The role of repetition in persuasive texts - Английский язык - Курсовые работы

Информация о документе

Цена	12000UZS
Размер	106.3KB
Покупки	0
Дата загрузки	16 Апрель 2024
Расширение	docx
Раздел	Курсовые работы
Предмет	Английский язык

The role of repetition in persuasive texts

Купить

MINISTRY OF HIGHER
EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND INNOVATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF
UZBEKISTAN
SAMARKAND STATE INSTITUTE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
ENGLISH PHILOLOGY AND TRANSLATION FACULTY
COURSE WORK
Theme: THE ROLE OF REPETITION IN PERSUASIVE
TEXTS
Samarkand

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER I. Define repetition and its significance in persuasive texts. ........................................................ 4
1.1. Explore various types of repetition, such as lexical, syntactical, and structural repetition ............... 4
1.2. Analyze the psychological aspect of repetition in persuasion ........................................................... 8
Conclusion on Chapter I ......................................................................................................................... 12
CHAPTER II. Investigate how repetition has been used in influential speeches or texts throughout history.
................................................................................................................................................................... 16
2.1. Discuss how overuse or manipulation of repetition may lead to negative perceptions or
unintended consequences. .................................................................................................................... 16
2.2. Offer tips on balancing repetition to avoid monotony while maintaining persuasive impact ......... 22
Conclusion on Chapter II ........................................................................................................................ 28
CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................. 31
REFERENCES: ............................................................................................................................................. 35
INTERNET RESOURCES ............................................................................................................................... 37
1

INTRODUCTION
Delivery of each subject to students using new innovative pedagogical
technologies is one of the main requirements of today’s education. The President
of The Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev on May 19, 2021 “A measure
to bring the popularization of learning foreign languages in the Republic of
Uzbekistan to a qualitatively new level” In accordance with the State Program
“Year of Youth Support and Public Health Strengthening”, the development of
foreign language teaching as a priority of education policy, in this direction to
fundamentally improve the quality of education, to attract qualified pedagogues to
the field, and to improve the quality of the population special importance is
attached to increasing their interest in learning foreign languages. A new stage, a
new era has begun in the teaching of foreign languages in our country [1, 115].
The use of advanced pedagogical technologies, interactive, innovative methods,
communicative and informational tools is required in the process of teaching
foreign language classes. In our republic, new methods and requirements have
been developed in accordance with the European framework recommendations
(CEFR) and International English Language Testing System (IELTS) for foreign
language Teaching and assessment of knowledge and skills of foreign language
teachers. According to it, textbooks were created for students of general education
schools And vocational schools. In accordance with these requirements,
classrooms were equipped with new information and communication techniques.
Foreign language science is divided into four aspects (reading, writing, listening
and speaking), and separate concepts and skills are given for each of them. «It’s
time to establish a new system for teaching foreign languages in our country,
which will be a solid foundation for the future. Since we have set ourselves the
goal of building a competitive country, from now on, graduates of schools,
lyceums, colleges and universities must have a perfect knowledge of at least two
foreign languages. This strict requirement should become the main criterion for the
activity of the head of every educational institution,” said Shavkat Mirziyoyev.
2

According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, repetition is defined as “the use of
words to express something other than and especially the repeating of the literal
meaning”, and according to the Collins Dictionary, repetition is “a subtle form of
humour which involves saying things that you do not mean». Actuality of the
theme of the course paper. In this course work the main types of irony is discussed
in different contexts of literary works in which variety of meanings brings out
under special content of irony. Moreover, irony and satire can express subtle
difference yet with their own particular peculiarities. Repetition is satire that
compares what someone actually means with their language against what they
actually say or do. As for the actuality of the course work is to show the use of
irony and its origin and its recent interrelationships and differences, adding in the
sentence.
The object matter of the course paper. Repetition is a literary device that
expresses expectations and reality. Storytellers use repetition to create humor,
suspense, and an emphasis on a particular subject. By highlighting the incongruity
of a situation or action, repetition draws attention to a plot point, character trait, or
thematic argument.
The subject of the course paper. The definition of repetition as a literary
device Is a situation in which there is a contrast between expectation and reality.
For example, the difference between what something appears to mean versus its
literal meaning. Repetition is associated with both stylistic prose and poetry.
The content and structure of the work. In accordance with the goals and
objectives of the work, the structure is composed of an introduction, two chapters,
a conclusion and a bibliography.
3

CHAPTER I. Define repetition and its significance in persuasive
texts.
1.1. Explore various types of repetition, such as lexical, syntactical, and
structural repetition
Repetition is a powerful literary device that adds emphasis and rhythm to
language. Here are brief explanations of lexical, syntactical, and structural
repetition: Lexical Repetition: Involves the repetition of words or phrases within a
text. Enhances the significance of specific terms and creates emphasis.
Example: "The night was dark, the wind was dark, and my thoughts were dark.
«Syntactical Repetition: Involves the repetition of sentence structures or patterns.
Adds a sense of balance and rhythm to the writing.
Example: "She danced with grace; she danced with passion; she danced with
joy. «Structural Repetition: Involves the repetition of larger structural elements,
such as entire sentences or paragraphs. Creates a sense of continuity and reinforces
themes.
Example: Beginning consecutive paragraphs with a similar phrase or idea for
emphasis. These forms of repetition can be employed by writers to evoke specific
emotions, highlight key concepts, or create a memorable and rhythmic flow in their
writing.
Here are three types of repetition:
 Anaphora: The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive
clauses or sentences.
Example: “I have a dream that one day... I have a dream that one day... I have a
dream that one day...”
 Epistrophe: The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive
clauses or sentences.
Example: “Love is patient, love is kind, love is enduring.”
4

