“Need” so’zining ko’p ma’nolilik xususiyatlari - Английский язык - Презентации

Информация о документе

Цена	3000UZS
Размер	374.9KB
Покупки	0
Дата загрузки	23 Сентябрь 2019
Расширение	ppt
Раздел	Презентации
Предмет	Английский язык

“Need” so’zining ko’p ma’nolilik xususiyatlari

Купить

O’zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy va O’rta Maxsus Ta’lim Vazirligi Qarshi Davlat Universiteti 5220100 – Ingliz tili yo’nalishi 011-20 guruh talabasi Murodov Abbosning BITIRUV MALAKAVIY ISHI Mavzu: “Need” so’zining ko’p ma’nolilik xususiyatlari Ilmiy rahbar :Oqboyeva . Z. QARSHI – 2015 www.arxiv.uz

Mundarija: • Kirish ………………………………………………… • I Bob. Ingliz tilida modal fe’llar haqida tushuncha……………… – “ Need” so’zining modallik, fe’llik, otlik, ravishlik, sifatlik xususiyatlarini ifodalalshi haqida…………………………………………... • 1.2. “Need” so’zining ot bo’lib kelishi va uning leksik- semantik ma’nolari……… – “ Need” so’zining fe’l vazifasida ishlatilishi……………… ……….. • II Bob. “Need” so’zining turli xil o’rinlarda qo’llanishi……………………… • 2.1. “Need’ so’zining modal fe’l bo’lib kelishi va uning sintaktik- semantik ma’nolari………………………………………………….. • 2.2. “Need” so’zining sifat bo’lib kelishi va uning sintaktik tahlili………………. • 2.3. “Need” so’zining ravish bo’lib kelishi va uning leksik-semantik ma’nolari……… • Xulosa……………………………………………………………… • Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro’yxati………………………………….. www.arxiv.u

Mavzuning dolzarbligi: • Ushbu bitiruv malakaviy ishi mavzusining dolzarbligi shundaki , o ’ quvchi , talabaning til o ’ rganish jarayonida “ need ” so ’ zidan foydalanishdagi ikkilanishlar xatoga yo ’ l qo ’ yilishida va bu so ’ zga qiziqishi tobora ortishidadir . Bu so ’ z haqida o ’ rganuvchi o ’ ylanishi va har tomonlama izlanish olib borganda turli olimlarimizning fikrini o ’ rganishi va ularni bir - biriga qiyoslashi bilan birga o ’ z fikrini bildirishidadir . “ Need ” so ’ zining gaplarda turli so ’ z turkumi bo ’ lib kelishi uning dolzarb qirralaridan biridir , u haqida o ’ quvchiga bilim berayotganda uning boshqa modal fe ’ llardan farqliligi , qiziqarliligi , zamonaviy nutqda qo ’ llay olinishini alohida ta ’ kidlab o ’ tish lozimdir . www.arxiv.uz

Tadqiqotning maqsadi: • Ushbu malakaviy bitiruv ishining maqsadi asosan ingliz tilidagi “need’ so’zi haqida bo’lib, ishning boblarida ushbu so’zning leksik- semantik va sintaktik ma’nolari vazifalarini to’liq yoritib berishdir. Avvalambor bu so’z haqida olimlarning fikri har tomonlama o’rganilib, so’z turkumlaridan ot, mustaqil fe’l, ravish, modal fe’l, sifat bo’lib kelishini misollar orqali ko’rib chiqish, uning leksik- semantic ma’nolarini yoritib berish. www.arxiv.uz

Tadqiqotning vazifalari: • “ Need” so’zining ma’nolarini yoritib berish, shundan modallik, fe’llik, otlik, ravishlik, sifatlik xususiyatlarini ifodalalshi haqida, “Need” so’zining ot bo’lib kelishi va uning leksik-semantik ma’nolari, “Need” so’zining fe’l vazifasida ishlatilishini misollarda ko’rsatib berish. www.arxiv.uz03

Tadqiqotning ob’ekti: • A.M.Muxinning nazariyasiga asosan uni tadqiq qilish obyekti –bu so’zning muammolarini yechishdadir. Bu malakaviy bitiruv ishida “need” so’zining o’zbek tilidagi modal so’zlardan zarur, kerak, muhtojlik kabilar bilan qiyoslash va bu so’z gaplarda turli sintaktik vazifalarga ega ekanligi haqida bayon etilgan. “Need’ so’zining nuqsonli fe’l bo’lib kelishi va ba’zi olimlar ta’kidlaganidek bu so’zni nuqsonli emas, balki mustaqil fe’l bo’lishi va ot, sifat, ravish bo’lib kelishi va boshqa modal fe’llarning bu fe’ldan farqi o’rganilib turli xil misollar bilan to’laligicha o’rganishga harakat qilindi. www.arxiv.uz

