Monuments of Bukhara - Английский язык - Презентации

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Monuments of Bukhara

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Monuments of Bukhara www.arxiv.uz

 Bukhara (also spelled Buxoro) is a historic city of 255,000 people located 250km downstream from Samarkand on the Zervshan River in Uzbekistan.  Bukhara is central Asia's holiest city and was once home to more than 300 mosques and 100 medressas. In the 9th and 10th centuries, it was the region's religious and cultural heart, hosting the famed philosopher- scientist Avicenna as well as the Persian poets Firdausi and Rudaki.  Bukhara has been well preserved over the centuries and is still home to an astonishing array of mosques, mausoleums, and medressas. According to UNESCO, which has designated it a World Heritage Site, "Bukhara is the most complete and unspoiled example of a medieval central Asian town which has preserved its urban fabric to the present day." The city

Ark citadel  Bukhara citadel of Ark obtained its modern appearance in the period of the Man-ghit dynasty (1747-1920). Ark was the center of Bukhara statehood. There was a palace of Bukhara amir, mosques, exchequer, governmental administration and prison. Its grand entrance fronted the Registan Square.  The massive gates were reinforced with two towers connected by the gallery above. In the past a lash was hanged above the gate symbolizing the power of amir. Arc suffered much in 1920 when Red Army conducted shell attack and bombed the city.  Since 1945, the Bukhara State Architectural Art Museum-Preserve has been situated in the Ark citadel. www.arxiv.uz

Bolo-Hauz mosque  In the past Registan Square was occupied by numerous beautiful buildings. Today there is only monument of medieval Bukhara - the Bolo-Hauz Ensemble. It is a classic sample of Central Asian mosque: the winter building of 1712, summer aivan of the early 20th century with ornamented ceiling and wooden columns, small minaret constructed in 1917 by usto Shirin and small basin.  The brightest feature of mosque is decor of aivan which columns are made from two trunks each and have stalactite capitals. www.arxiv.uz

Chor-Minor  "Chor-minor" ("Four minarets") is a name of unusual Madrassah of Caliph Niyazkul, built in 1807. Madrassah has a courtyard with one-storied hudjras, column aivan of summer mosque and reservoir faced with stones.  Original is the entrance - four-arch dome structure with four corner towers under blue domes. Three towers were used as utility rooms. The fourth has a stair going to the second floor into the dome hall of library .www.arxiv.uz

Poi-Kalyan ensemble  Kalyan Minaret (Great Minaret) is the main symbol of sacred Bukhara. The minaret was used not only to call Muslims to prayer, but symbolized the authority and power of its spiritual leaders. The central ensemble of Bukhara - Poi-Kalyan - literally "Beneath the Great" grew up around the minaret.  The Kalyan Minaret is a round tower 9 m in diameter at its base, tapering to 6m at the top. It is possible to ascend the minaret from the roof of the cathedral mosque through a passage. Inside the tower is a spiral staircase having 104 steps. Total height of the minaret is 45.6m. The inscription on the cornice announces the date of its construction, 1127, and the name of its architect - Bako.  Kalyan Mosque (early 16thc.)  Today's Kalyan Mosque was built at the

Miri-Arab Madrassah  Active Miri-Arab Madrassah is located opposite to Kaiyan Mosque. This is one of the most esteemed spiritual Islamic universities on the post-Soviet territory. It was constructed at the Shaybanids in the 16th century in account of trophies the nephew of Shaybani-khan, Ubaidallah-khan (died in 1539) took. Khan gave them to his teacher and head of Bukhara Muslims Miri-Arab ("Prince of Arabs"). The last came from Yemen and was a pupil of Khodja Akhrar. Madrassah has traditional layout- two floors of hudjras surround four-aivan courtyard.  Classrooms occupy three corners of the building. The fourth belongs to necropolis of Ubaidallah-khan and Miri-Arab. The khan's tomb with wooden gravestone in the Yemen style is located at the foot of Sheikh Miri-Arab's t

• Made by Kuryaeva Alina gr.200 www.arxiv.uz

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