 Polysyndeton: The deliberate use of several conjunctions in close
succession, especially where they are not grammatically necessary.
Example: “I went to the store and bought milk and bread and eggs and
cheese.” These repetition techniques can be employed in writing and rhetoric to
create emphasis, rhythm, and impact.
Lexical repetition involves the repetition of words or phrases within a text. It
is a literary device used to emphasize specific terms, create a rhythm, or convey a
particular mood. Here are some examples of lexical repetition:
Emphasis:
Example: “The mountain stood majestic, its peaks piercing the sky. Majestic,
it inspired awe in all who beheld it.”
Rhythm:
Example: “She danced through the night, danced with joy, and danced with
abandon, each movement a celebration.”
Mood:
Example: “The forest was dark, dark with secrets, dark with ancient tales
whispered through the leaves.” Lexical repetition can be a powerful tool in writing,
helping to draw attention to key ideas or evoke specific emotions by reinforcing
certain words throughout a passage.
Syntactical repetition involves the repetition of sentence structures or patterns
within a text. This literary device is used to create rhythm, emphasize ideas, and
contribute to the overall flow of the writing. Here’s more information and
examples:
1. Balance and Rhythm:
- Syntactical repetition often introduces a sense of balance and rhythm, as the
repeated structures contribute to a pattern that can be pleasing to the reader.
2. Emphasis:
- By repeating specific syntactical structures, writers can emphasize particular
ideas or themes, making them more memorable to the audience.
5

3. Variation:
- While repetition is a key element, variations in syntax can be introduced to
maintain interest and avoid monotony. This interplay of repetition and variation
adds complexity to the writing.
Example:
- Repetition: “She walked to the edge of the cliff. To the edge, she peered into
the vast unknown. Into the unknown, she ventured with courage.”
- Variation: «She walked to the edge of the cliff. Peering into the vast unknown,
she gathered her courage and ventured forward.”
In this example, the repeated structure “She [action]. [Prepositional phrase]”
creates a rhythmic pattern, while variations in the second and third sentences
prevent redundancy. Syntactical repetition is a versatile tool that writers use to
enhance the structure and impact of their prose. Structural repetition involves the
repetition of larger structural elements within a text, such as repeating entire
sentences or paragraphs. This literary device can be employed for various
purposes, including emphasizing themes, creating a sense of continuity, and
reinforcing key ideas. Here’s more information and an example: Emphasis and
Reinforcement: Structural repetition can be used to emphasize a particular point or
theme by restating it in a similar or identical manner. Continuity: By repeating
certain structural elements, writers create a sense of continuity that helps tie
different parts of the text together. Highlighting key ideas: This technique is often
used to highlight and reinforce central ideas or messages within a piece of writing.
Example: Repetition: “In the quiet of the night, he pondered the mysteries of the
universe. Pondered the vastness of space and the infinitesimal nature of existence.
Existence, a puzzle he sought to unravel.” In this example, the repetition of the
structural element “In the quiet of the night, he [action]. [Repeated idea or theme]”
reinforces the contemplative nature of the protagonist and emphasizes the
overarching theme of exploring life’s mysteries. Structural repetition contributes to
the overall cohesion and impact of the writing.
6

Lexical repetition refers to the use of the same word or words within a passage
of text. This can occur for various stylistic or rhetorical purposes, such as to
emphasize a point, create a specific effect, or reinforce a theme. It is a common
literary device used by writers to draw attention to particular words and ideas.
Syntactical repetition refers to the repetition of sentence structures or patterns
within a passage of text. This can be used to create rhythm, emphasize key points,
or establish a specific tone. For example: “Mary likes hiking, Mary enjoys
swimming, and Mary loves running.”
In this example, the repetition of the structure “Mary + verb” creates a
rhythmic pattern and emphasizes Mary’s activities.
Lexical repetition, as mentioned earlier, involves the repetition of the same
word or words within a passage of text. This can be used for emphasis, to create a
specific effect, or to reinforce a theme. For example: “The sun was shining
brightly, casting a warm glow on the fields. The fields stretched out endlessly, their
golden color stretching as far as the eye could see.”
In this example, the repetition of “fields” emphasizes the vastness and
expansiveness of the landscape.
Structural repetition involves the repetition of larger structural elements such as
paragraphs, sections, or entire passages within a text. This can be used to create a
sense of unity, reinforce key ideas, or highlight important themes. For example:
In a novel, the author might use structural repetition by beginning each chapter
with a flashback to the protagonist’s childhood, creating a thematic link between
past and present.
Overall, all three types of repetition—syntactical, lexical, and structural—can
be powerful tools for writers to convey meaning, create impact, and engage readers
through various literary effects.
Syntactical repetition involves the repetition of grammatical structures within a
sentence or across sentences. It emphasizes the arrangement of words and their
relationships in a sentence. For example: “She enjoys hiking, swimming, and
7

cycling.” Lexical repetition, on the other hand, refers to the repetition of words or
phrases. It focuses on the repetition of vocabulary throughout a text. Example:
“The sun was shining brightly. She wore a bright yellow dress that matched the
brightness of the day.” Structural repetition involves the repetition of overall
patterns or structures in a text, such as repeated sentence structures or
organizational patterns. This creates a sense of rhythm or coherence. Example:
“Not only did he excel in academics, but he also shone in sports.” In summary,
syntactical repetition deals with grammar, lexical repetition deals with words, and
structural repetition deals with overall patterns in a text. These techniques can be
used for various purposes, including emphasis, rhythm, and coherence in writing.
1.2. Analyze the psychological aspect of repetition in persuasion
The psychological aspect of repetition is deeply rooted in human cognition and
perception. Repetition can have various effects on individuals, both in terms of
cognitive processing and emotional responses.
1. Memory Enhancement: Repetition plays a crucial role in memory formation.
The more often information is repeated, the more likely it is to be retained in
memory. This is known as the “repetition effect” and is utilized in
educational contexts to enhance learning. Memory enhancement refers to the
improvement or optimization of memory function, including the ability to
encode, store, and retrieve information. There are various strategies,
techniques, and interventions aimed at enhancing memory, and these
approaches can be applied in everyday life, educational settings, clinical
contexts, and cognitive training programs. Memory enhancement can be
beneficial for individuals seeking to improve their academic performance,
maintain cognitive function as they age, or address memory-related
challenges associated with conditions such as dementia or traumatic brain
injury.
8

