Samarkand is my hometown

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Samarkand is my hometown

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$ Samarkand (Uzbek: Samarqand Самарқанд; Persian: دن\u0015قرم \u0015\u0015س ; Russian: Самарканд from Sogdian: "Stone Fort" or "Rock Town"; Mongolian: Самарканд from "Nut Rock" or "Hard Rock") is the second-largest city in Uzbekistan and the capital of Samarqand Province. The city is most noted for its central position on the Silk Road between China and the West, and for being an Islamic centre for scholarly study. In the 14th century it became the capital of the empire of Timur (Tamerlane) and is the site of his mausoleum (the Gur-e Amir). The Bibi-Khanym Mosque (a modern replica) remains one of the city's most notable landmarks. The Registan was the ancient center of the city. The city has carefully preserved the traditions of ancient crafts: embroider$

The city was known by an abbreviated name of Marakanda when Alexander the Great took it in 332 BC.[2] There are various theories of how Marakanda evolved into Samarkanda/Samarkan. One derives the name from the Old Persian asmara, "stone", "rock", and Sogdian kand, "fort", "town".[3] According on Sanskrit texts, the original name of Samarkand was "Markanda", named after the Vedic saint of the same name - Markanda. The Greeks later referred to the city as Maracanda, which is a corruption of its former Sanskrit name. www.arxiv.uz

In 1500 the Uzbek nomadic warriors took control of Samarkand.[17] The Shaybanids emerged as the Uzbek leaders at or about this time. In the second quarter of 16th century, the Shaybanids moved their capital to Bukhara and Samarkand went into decline. After an assault by the Persian king, Nadir Shah, the city was abandoned in the 18th century, about 1720 or a few years later.[21] From 1599 to 1756, Samarkand was ruled by the Ashtarkhanid dynasty of Bukhara. From 1756 to 1868, Samarkand was ruled by the Manghyt emirs of Bukhara.[22] The city came under Russian rule after the citadel had been taken by a force under Colonel Konstantin Petrovich von Kaufman in 1868. Shortly thereafter the small Russian garrison of 500 men were themselves besieged. The assault, which was led by Abdul Malik Tura,

 The Registan, one of the most relevant examples of Islamic architecture. It consists of three separate buildings:  Madrasa of Ulugh Beg (1417–1420)  Sher-Dor Madrasah (Lions Gate) (1619–1635/36).  Tilya-Kori Madrasah (1647–1659/60).  Bibi-Khanym Mosque (replica)  Gur-e Amir Mausoleum (1404)  Observatory of Ulugh Beg (1428–1429)  Shah-i-Zinda necropolis  Historical site of Afrasiyab (7th century BC–13th century AD)  Siyob Bazaar www.arxiv.uz

Samarkand features a mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa) that closely borders on a semi- arid climate with hot, dry summers and relatively wet, variable winters that alternate periods of warm weather with periods of cold weather. July and August are the hottest months of the year with temperatures reaching, and exceeding, 40 °C (104 °F). Most of the sparse precipitation is received from December through April. January 2008 was particularly cold, and the temperature dropped to −22 °C (−8 °F)[25] www.arxiv.uz

 Amoghavajra, 8th-century Buddhist monk, translator of Vajrayana scripture, figure in the Tang court, remembered as one of the three founders of Chinese esoteric Buddhism.  Abu Mansur Maturidi, Sunni theologist of the 10th century  Nizami Aruzi Samarqandi, poet and writer of the 12th century  Suzani Samarqandi, poet of the 12th century  Najib ad-Din-e-Samarqandi, scholar of the 13th century  Jamshīd al-Kāshī, astronomer and mathematician of the 15th century  Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī, scholar  Nawab Khwaja Abid Siddiqi and Nawab Qaziuddin Siddiqi, grandfather and father of Mir Qamaruddin Siddiqi Asaf Jah I whose dynasty ruled Hyderabad Deccan for seven generations from 1724 to 1951  Islam Karimov, 1st President of Uzbekistan.  Also said to be the place of death of Muhammad b. Is

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