Tadqiqotning metodi: • O’zbekiston Respublikasi “Ta’lim to’g’risidagi” Qonuni, “Kadrlar tayyorlash Milliy dasturi” O’zbekiston Respulikasi hukumatining Oliy va O’rta maxsus ta’limini rivojlantirish qaratilgan, Oliy ta’lim Vazirligining buyruqlari, Prezident I.A.Karimovning ta’lim tizimini takomillashtirishga yo’naltirilgan nutqlari, unda bayon etilgan yondashuvlari, ishimiz muammosiga oid ilmiy– metodik adabiyotlarga tayanildi. www.arxiv.uz

Tadqiqotning ilmiy – amaliy ahamiyati: • Bitiruv ishi mavzusini yoritish jarayonida chet el yozuvchilarining original badiiy adabiyotlaridan misollar tanlanib o’rganildi, tahlil qilindi. Ushbu bitiruv malakaviy ishi amaliyotda samarali yordam berishi mumkin, chunki bu so’z o’zining ko’p qirralari bilan har bir grammatikani o’rganishga qiziqqan talabani o’ylantiradi va izlanishga undaydi. • Shuningdek , o’rta ta’lim maktab o’quvchilari , a kademik litsey va k asb - hunar kollejlarida tahsil olayotgan talabalar , o liy o’quv yurtlarining filologiya fakultetlarida tahsil olayotgan bakalavriyat va magistr lar , ingliz –o’zbek adabiy aloqalar, shuningdek grammatikaga qiziquvchilar va grammatikaga oid muammolar bilan shug’ullanuvchilar foydalanishlari mumkin. www.arxiv.uz03 01 01 251D17 2A 14 20

I Bob. Ingliz tilida modal fe’llar haqida tushuncha. Modal fe’llar fe’lning asosiy shakli bilan birga keladi va asosiy fe’l ifodalagan ish-harakatning sodir bo’lish imkoniyatini, ehtimolligini, zaruratini, xohishini bildiradi. Modal fe’llarning ingliz tilida asosan quyidagilari ko’proq uchraydi: must, can, may, should, need, ought to. Bundan tashqari ayrim modal fe’llarning ekvivalentlari ham mavjud. 1 Masalan: Must – to have to, to be to, Can - to be able to Gapda modal fe’llar infinitivlar bilan qo’shma predikativ bo’lib keladi. Ingliz tilida modal fe’llarning quyidagi xususiyati bor: Modal fe’llardan keyin infinitive to yuklamasisiz fe’l ishlatiladi. modal fe’llar 3-shaxs birlikda –s qo’shimchasini olmaydi. He must go there. She ought to help him. Need he do it? Ularning so’roq va inkor

• Modal fe’llarning boshqa formalari yo’q, ular shaxs- sonda o’zgarmaydi, zamonda o’zgarmaydi yoki hech qanday zamon qo’shimchasini olmaydi. Ular so’roq va inkor formalarini yasash uchun yordamchi fe’llarga muhtoj bo’lmaydi. Modal fe’llar o’zidan keyin “to” yuklamasini olmaydi. “ Ought to” modal fe’li esa bundan mustasno. • Can you make a cherry pie? You ought not to crack a nut with your teeth. • Might it be the postman? • Modal fe’llarning ekvivalentlari va o’tgan zamon skakllari ham uchraydi. • Jack can get to the top. – Jek cho’qqiga chiqa oladi. • Jack could get to the top. – Jek cho’qqiga chiqa olardi. www.arxiv.uz