events. Emotional impact can be both immediate and long-lasting,
influencing an individual’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Emotional
impact is a central consideration in fields such as psychology, marketing,
storytelling, and entertainment. Understanding how to evoke specific
emotional responses and manage emotional impact is crucial for creating
engaging content, designing effective interventions, and fostering
meaningful connections with others.
In literature and film, for example, authors and filmmakers deliberately craft
narratives to elicit emotional impact in their audience by creating characters
and situations that resonate with universal human emotions. Similarly, in
marketing and advertising, understanding the emotional impact of
messaging and branding is essential for connecting with consumers on a
deeper level and influencing their purchasing decisions.
Overall, the study of emotional impact provides valuable insights into
human emotions, cognition, and behavior, shedding light on the ways in
which individuals respond to and are affected by the world around them.
4. Habit Formation: Repetition is fundamental to habit formation. Regularly
repeating a behavior or action reinforces neural pathways, making the
behavior more automatic over time. Habit formation refers to the process by
which behaviors become automatic and ingrained through repetition and
reinforcement. When a person consistently engages in a particular action or
behavior, the brain forms neural pathways that make it easier and more
efficient to perform that behavior in the future. This process is often
described as "habit formation" and can have a significant impact on an
individual's daily routines, productivity, and overall well-being.
5. Persuasion: Repetition is a persuasive technique. When an idea or message
is repeated, it can influence attitudes and beliefs, as people may be more
likely to accept information that is familiar or frequently encountered.
Persuasion in repetition refers to the use of repeated messages, arguments, or
10

stimuli to influence an individual’s beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors. The
concept is based on the idea that repeated exposure to a particular message
can lead to increased acceptance or internalization of that message,
ultimately shaping the recipient’s thoughts and actions.
6. Rhythm and Comfort: Repetition often contributes to the rhythm and flow of
language or music, providing a sense of comfort and predictability. This can
be soothing and aesthetically pleasing.
7. Annoyance or Saturation: While repetition can be effective, excessive
repetition may lead to annoyance or desensitization. Individuals can become
less responsive to repeated stimuli, a phenomenon known as “advertising
wear-out.”
Understanding the psychological impact of repetition is crucial in various
fields, including education, advertising, and communication, as it influences how
information is processed, remembered, and perceived by individuals.
The psychological aspect of repetition in persuasion is rooted in the idea that
repeated exposure to a message or idea can influence an individual’s attitudes,
beliefs, and behaviors. This concept is often associated with the “mere exposure
effect,” which suggests that people tend to develop a preference for things simply
because they are familiar with them.
There are several psychological mechanisms through which repetition can be
effective in persuasion:
1. Familiarity and Trust: When individuals are repeatedly exposed to a
message or idea, it becomes more familiar to them. This familiarity can lead
to a sense of trust and credibility, as people tend to feel more comfortable
with things, they are familiar with.
2. Memory and Retrieval: Repetition can enhance memory encoding and
retrieval. When a message is repeated, it becomes more firmly stored in
memory, making it easier for individuals to recall and access that
information when making decisions or forming opinions.
11

3. Cognitive Fluency: Repetition can enhance cognitive fluency, which refers
to the ease with which information is processed. When a message is
repeated, it becomes easier for individuals to process and understand,
leading to a perception of the message as more truthful or valid.
4. Shaping Perceptions: Repetition can shape perceptions by influencing the
salience of certain information. When a message is repeated, it may become
more prominent in an individual’s mind, leading them to prioritize and give
more weight to that information.
5. Reinforcement: Repetition can reinforce beliefs and attitudes. When
individuals encounter a message repeatedly, it can serve to strengthen their
existing beliefs or attitudes, making it more difficult for competing messages
to sway them.
In the context of persuasion, marketers, advertisers, and political
communicators often leverage the psychological impact of repetition to influence
consumer choices, shape public opinion, and drive behavior change. By
strategically employing repetition in messaging and advertising campaigns, they
seek to create lasting impressions and increase the likelihood of desired outcomes.
It’s important to note that while repetition can be a powerful persuasive tool,
its effectiveness is contingent on factors such as the quality of the message, the
context in which it is presented, and the receptiveness of the audience. Overuse of
repetition or presenting a message in a way that feels forced or insincere can have
the opposite effect, leading to resistance or backlash from the audience.
Conclusion on Chapter I
Repetition is when a single word or phrase is used multiple times in short
succession for effect. It can help emphasise a point. For example, ‘I have to
practice my times tables over so I can learn them’ vs ‘I have to practice my times
tables over and over and over again so I can learn them.’ Repetition is when a
certain word, sentence or phrase is written more than once in a poem.
12

Repetition is used in poetry and prose to help make the writing more
interesting and to help create patterns. Depending on the word or phrase that is
repeated, repetition allows for more emphasis to be placed on certain themes, ideas
or objects.
For repetition to be noticeable, the words or phrases should be repeated within
proximity of each other. Repeating the same words or phrases in a literary work of
poetry or prose can bring clarity to an idea and/or make it memorable for the
reader.
• Without repetition: ‘The soup was stirred until thickened.’
• With repetition: ‘The soup was stirred and stirred until thickened.’
Common Examples of Repetition
We use repetition every day without realising it. These are examples that you
probably hear people say every day:
• Time after time;
• Heart-to-heart;
• Hand in hand;
• Get ready, get set, go;
• Home sweet home;
• It is what it is.
Repetition in Poetry
Repeating a word or phrase in a work of poetry or prose calls it to the reader’s
attention. This creates emphasis by highlighting the importance of the word or
phrase. Therefore, the reader is more likely to consider the meaning of the word or
phrase in a deeper way. Odes are a type of poetry that traditionally make use of
repetition.
There are different types of repetition that can be used in poetry.
Refrain – This is where a verse or phrase is repeated during different stages of
a song or poem.
13

