The complex sentence - relative pronouns and clauses (self study) - Английский язык - Презентации

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The complex sentence - relative pronouns and clauses (self study)

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THE HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIALIZED THE HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIALIZED EDUCATION OF UZBEKISTAN NATIONAL EDUCATION OF UZBEKISTAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF UZBEKISTAN NAMED AFTER UNIVERSITY OF UZBEKISTAN NAMED AFTER MIRZO ULUGBEK THE FACULTY OF FOREIGN MIRZO ULUGBEK THE FACULTY OF FOREIGN PHILOLIGYPHILOLIGY Prerared by: Checked by:Theme:The complex sentence: relative pronouns and clauses

What is a complex sentence?What is a complex sentence?  Definition: A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause (the main clause) and one or more dependent clauses.  The independent clause has a subject and verb and can stand alone as a complete sentence. It is also called a simple sentence.  Example: John wrote an amazing paragraph.  The dependent clause also has a subject and a verb, but it cannot stand alone. There are two types of dependent clauses, those that begin with subordinating conjunctions and those that begin with relative pronouns. Examples: When John wrote an amazing paragraph (subordinating conjunction) Who wrote an amazing paragraph (relative pronoun)

Examples of complex sentences:Examples of complex sentences:  When John wrote an amazing paragraph, he earned an A+ in the course.  John, who wrote an amazing paragraph, is very happy with his grade.

Complex Sentences with Subordinate Complex Sentences with Subordinate ConjunctionsConjunctions One type of dependent clause is introduced by a word (or words) called a subordinating conjunction . The clause does have a subject and a verb, but it begins with a subordinating conjunction . When a clause starts with a subordinating conjunction, the clause becomes dependent—it cannot stand alone. Subordinate Conjunctions  after/ since/ although  so that/ as/ though  as if/ till / as long as  unless/ as though/ until  because/ when/ before  whenever/even though  where/ if/ once/ while  provided/whether

 When one of these subordinating conjunctions is placed before an independent clause, the clause can no longer stand by itself. It becomes dependent.  Example:  Robert rode the bus to town. (independent clause)  When Robert rode the bus to town. (dependent clause -- cannot stand alone as a sentence)

Using of punctuation  When the dependent clause comes first, a comma is required. Dependent clauses are in italics.  Example: When I read the story, I could imagine everything.  However, when the dependent clause follows an independent clause, no comma is used.  Example: I could imagine everything when I read the story.

Complex Sentences with Relative Complex Sentences with Relative PronounsPronouns  The second type of dependent clause begins with a relative pronoun. Relative pronouns are :  who/ whom/ whose/ which/ that  (Somtimes where, when, and why act as relative pronouns.)  Examples:  Steinbeck, [who wrote novels], is famous.  The independent clause is Steinbeck is famous.  The dependent clause is [who wrote novels].

Using of punctuationUsing of punctuation  When a dependent clause beginning with a relative pronoun points to a general noun, do NOT use commas. The clause is needed in the sentence to make a general noun more specific.  Examples:  a. All books [that are banned] should be read (in college courses).  b. All books should be read (in college courses).

 When a dependent clause beginning with a relative pronoun points to a specific noun, DO use commas. The clause is not needed in the sentence because it only gives extra information about a noun that is already limited and specific.  Examples:  a. Gabriel Garcia Marquez, who won the Nobel Prize, wrote many novels.  b. Gabriel Garcia Marquez wrote many novels.

Used of internet resources Used of internet resources  https://www.thoughtco.com.  https://www.quora.com  https://www.grammar.com  https://www.onestop.org

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