- D 45- C 46- B 47- C 48- A 49- C 50- C 2-variant 1- B 2- D 3- C 4- C 5- C 6- B 7- C 8- B 9- B 10- A 11- C 12- A 13- A 14- D 15- D 16- C 17- A 18- C 19- B 20- D 21- C 22- D 23- C 24- B 25- A 26- B 27- C 28- B 29- A 30- C 31- A 32- B 33- C 34- C 35- C 36- C 37- A 38- B 39- A 40- D 41- A 42- C 43- D 44- D 45- A 46- D 47- B 48- D 49- C 50- B 3-variant 1- B 2- B 3- C 4- D 5- B 6- A 7- D 8- C 9- C 10- C 11- C 12- B 13- A 14- B 15- D 16- C 17- A 18- A 19- B 20- C 21- B 22- A 23- A 24- C 25- C 26- A 27- A 28- C 29- D 30- D 31- D 32- A 33- A 34- A 35- B 36- A 37- B 38- A 39- D 40- D 41- A 42- D 43- D 44- D 45- D 46- C 47- A 48- C 49- D 50- C 4-variant 1- A 2- D 3- C 4- D 5- C 6- B 7- D 8- B 9- C 10- A 11- A 12- D 13- C 14- B 15- B 16- C 17- B 18- A 19- B 20- D 21- A 22- A 23- C 24- D 25- D 26- C 27- B 28- C 29- A 30- B 31- A 32- A 33- B 34- A 35- A 36- B 37- B 38- B 39- B 40- D 41- D 42- B 43- A 44- B 45- C 46- D 47- A 48- B 49- B 50- A 5-variant 1- A 2- D 3- C 4- C 5- B 6- B 7- A 8- A 9- C 10- B 11- C 12- A 13- D 14- B 15- D 16- B 17- B 18- A 19- A 20- A 21- B 22- B 23- A 24- B 25- B 26- D 27- A 28- B 29- A 30- C 31- D 32- A 33- B 34- B 35- B 36- A 37- D 38- C 39- B 40- B 41- C 42- A 43- C 44- C 45- A 46- A 47- C 48- B 49- C 50- A 6-variant 1- C 2- A 3- D 4- A 5- C 6- B 7- D 8- D 9- D 10- C 11- A 12- A 13- A 14- B 15- B 16- D 17- D 18- A 19- B 20- A 21- C 22- A 23- A 24- A 25- A 26- D 27- D 28- A 29- A 30- C 31- A 32- B 33- A 34- B 35- A 36- C 37- B 38- B 39- C 40- B Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 164 41- B 42- B 43- D 44- A 45- B 46- B 47- D 48- B 49- C 50- B 7-variant 1- C 2- B 3- C 4- C 5- D 6- C 7- B 8- C 9- D 10- D 11- C 12- B 13- D 14- A 15- C 16- C 17- C 18- A 19- D 20- B 21- C 22- A 23- D 24- B 25- A 26- C 27- D 28- C 29- B 30- A 31- A 32- B 33- C 34- B 35- A 36- A 37- D 38- C 39- D 40- C 41- D 42- A 43- C 44- C 45- D 46- A 47- A 48- A 49- C 50- C 8-variant 1- D 2- C 3- B 4- D 5- B 6- B 7- B 8- B 9- A 10- D 11- D 12- A 13- A 14- C 15- A 16- A 17- B 18- A 19- C 20- C 21- D 22- B 23- A 24- D 25- A 26- C 27- D 28- B 29- B 30- D 31- A 32- B 33- A 34- B 35- C 36- C 37- D 38- B 39- D 40- B 41- A 42- D 43- B 44- D 45- D 46- A 47- A 48- D 49- B 50- C 9-variant 1- A 2- C 3- A 4- D 5- D 6- B 7- B 8- C 9- D 10- C 11- D 12- A 13- A 14- C 15- D 16- B 17- D 18- B 19- D 20- B 21- D 22- C 23- D 24- D 25- B 26- B 27- C 28- B 29- D 30- B 31- D 32- B 33- A 34- A 35- A 36- A 37- C 38- A 39- A 40- B 41- A 42- C 43- D 44- B 45- C 46- D 47- A 48- B 49- B 50- B 10-variant 1- A 2- A 3- A 4- D 5- D 6- B 7- B 8- B 9- C 10- A 11- C 12- D 13- D 14- A 15- A 16- C 17- D 18- D 19- C 20- A 21- C 22- D 23- B 24- B 25- B 26- D 27- D 28- D 29- A 30- C 31- C 32- D 33- B 34- B 35- B 36- C 37- D 38- B 39- B 40- A 41- D 42- A 43- C 44- B 45- C 46- A 47- C 48- B 49- C 50- D 11-variant 1- A 2- D 3- C 4- B 5- D 6- D 7- A 8- B 9- B 10- A 11- A 12- A 13- D 14- B 15- D 16- B 17- D 18- D 19- D 20- A 21- B 22- B 23- B 24- D 25- B 26- A 27- C 28- B 29- D 30- C 31- A 32- C 