Chorus – Chorus is where a verse or phrase is repeated following each verse
within a song or poem. The Christmas carol repeats the following line, ‘We wish
you a Merry Christmas’, multiple times.
Echo poems – In an echo poem, the last word of each line can be repeated as a
response in the next line.
Alliteration – Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds, often at the
beginning of a word. For example, ‘The slimy snake slowly slithered away.’
Rhyme – Rhyme is the repetition of sound using rhythmic patterns to create a
musical effect.
Repetition in Prose
In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, repetition is used to
emphasise the size of Tom Buchanan’s apartment:
‘The apartment was on the top floor—a small living-room, a small dining-
room, a small bedroom, and a bath.’
Repetition of the word ‘small’ highlights to the reader how tiny Tom’s
apartment is.
Repetition in Persuasive Writing
Repetition can also be used in types of persuasive writing and media, such as
adverts. Adverts repeat certain words to grab the reader or audience’s attention.
They might repeat ‘FREE’ or ‘10% off!’ to make the offer stick in people’s minds,
so that they’re more likely to take up the offer later. Some might also repeat
positive adjectives to describe their product to make the audience think that way
about it, too. For example, a water park might say that it’s ‘fun, fun, fun!’.
Repetition is a good way to get an idea to stay in our minds, which is why many
advertisers are fond of it – and why so many adverts get stuck in our heads!
This is a common literary technique that authors will use within poetry. The
reason the author uses repetition will vary from piece to piece. The definition of
repetition in poetry is repeating words, phrases, lines, or stanzas. It is an intentional
technique that the author uses throughout the poem. A phrase is defined as a group
14

of words taken out of a larger literary work. A line is a subdivision of a poem
where a phrase is grouped into a single row. Lines can be grouped by syllables,
rhyme schemes, or other literary concepts. A stanza is a group of lines in a poem
arranged together. A stanza is usually four or more lines. They can be grouped by
rhyme scheme, or metric, and reoccur with a common theme. Stanzas can be
thought of as paragraphs within a poem. In a poem, repetition can include
recurring phrases, lines, words, or stanzas to create a particular effect by the
author. Repetition is the “subatomic” element of poetry, its very essence and the
characteristic that is present in all other features of poetry. Repetition in poetry can
be found in everything from words, key visual images, specific names, entire lines,
rhyme schemes, stanzas, or sentence fragments. In poetry, repetition can be used to
emphasize certain ideas or feelings, intensifying emotional significance and
creating a focal point that crystallizes what the poem is about and where it’s going.
Now the flower and water have attained more significance than a simple vase on a
window sill. Next, there is the repeated line, “remembers its life.” So, the flower
begins to take on a personal history of its own: “remembers its life/in the perfect
garden”; “remembers its life/as a closed seed.” Without repetition, the flower
might be pretty, but it does not have much emotional significance and has not yet
become the doorway to an interior journey. This is an example of repetition in
poetry being used to bring everyday, common images and ideas to life and use
them as an entryway to a whole other way of experiencing the world. Let’s look at
some more examples of repetition in poetry. Take the simple idea, “It is a sad rainy
day.” If a poet wants to express this idea, repetition of keywords or entire lines can
be used for emphasis, to draw us into the endless recurrence of their sad feelings.
15

CHAPTER II. Investigate how repetition has been used in
influential speeches or texts throughout history.
2.1. Discuss how overuse or manipulation of repetition may lead to negative
perceptions or unintended consequences.
Repetition has played a crucial role in influential speeches and texts,
emphasizing key points and fostering a memorable impact. Martin Luther King
Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech, for instance, used repetition in phrases like “I have
a dream” for emphasis and unity. Winston Churchill’s speeches during World War
II often employed repetition to instill determination, like his famous “We shall
fight on the beaches” address. Repetition serves as a rhetorical device to reinforce
messages and connect emotionally with audiences, leaving a lasting impression in
historical discourse. Repetition in influential speeches serves various purposes,
enhancing rhetorical impact and resonating with audiences. Examples include:
1. Anaphora: Repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of successive
clauses, as seen in Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech where
he repeats “I have a dream” to emphasize his vision for equality.
2. Epistrophe: Repetition at the end of successive clauses, like Winston
Churchill’s use in his “Their Finest Hour” speech, stating, “we shall fight on
the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the
fields and in the streets.”
3. Polysyndeton: Repeated use of conjunctions within a sentence, creating a
flowing and rhythmic effect. John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address includes
the phrase “Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of
belaboring those problems which divide us.”
4. Epizeuxis: Immediate repetition of a word or phrase for emphasis. In
Shakespeare’s “Richard III,” the character Richard declares, “A horse! A
horse! My kingdom for a horse!”
16

These repetition techniques enhance the persuasive power of speeches, making
them memorable and emotionally compelling.
Repetition in texts throughout history has served various purposes,
contributing to the rhetorical and literary impact. Some examples include:
1. Biblical Texts: The Bible often employs repetition for emphasis, as seen in
the repeated phrases “and it was good” in the creation story of Genesis.
2. Poetry: Poets use repetition for artistic effect. In T.S. Eliot’s poem “The
Waste Land,” the repeated line “April is the cruellest month” emphasizes a
theme of disillusionment.
3. Political Speeches: In political writings, repetition reinforces key ideas.
Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense” repeated the call for independence,
influencing public opinion during the American Revolution.
4. Novels: Authors use repetition to highlight themes or motifs. Charles
Dickens’ “A Tale of Two Cities” famously begins with “It was the best of
times, it was the worst of times,” setting the tone for the novel.
5. Speeches of Activists: Malcolm X’s “The Ballot or the Bullet” speech
employed repetition, emphasizing the urgency of African Americans’
political involvement for achieving civil rights.
Throughout history, repetition has been a powerful literary device, employed
by writers across genres to convey meaning, evoke emotions, and leave a lasting
impression on readers.
Indeed, while repetition can be a powerful tool, its overuse or manipulation in
texts may lead to negative perceptions. Excessive repetition can make a piece seem
monotonous, dull, or even manipulative. When used for persuasive purposes, it
might come across as heavy-handed or insincere, diminishing the impact of the
message.
Ineffective repetition can also be perceived as a lack of creativity or an attempt
to compensate for weak arguments. Striking the right balance and employing
repetition judiciously is crucial to maintain the audience’s engagement and avoid
17