1.1. “Need” so’zining modallik, fe’llik, otlik, ravishlik, sifatlik xususiyatlarini ifodalashi to’g’risida. • “ Need” modal fe’li inkor yuklamasi bilan qo’llaniladi va “zaruriyati yo’q, hojati yo’q” kabi ma’noni ifodalaydi. Masalan: We needn’t go into that room now. – Bizning hozir u xonaga kirishimizni hojati yo’q. • Inkorlik ma’nosini nafaqat “not” yuklamasi modal fe’lga qo’shilishidan, balki boshqa so’zlar orqali, masalan, inkor olmoshi “no” va “hardly” bilan ham kelishi va inkor ma’noni bildirishi mumkin. • I need hardly tell you that. • Inkorsiz ritorik so’roq gaplarda koyish, ta’na qilish kabi ma’nolarni ifodalaydi. • Need you be so inflexible? • “ Need” fe’li “must” fe’li kabi shakl o’zgarmas modal fe’ldir va u to’ldiruvchi ergash gapli qo’shma gaplarda ishlatilganda, bosh gap o’tga

Modal fe’l “need” so’roq va inkor ma’nosida. ‘ Need’ fe’li infinitivga ergashib kerak, zarur ma’nolarini bildiradi. Qachonki ‘need’ kerak, zarur ma’nolarini bildirsa, odatda darak gaplarda – infinitiv ‘to’ ga mustaqil fe’l sifatida ergashadi. Masalan; Boys of your age need to sleep the clock round. Inkor va so’roq gaplarda buning asosan ikkita shaklga ega. Bu gaplarda ‘need’ fe’l sifatida ‘to do’ yordamchi fe’lini olmaydi va III shaxs birlikda hech qanday qo’shimcha olmaydi. Masalan; Need he trouble himself? U xavotir olishi shartmi? You needn’t bother about coming up, Manson. Kelishing shart emas, Manson. ‘ Need’ odatda ‘to’ siz infinitivga o’tgan zamonda ergash gaplarda ergashadi. www.arxiv.uz

1.2. “Need” so’zining ot bo’lib kelishi va uning leksik- semantik ma’nolari. • 1. to be /to stand/ in need of something , to feel the need of something, to have need of something- biror narsaga muhtojlik sezmoq; to have need to do something – biror ish qilishga zarurat tug’ilmoq, to’g’ri kelmoq; • 2. ko’plik formada uchrab ‘ehtiyoj, talab’ ma’nosida keladi; to meet the needs – talabni qondirmoq, daily needs- kundalik ehtiyojlar; spiritual needs- ma’naviy-ruhiy ehtiyoj; to each according to his needs – har kimni ehtiyojiga yarasha • 3. qashshoqlik, muhtojlik; to live / to be/ in need –muhtojlikda yashamoq; • 4. yetishmovchilik, taqchillik; for need of –yetishmovchilik sababli, taqchilligi sababli • 5. mushkul ahvol, kulfat; good at needs- mushkul ahvolda yashash, kerak bo’lish, hour of awfu

What has bought your excellency into the filled? For what do you daily and hourly expose your precious life to battle and the halter? What is there about me to mourn: when such man of you risk their all for our country? No, no, no- not a dollar of your gold will I touch poor America has need of it all. (F.C. “The Spy” p-389) – Janobi oilylarini jang maydoniga boshlab kirgan nima? Nimani deb jangu- jadallarga, harbiy yurishlarda ishtirok etib, har bir kun, har bir soatda o’z qimmatli hayotingizni xavf ostida qoldirasiz? Yo’q, yo’q, yo’q, sizning tillangizdan loaqal bir dollar ham olmayman, bechora Amerika bunga muhtoj. Ushbu misolda ‘need’ so’zi ot so’z turkumiga tegishli bo’lib, to have fe’li bilan kelganda ‘need’ so’zi to’ldiruvchi vazifasida bo’ladi, chunki o’timli fe’llar o’zidan keyin

“ Need” so’zining fe’l vazifasida ishlatilishi. • 1. muhtoj bo’lmoq; The farmers need rain. He needs rest. They need one another. This is the book I’ve been needing a long time. – Bu men anchadan beri izlab yurgan kitob. • 2. 1) talab qilmoq; You only needed to ask. – Sen faqat so’rashing kerak edi. • The dress needs washing / to be washed. – Ko’ylakni yuvish kerak; He needs to be carefull; that needs no saying –izoh talab qilmaydi- These facts need no comment. The letter needs no reply; to need a lot of asking- birdan rozi bo’lmaslik, He needed no second invitation - U taklifni darrov qabul qildi. He didn’t need to be told twice. – Unga ikkinchi marta aytish shart bo’lmadi. It needed the horror of war to open their eyes – Faqat urush vahimasigina ularning ko’zini ochdi. • 2) tanqidiy ma’n