33- A 34- B 35- C 36- C 37- C 38- C 39- A 40- C 41- D 42- A 43- C 44- C 45- A 46- C 47- A 48- A 49- B 50- A 12-variant 1- C 2- B 3- C 4- D 5- B 6- C 7- B 8- B 9- C 10- B 11- D 12- B 13- D 14- A 15- B 16- A 17- C 18- A 19- C 20- C 21- D 22- B 23- C 24- D 25- C 26- D 27- A 28- B 29- A 30- C 31- B 32- D 33- A 34- C 35- D 36- D 37- D 38- D 39- C 40- A 41- A 42- C 43- B 44- A 45- A 46- B 47- B 48- B 49- A 50- B Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 165 13-variant 1- B 2- D 3- B 4- D 5- D 6- C 7- A 8- B 9- C 10- D 11- B 12- B 13- A 14- A 15- C 16- B 17- C 18- B 19- C 20- A 21- A 22- A 23- D 24- D 25- D 26- A 27- B 28- C 29- A 30- C 31- D 32- A 33- D 34- A 35- B 36- D 37- B 38- C 39- D 40- B 41- B 42- B 43- B 44- B 45- B 46- B 47- A 48- D 49- D 50- D 14-variant 1- C 2- C 3- B 4- B 5- A 6- D 7- A 8- A 9- A 10- D 11- A 12- A 13- C 14- C 15- D 16- D 17- D 18- B 19- C 20- B 21- A 22- C 23- A 24- A 25- A 26- C 27- A 28- C 29- C 30- A 31- D 32- C 33- B 34- A 35- B 36- C 37- C 38- A 39- C 40- C 41- B 42- B 43- A 44- D 45- B 46- B 47- C 48- A 49- C 50- D 15-variant 1- D 2- D 3- B 4- A 5- D 6- C 7- A 8- A 9- A 10- B 11- B 12- D 13- B 14- D 15- B 16- C 17- D 18- D 19- A 20- C 21- A 22- C 23- D 24- C 25- C 26- B 27- C 28- D 29- A 30- D 31- A 32- C 33- D 34- A 35- B 36- A 37- C 38- A 39- B 40- C 41- A 42- A 43- A 44- C 45- C 46- C 47- A 48- B 49- B 50- C 16-variant 1- C 2- A 3- C 4- C 5- C 6- B 7- C 8- B 9- C 10- C 11- A 12- D 13- C 14- B 15- D 16- B 17- D 18- D 19- C 20- C 21- A 22- A 23- B 24- B 25- A 26- A 27- C 28- B 29- D 30- D 31- A 32- D 33- D 34- C 35- A 36- C 37- B 38- A 39- A 40- C 41- A 42- B 43- B 44- A 45- C 46- D 47- B 48- A 49- D 50- D 17-variant 1- B 2- D 3- A 4- C 5- A 6- B 7- B 8- A 9- D 10- D 11- D 12- B 13- D 14- D 15- C 16- D 17- D 18- B 19- A 20- D 21- A 22- B 23- A 24- A 25- B 26- A 27- A 28- B 29- C 30- A 31- B 32- A 33- A 34- C 35- D 36- B 37- D 38- D 39- C 40- B 41- C 42- C 43- B 44- D 45- C 46- A 47- C 48- A 49- B 50- B 18-variant 1- B 2- D 3- A 4- A 5- A 6- B 7- C 8- C 9- B 10- A 11- D 12- B 13- C 14- C 15- A 16- A 17- D 18- D 19- D 20- B 21- A 22- A 23- A 24- A 25- D 26- C 27- A 28- A 29- C 30- B 31- D 32- C 33- B 34- B 35- D 36- D 37- A 38- B 39- A 40- A 41- B 42- C 43- D 44- A 45- C 46- B 47- C 48- D 49- D 50- C Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 166 19-variant 1- A 2- A 3- A 4- C 5- A 6- A 7- D 8- A 9- C 10- A 11- B 12- C 13- D 14- B 15- B 16- A 17- D 18- A 19- C 20- C 21- B 22- C 23- C 24- B 25- B 26- D 27- A 28- B 29- A 30- A 31- D 32- D 33- C 34- D 35- D 36- D 37- B 38- D 39- C 40- B 41- C 42- C 43- A 44- A 45- A 46- B 47- D 48- C 49- B 50- A 20-variant 1- C 2- B 3- A 4- C 5- C 6- D 7- D 8- D 9- A 10- A 11- B 12- D 13- B 14- B 15- A 16- A 17- C 18- C 19- A 20- A 21- B 22- A 23- B 24- A 25- A 26- A 27- D 28- D 29- A 30- D 31- A 32- C 33- A 34- D 35- B 36- A 37- D 38- C 39- B 40- D 41- C 42- C 43- A 44- B 45- B 46- D 47- D 48- B 49- C 50- D Ingliz filologiyasi — nostrifikatsiya mashq variantlari | 167