potential negative reactions. The overuse of repetition in a negative context can
create several undesirable effects:
1. Monotony: Excessive repetition can make a text monotonous, causing
readers or listeners to disengage due to the lack of variety.
2. Loss of Impact: Repetition is most effective when used selectively for
emphasis. Overuse diminishes its impact, diluting the intended emphasis and
making the repeated elements lose their significance.
3. Irritation: Too much repetition can irritate readers or listeners, leading to a
negative perception of the text or speech. It may be seen as unnecessary or
even patronizing.
4. Manipulation: In some cases, overuse of repetition might be perceived as an
attempt to manipulate emotions or opinions, raising questions about the
sincerity or integrity of the communicator.
5. Diminished Credibility: Excessive repetition without substantial content
may erode the credibility of the speaker or writer, as it may be seen as an
attempt to mask weak arguments.
Balancing repetition with other rhetorical devices and using it judiciously is
essential to avoid these negative outcomes and ensure the effectiveness of the
communication. The manipulation of repetition involves using repeated words,
phrases, or ideas in a way that seeks to influence or manipulate the audience’s
emotions, perceptions, or opinions. This can be done intentionally to create a
specific impact, often relying on the psychological effect of reinforcement through
repetition.
In some cases, manipulative repetition might involve:
1. Emotional Appeal: Repeating emotionally charged words or phrases to
evoke a particular emotional response from the audience.
2. Creating Illusions of Consensus: Using repetition to give the impression that
a certain idea or viewpoint is widely accepted, even if it may not be
universally supported.
18

3. Stifling Opposition: Employing repetition to drown out or dismiss opposing
views, creating an atmosphere where alternative perspectives are
marginalized.
4. Building Authority: Repeating certain claims or slogans to establish
authority and make them appear more credible, even if the underlying
content lacks substance.
While repetition is a legitimate rhetorical device, its manipulation raises
ethical concerns when it is employed to deceive, control, or unduly influence
others. Recognizing such manipulation is crucial for critical thinking and
evaluating the integrity of communication.
Overusing repetition in communication can dilute its impact, making the
message seem monotonous or insincere. Manipulative repetition, such as
employing it to reinforce false information, may erode trust and credibility,
fostering negative perceptions. Additionally, excessive repetition can contribute to
cognitive fatigue, hindering effective communication and diminishing the desired
outcome. Indeed, repetition, when employed without careful consideration, can
lead to unintended consequences. It may contribute to message fatigue, where the
audience becomes desensitized or disengaged due to the repetitive nature of the
communication. This can hinder effective understanding and retention of
information, potentially distorting the intended impact of the message.
Overuse of Repetitions
There are times when repetition is not used intentionally in writing. The writer
might have a restricted vocabulary or included clauses or phrases that simply
repeated a word or idea with no addition to the overall message. It is important to
avoid repetition in these cases since it will slow down, you’re writing and make it
hard for your reader to follow you. For instance:
Pauline discovered why Pauline ‘s mother named her Pauline when she discovered
that her grandmother’s second name was Pauline.
19

In the above example, “Pauline” is used frequently. It is possible to avoid this
excessive repetition by substituting pronouns or by replacing the name with a short
phrase.
How to Use Repetitions Wisely
In careful writing, repetition is used to enhance the reader’s experience
without boring their readers. It is also important for writers to reinforce their points
by repeating strong words rather than replacing them with weak ones.
By reading it aloud, you can determine how well repetition is used in your
writing. If you notice too many repetitions in your writing, use pronouns,
synonyms, or even a new sentence to improve the flow before you share it with
others.
Thus, it can be said that schemes have to do with the grammatical or linguistic
breach of expressions, literally, to allow for further emphasis and attention through
some elements of repetition manifested in the phonological, graphological or
formal patterning of these expressions. In other words, schemes concern formal
repetitions intended to foreground or underline aspects of an expression.
According to Leech (1969), formal repetition, in a verbal form (such as in music),
operates within the framework of parallelism. In other words, formal repetition
serves as a tool on which parallelism thrives. Directly opposite to this concept is
free verbal repetition, which generally seems to be the most predominantly used
repetitive technique in music. This is probably because it is common in speech and
as such, easier to construct in any verbal art; however, its stylistic effects may be
felt from several fronts. Leech adds that free verbal repetition refers to the free
repetition of form. Thus, it stands to be the replication of already existing parts of a
text, be it a word, phrase or sentence. The replication could be immediate or
intermittent. Repetition is a phenomenon predominant in almost every field of life.
It stands to be one of the oldest rhetorical techniques of art used to achieve several
effects. Repetition is a tool employed in achieving several other literary
techniques, such as assonance, alliteration and rhyming. Chorus in music also
20

employs repetition, which makes repetition a much more constructive and dynamic
phenomenon. As noted by several researchers, repetition is pervasive in music.
This is probably because repetition “is almost involuntary to a person in a state of
extreme emotional excitation” and music “is the shorthand of emotion”. In other
words, repetition is a perfect, indispensable tool which enables music to deliver
emotions and several other effects. On the other hand, there is the intermittent form
of free verbal repetition referred to as place. This, according to Leech (1969), is
much premised on pun as its mechanism. In effect, the repetition of an item or
grammatical unit will have an intrusion in between the two repeated units as one
that is intermittent. However, there is also the manipulation in the sense of
meaning where the meanings placed on the repeated items are conditioned to vary,
yet there is still the phonological (and to some extent, graphological repetition)
replication of the item. Thus, the place type of free verbal repetition may be
represented as A (y) + B + A (x) where A is the repeated item, “y” and “x” are the
variants of sense of meaning of the repeated item and B is the intrusion element. A
typical example of this is present in 5Five s “Gargantuan Body”: But every boy‟
like you hot If you pass, Smoke dye follow like you be jot There is a lot I no go fit
jot. The repeated structure or item in the above is “jot”. First, the above repetition
is place because “jot” is repeated in an irregular pattern where the structures in
which they are placed follow no peculiar grammatical structuring, and as such, the
repeated item, “jot”, plays different grammatical roles as an adjective and a verb
respectively. The second thing is that though the word is replicated both
phonologically and grammatically, it has been conditioned to have different senses
of meaning at its respective positions where the first instance of usage is
conditioned by the lexical items “hot”, “smoke” and “follow” to make the repeated
item, “jot”, take on the meaning of the smallest bit (possibly the last and best) of
any drug that is being smoked, in this case (Ghana), cigarettes. The second
instance of usage takes on the denotative meaning of “jot” which is to write
quickly (a verb) which is signalled by the verb elements, “no”, “go”, “fit”.
21