II BOB. “ Need “ so’zining turli xil o’rinlarda qo’llanilishi. “ Need” fe’lining juda ko’p ma’nolarda ya’ni ot, sifat, ravish, modal fe’l, yuklama ma’nolarida kelishini yuqoridagi bobda misollar orqali ko’rib o’tdik. To be, to stand in need of something 1 ….. for medicine, drugs for sewing, knitting for medical treatment on scientific instrument on record player very thin sharp leaf. A need to do something: We feel there is a need to improve internal communications. Usually plural, something that you need in order to be healthy, comfortable, successful, etc. Somebody’s needs –people with mental health, problems have special needs. We want this school to meet the needs of all our children. 1 Professor V.K.Myuller, Moscow. 1965. p-501-502 www.arxiv.uz

2.1. “Need” so’zining modal fe’l bo’lib kelishi va uning sintaktik-semantik tahlili. I need not trouble you with it, he goes on to say. (B.Shaw. p-190) – Bu bilan sizni bezovta qilishim kerak emas, davom etdi u. Ushbu gapda need fe’li modal fe’l bo’lib kesim vazifasida kelgan. Do you know your way back to back to your hotel? I need not stir. (B.SH.p- 193) Mehmonxonaga qaytish yo’lini bilasizmi? Men qimirlashim shart emas. Ushbu gapda need fe’li modal fe’l bo’lib kesim vazifasida kelgan. I need not tell you that even a miracle may do more harm than good to the church in this country. Bu malakatda cherkovda toat-ibodat qilishdan ko’ra hattoki mo’jiza ko’proq zarar keltirishi mumknligi haqida aytib o’tishning hojati yo’q. Lady, need I add that she is my bitterest enemy? Xonim, u mening eng as

2.2 “Need” so’zining sifat bo’lib kelishi va uning sintaktik tahlili. 1. needful, needy –kerakli, zarur 2. needless – keraksiz, foydasiz, ortiqcha I answered that was needless, and would take too much time, for there was no more to be done, but let one for the crew put his finger into the ring and take the box out of the sea into the ship and so into the captain’s cabin. (J.S.p- 138) Men bu ish foydasiz ekanini va juda ko’p vaqtni olishini aytdim, …… At the same time I had found some power of my master’s in the great cabin with which filled one of the large battles in the case which was in it into another and thus furnished with everything needful, we sailed out of the port to fish. (D.D.p-15) …… va kerakli hamma narsa bilan ta’minlangan edi, …… Bu gapda ‘need’ so’zi sifat bo’lib kelgan v

2.3 “Need” so’zining ravish bo’lib kelishi va uning leksik- semantik ma’nolari Needs, must needs, needs must, needlessly – kerak bo’lganda, kerakli vaqtda Needlessly they altered the course of their families for a few shilling…. (B.Sh.p-14) Kerakli vaqtda ular bir neha shilling uchun oilalari tarzini o’zgartirganlar. The foolish boy was frightened out of his wits thinking it must needs be some of his master’s ships sent to pursue us. (G.G. p-56) Ahmoq bola u kerakli vaqtda bizni qo’lga olish uchun jo’natilgan xo’jayinning kemalaridan biri deb qo’rquvdan hushi uchdi. That must needs be that god had appointed all this to befall me. (G.G.p- 88) Nothing occurred to my thought to contradict any of these conclusions and therefore it rested up on me with the greater force that it must needs be th

Xulosa Modal va asosiy fe’l ‘need’. ‘ Need’ so’zi modal ma’no ham asosiy fe’llik ma’nolariga egadir. ‘Need’ modal fe’li bilan tuziladigan so’roq gaplar keng tarqalmagan. U ancha rasmiydir. So’roq gap tuzish uchun ‘need’ fe’li egadan oldinga o’tadi, do/does/did yordamchi fe’llaridan foydalanilmaydi. Do we need to write this down? emas balki - Need we write this down? Inkor gaplarda esa shart emas, zarurati yo’q, hojati yo’q degan ma’nolarda kelishi keng tarqalgan. We needn’t spend much time on this topic. It’s not going to be in the exam. Bu mavzuga ko’p vaqt sarflashimiz shart emas. U imtihonda qo’yilmaydi. Cans of soup needn’t be kept in the fridge. Sho’rva idishlarini muzlatgichda saqlash shart emas. O’tgan zamonda majburiylik ma’nosida ‘need’ fe’lining to’g’ridan- to’g’ri shakli yo’q. U

Купить