FILOLOGIYA: INGLIZ TILI

Nostrifikatsiya (xorijiy diplomni tan olish) test sinoviga tayyorgarlik: variantlar to'plami (2025–2026)

20 ta variant • 1000 ta topshiriq • javoblari bilan

Mashq to'plami • 2025–2026 o'quv yili

Imtihon tuzilishi va yo'riqnoma

• Nostrifikatsiya — xorijiy davlatda olingan ta'lim hujjatini O'zbekistonda tan olish (ekvivalentligini qayd etish). Arizalar my.gov.uz yoki Davlat xizmatlari markazlari orqali beriladi; test sinovini Bilimni baholash agentligi o'tkazadi.

• Test faqat oliy ta'lim (va qayta tayyorlash) hujjatlari bo'yicha, ekspert xulosasi ijobiy bo'lgandan keyin o'tkaziladi. Test arizachining mutaxassisligi bo'yicha olinadi.

• Format: 50 ta test savoli, 100 daqiqa (har bir savolga ~2 daqiqa). Har bir to'g'ri javob — 2 ball, maksimal — 100 ball. Tan olish uchun 56 ball (kamida 28 ta to'g'ri javob) talab qilinadi; o'tolmagan talabgor qayta ro'yxatdan o'tib, testni qayta topshirishi mumkin.

• 2026-yil kuzgi sessiyalar: 15-oktyabr, 29-oktyabr, 12-noyabr, 26-noyabr, 10-dekabr, 24- dekabr. Ishtirokchilar ro'yxati har sessiyadan kamida 3 kun oldin e'lon qilinadi; ro'yxatni my.gov.uz yoki Davlat xizmatlari markazlarida ariza raqami bo'yicha tekshirish mumkin. Pasport yoki ID-karta bilan o'z vaqtida keling.

• Testsiz tan olinadiganlar: QS, THE yoki ARWU reytinglarining TOP-1000 taligiga kiruvchi OTM bitiruvchilari, xalqaro shartnomalar yoki hukumat qarorlari asosida o'qiganlar, O'zbekistondagi xorijiy OTM filiallari bitiruvchilari va boshqa belgilangan toifalar.

• To'plam tuzilishi: 20 ta variant × 50 savol. Har bir variant mutaxassislikning barcha asosiy bo'limlarini qamrab oladi. To'g'ri javob har bir savol ostida yashil rangda, hujjat oxirida esa javoblar kaliti bor. O'zingizni sinash uchun avval variantni 100 daqiqada yechib, keyin kalit bilan tekshiring.

• Muhim: rasmiy test savollari ochiq e'lon qilinmaydi. Bu mutaxassislik dasturlari asosida tuzilgan mashq savollari; format va talablar o'zgarishini uzbmb.uz va my.gov.uz da kuzatib boring.

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