2.2. Offer tips on balancing repetition to avoid monotony while maintaining
persuasive impact
Balancing repetition in writing involves using repeated elements strategically
to enhance the overall impact without causing monotony or redundancy. It’s about
finding the right equilibrium between reinforcing key points and maintaining
variety to keep the reader engaged. This balance ensures that repetition serves a
purpose, such as emphasizing important ideas, creating rhythm, or aiding
comprehension, without becoming excessive or tiresome.
When balancing repetition in writing, consider these tips:
1. Purposeful Repetition: Use repetition intentionally to emphasize key points
or create a rhythm. Ensure it serves a purpose in reinforcing your message.
2. Variety in Language: Vary your language and phrasing to avoid monotony.
Synonyms, different sentence structures, and diverse vocabulary can add
richness to your writing.
3. Context Matters: Repetition may be more acceptable in certain contexts,
such as speeches or persuasive writing, where emphasis is crucial. Be
mindful of the purpose and audience.
4. Use Parallelism: If repeating a structure, maintain parallelism to create a
pleasing rhythm. Consistent patterns can make repetition more engaging.
5. Consider Sentence Length: Mix up sentence lengths to avoid a monotonous
cadence. Short and long sentences can add dynamism to your writing.
6. Repetition for Emphasis: Repetition can be a powerful tool for emphasizing
a point. Use it sparingly to drive home important ideas.
7. Transition Words: Employ transition words and phrases to link repeated
elements, aiding flow and cohesion in your writing.
8. Edit for Clarity: Sometimes repetition arises from unclear expression.
Review your writing to ensure clarity, eliminating unnecessary repetition.
9. Reader’s Perspective: Consider how the repetition may be perceived by the
reader. Is it enhancing their understanding, or does it risk becoming tedious?
22

10. Test Read Aloud: Reading your work aloud can help identify areas of
awkward repetition. It provides a sense of the flow and rhythm that might
not be apparent on silent reading.
Remember, the key is a mindful and purposeful use of repetition to enhance
your writing without overwhelming your audience.
Using repetition to avoid monotony involves employing repeated elements
purposefully to add emphasis, rhythm, or structure to your writing. Here are some
ways repetition can be beneficial:
1. Emphasis: Repeating key words or phrases can highlight important points,
making them stand out and resonate with the reader.
2. Rhythm and Flow: Controlled repetition can contribute to a pleasing rhythm
in your writing, creating a cadence that keeps the reader engaged.
3. Structural Cohesion: Repetition can provide structural cohesion in longer
pieces of writing, helping to tie different sections together.
4. Memorability: Repeated elements are more likely to be remembered by the
reader. This can be particularly useful for reinforcing central themes or
messages.
5. Creating Patterns: Intentional repetition can establish patterns, giving your
writing a sense of organization and predictability.
However, it’s crucial to balance repetition with variety. Too much repetition
can lead to monotony and bore the reader. To avoid this, mix up your language,
sentence structures, and overall style while still using repetition strategically for
impact. It’s a delicate art of finding the right amount and type of repetition that
enhances your writing without becoming tiresome.
To avoid monotony, I incorporate a variety of strategies in my responses:
1. Diverse Vocabulary: I use a wide range of words and synonyms to express
ideas, preventing repetitive language.
2. Varied Sentence Structures: I employ different sentence lengths and
structures to maintain a dynamic and engaging writing style.
23

3. Contextual Adaptation: I tailor my responses based on the context and
nature of the conversation, ensuring relevance and diversity in the
information provided.
4. Avoiding Predictability: I strive to introduce unexpected elements in my
responses to keep the interaction fresh and prevent a sense of predictability.
5. Adaptation to User Input: I respond to the user’s inquiries and prompts in a
way that aligns with their preferences and needs, fostering a more
personalized and interesting conversation.
6. Balanced Repetition: While repetition can be effective for emphasis, I use it
judiciously, ensuring it adds value without becoming monotonous.
These techniques collectively contribute to a conversational style that aims to
be informative, engaging, and adaptable to different topics and user preferences.
It, this/these and that/those can all be used to refer to something that has just
been mentioned or that has been mentioned previously. It is used to refer to
something we are already talking or writing about, with no particular emphasis.
We watched the latest episode last night. It was OK, but not nearly as good as the
previous ones.
This (or these) is more emphatic and often shows that something is new or
interesting. This often signals that more is about to be said about the topic. More
funding has been approved for primary schools in the area. This does not, however,
solve the problem faced by …That (or those) is also more emphatic than it and is
used in a similar way to this. However, that suggests greater distance. For example,
we can use that to distance ourselves from a particular idea:
They’re idiots! … OK, sorry, maybe that was unfair.
A: I refuse to do this any more!
B: I understand you’re upset, but I think that’s going a bit too far.
Or that/those can refer to an idea mentioned further back in the text:
A classic mistake inexperienced hikers make is to pack things they don’t really
need. Such items can include shoes, extra toiletries and electronics. (Two
24

paragraphs later) Those extra kilos of weight are soon left behind as hikers learn to
reduce what they carry to a minimum. That/those is also chosen over this/these to
suggest greater physical distance:
Scientists believe that some animals may use the Earth’s magnetic fields to
find their way from A to B, even if that B is thousands of miles away.
To avoid too much word repetition, consider the following tips, and you’ll be
sure to dodge the habit of sounding like a broken record.
Reword it.
If you’re repeating a sentence for the sake of solidifying a point, or to bring
the reader back to the original idea, take a sentence you’ve already written and re-
structure it completely. Present your points in a different order. Try to replace as
many of the words as you can with new ones that say the same thing. Not only will
this solve the repetition problem, it will add a more dynamic rhythm to the
structure of your writing — which makes reading much more interesting.
Use a thesaurus.
This tactic is known to be taken a little too far at times. And it becomes
obvious in the writing — so use it sparingly. Look up one of your commonly used
words and find it a fitting new replacement. Just try not to choose something too
obscure, because that will very noticeably show who you consulted for your word
choice.
Read your writing out loud.
This is a great habit to develop for more than just avoiding repetition. When
you read what you wrote out loud, you hear how it sounds. It’s easy to lose track of
this while you’re in the heat of the moment typing away before your brilliance
disappears. So, when you do revisit your words, say them out loud and hear how
well they blend together. You’d be surprised at what you’ll hear.
Break it up.
Run-on sentences are by far the most commonly corrected errors editor’s
encounter. Break up your sentences. Turn one long thought into two or three
25

shorter ones. This way, you’ll inadvertently deal with repetition. And you’ll see
what deserves to stay and what can afford to go. Plus, you’ll add cadence to your
writing that will make it easier to absorb. A nice combination of short and long
sentences is more impactful than just one or the other.
Editors and proofreaders, in addition to their multitude of talents, are trained to
watch for repetition as well as grammatical errors. If you’re still struggling with
this even after applying these tips, professional editing services can help you out.
When writing in English, it is usually preferable to avoid the repetition of words
and phrases within a sentence. Where possible, it is even a good idea to avoid it in
sentences that are close together. However, it is sometimes difficult for academics
writing in English as an Additional Language (EAL) to find ways to avoid saying
exactly the same thing several times. This article offers you some tips on how you
can trim repeated phrases from your writing and make it easier to read.
Using synonyms
One useful approach is to find substitute words or phrases that mean the same
(or at least a similar) thing; these are known as synonyms. English (as most other
languages) has a very large vocabulary, and there are usually many different ways
to express something. Consider the introductory paragraphs of this article. They
include ‘repetition’, ‘saying exactly the same thing several times’, and ‘repeated
phrases. All of these have roughly the same meaning, but they are each expressed
differently.
Note: A thesaurus can be a good option for finding synonyms. However, you
should exercise caution when doing this, because not everything listed as a
synonym of a word can be used as a simple or exact replacement. This is especially
true in a scientific context.
For example, the word ‘transparent’ may have ‘crystal’ listed as one of its
synonyms, but formally, they can mean very different things. Similarly, ‘see-
through’ may be given as another synonym for ‘transparent’, but in comparison, it
is an informal and very imprecise term.
26

If you have any doubts about a particular word or phrase found in a thesaurus,
then, if possible, it may be best to get advice from someone whose first language is
English. Alternatively, try to find some clear examples of how the word or phrase
may be used and then gauge whether it would be suitable for the context of your
own scientific writing.
Using grammatical substitutions
An important way to reduce repetition is to use grammatical substitutions.
These are usually words that refer to another explicit word or phrase in such a way
that the meaning is still clear. Consider these two sentences:
The containers were cleaned using deionised water to remove any remaining
salts from the containers. The containers were then dried in an oven at 60°C.This
may be a natural construction in some languages, but it sounds clunky in English.
These sentences would be better if they were written as:
The containers were cleaned using deionised water to remove any remaining
salts from them. They were then dried in an oven at 60°C.
Here, a noun (‘containers’) has been replaced with two different pronouns
(‘them’ and ‘they’). The meaning, however, is unchanged, and the sentences now
read more fluently. A similar approach can be used with whole phrases:
Extracting the themes from the interview transcripts can be a slow process.
However, it is an essential step towards understanding the problem.
Here, seven words have been re-expressed with just ‘it’.
Another useful construction is ‘to do so’. This can be used to refer back to a
verb phrase:
Polar bears generally catch and consume seals, but they are often unable to do
so in the winter months.
In this example, you may have noticed that ‘they’ is also used in place of
‘polar bears. Sometimes, authors also use words like ‘utilise’ when ‘use’ would be
just fine, or they might write ‘advancements’ instead of ‘advances. This falls in the
same category as using ‘in order to’ when ‘to’ would mean the same thing (as
27

mentioned in this article). It is always worth considering whether there is a simpler
way to express something complicated.
Conclusion on Chapter II
Delivering political message may be one of the trickiest issues due to the fact
it is normally characterized by means of the utilization of one-of-a-kind methods
and techniques that permit politicians to bring their political messages forward and
persuade human beings of their ideologies and thoughts. It is really an appropriate
vicinity that is really worth studying and exploring about some of the points that
signify this type of stylistic tool. The analysis sheds light on why repetition is used
as a fundamental method in politicians’ speech to replicate inclusiveness and
create a shared responsibility with the audience. Repetition is no longer only
designed for the sake of language style, but also, it is used to serve distinctive
political purposes. The incidence of distinct kinds of repetition in politicians’
speech suggests that language can, without a problem, be manipulated now not
only to display his stylistic command as a political speaker, but additionally to
convey his political ideologies and views that might also have an instant impact on
the audience. The evaluation usually focuses on the pronominal, clausal and
phrasal repetition as they are salient aspects in three politicians’ speech. Finally,
the conclusion sums up the effects of this study repetition is a favored tool among
orators because it can help to emphasize a point and make a speech easier to
follow. It additionally adds to the powers of persuasion—studies exhibit that
repetition of a phrase can convince humans of its truth. While investigating this
theme, I made an attempt to find clues to the following question
• What is the effect of repetition as a stylistic device?
• What is the impact of the repetition in elements of political language m
• Why the practice of using repetition in speeches are underestimated because
of the poor stereotypes we have with being repetitive?
28

One of the important ways in which Trump persuades his target audience is
through repetition. The repetition of these sentences creates a poetic style that can
have an instantaneous emotional bearing on the audience. That can surely be
considered in the warm applause which right away started after the ultimate
sentence. In addition, by repeating the phrase “America” in every sentence, Trump
tries to exhibit his affiliation and loyalty to America and the American people. The
strongest way Martin Luther King Jr. Uses repetition with the aid of repeating the
title of the speech: “I have a dream.” Through this repetition, he is able to point out
what he envisions as a racially equal America. He desires that Americans will live
by means of the concept that people are created equal, and therefore, each person
live in harmony. When it comes to Winston Churchill, the famous orator makes
use of enumeration and repetition in his speech to underline positive ideas and
create a dramatic, memorable effect. For instance, Churchill states that he has full
self belief that the British will shield themselves, no matter how long and how hard
the combat might be. Repetition is a persuasive approach frequently used via
politicians, journalists, and advertisers – but why is it so effective? According to a
number of psychological studies, repeating easy phrases and phrases can persuade
us that they are true, even if they aren’t. This is partly because we have a tendency
to take repetition as a social cue; when we hear something extra than once, we are
inclined to be given it as actual because we suppose that the relaxation of the crew
may also trust it. In addition, we are more possibly to believe ideas that come
easily to us; therefore, the extra familiar we come to be with words and ideas, the
extra we will take them to be true. However, this is only accurate to a certain
extent. Psychologists additionally observed that the top-of-the-line quantity of
times some things need to be repeated to hold its effectiveness goes between three
and five; beyond this range, repetition can really have the contrary effect. More
importantly, studies exhibit that the use of repetition as a persuasive tactic is most
powerful when the audience is now not paying shut attention. This skill that
attentive listeners are less likely to be swayed by using weak arguments simply
29

because they are being repeated. A mixture of theoretical frameworks regarding
linguistic and non-linguistic analytical aspects can clarify the processes to notice
“repetition” and tie it with “ideology”. In addition to the descriptive notion,
comparative and analytical methods will be conducted. Concerning the adopted
translation strategies to deliver “repetition». The translation strategies of this
article are conceived by using the socio-political linguists. This comparative
process is practiced to expose the media agendas towards the politicians’ speeches.
In addition to the descriptive notion, comparative and analytical methods will be
conducted. Concerning the adopted translation strategies to bring “repetition” from
different aspects of politics. This comparative process is practiced to expose the
media agendas toward certain world leader’s speeches. Three exclusive political
speeches of three politicians: Martin Luther king, Winston Churchill and a former
president of the USA, Donald Trump are gathered from special digital websites.
These speeches were delivered all through decisive moments of the either
revolution or election or inauguration in the course of exceptional spans of history.
Comparing the used translation procedures, which are used to render “repetition”
into English, is additionally a critical procedural step towards achieving the study
purpose.
30

CONCLUSION
Repetition can reinforce information, emphasize key points, and enhance
memorization. However, excessive repetition may lead to monotony or diminished
effectiveness. The conclusion depends on the context and purpose of the repetition.
The purpose of using repetition varies depending on the context. It can reinforce
important points, enhance learning or memorization, create emphasis, and
contribute to the overall rhythm and structure of communication. Repetition is a
powerful tool in language and communication, used strategically to achieve
specific goals. Here are some examples of repetition in different contexts:
1. Literature/Poetry: - “Nevermore” in Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Raven.”
- “I have a dream” in Martin Luther King Jr.’s famous speech.
2. Advertising: - “Just do it” – Nike’s slogan.
- “Have a break, have a Kit Kat” – Kit Kat advertisement.
3. Music: - The chorus of “Let It Go” in Disney’s Frozen.
- The repetition of the phrase “I will survive” in Gloria Gaynor’s song.
4. Speeches: - Winston Churchill’s famous wartime speech: “We shall fight on
the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and
in the streets...”
5. Educational Settings: - Repeating key concepts in a lecture to reinforce
learning.
- Flashcards for language learning with repeated exposure to words.
These examples showcase how repetition is used across various mediums for
emphasis, memorization, and impact.
Repetition is not intuitive. People don’t generally want to repeat themselves,
and yet, some of history’s most famous speeches—from Martin Luther King’s “I
Have a Dream” to Winston Churchill’s “We Shall Fight on These Beaches”—
contain repetition. Used intentionally in the right context, repetition can be a
powerful tool to make an audience savor words, understand a point, or believe in a
cause. Persuasive techniques or strategies in written and spoken form have been
31

developed throughout time as ways to influence others. In the business world,
being able to influence others is key to being successful, especially in fields such
as sales and marketing. Repetition is sometimes cited as a way to increase
persuasive abilities in these areas. A carefully planned and executed repetition
strategy can increase the effectiveness of your message. However, small business
owners who use this technique also should be aware of its pitfalls. Repetition is a
powerful rhetorical device that can enhance your persuasive speech by
emphasizing your main points, creating a memorable impression, and appealing to
your audience’s emotions. However, repetition can also backfire if you use it too
much, too little, or in the wrong way. In this article, you will learn some tips for
using repetition effectively in your persuasive speech, such as choosing the right
words, using different types of repetition, and balancing repetition with variety.
The first tip for using repetition in a persuasive speech is to choose the right words
to repeat. You want to select words that are relevant, meaningful, and impactful for
your topic, purpose, and audience. For example, if you are giving a speech about
climate change, you might want to repeat words like “action”, “responsibility”, and
“future”. These words convey a sense of urgency, accountability, and vision that
can motivate your listeners to care about your message. Avoid repeating words that
are vague, generic, or irrelevant, as they will weaken your speech and bore your
audience. The second tip for using repetition in a persuasive speech is to use
different types of repetition to create different effects. Anaphora is the repetition of
the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive sentences or clauses, like in
the example “We need to act now. We need to act together. We need to act for our
planet.” Epistrophe is the repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of
successive sentences or clauses, such as in “Our children deserve a better world.
Our planet deserves a better world. We deserve a better world.” Antimetabole is
the repetition of the same words or phrases in reverse order, as seen in “Ask not
what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”
Alliteration involves repeating the same sound or letter at the beginning of adjacent
32

or closely connected words, as demonstrated by “She sells seashells by the
seashore.” These types of repetition can help you create rhythm, coherence,
emphasis, and contrast in your speech, and make it more memorable and catchier
for your audience. The third tip for using repetition in a persuasive speech is to
find a balance between repetition and variety. If you repeat the same words or
phrases too often, too close together, or without any variation, your audience will
quickly lose interest. To avoid this, you need to vary the length, structure, and tone
of your sentences and paragraphs. Additionally, use synonyms, antonyms,
examples, and anecdotes to support and illustrate your repeated words or phrases.
Additionally, mix different types of repetition and use them at different points in
your speech. Finally, break up your repetition with questions, pauses, gestures, and
transitions. By using this combination of repetition and variety you can keep your
audience engaged and curious about your speech without sounding repetitive and
boring. The fourth tip for using repetition in a persuasive speech is to review your
repetition before and after your speech. You need to check if your repetition is
appropriate, effective, and consistent with your speech goals and audience
expectations. To do this, ask yourself why you are repeating a certain word or
phrase and what effect you want to achieve. Additionally, read your speech aloud
or record yourself and listen to how your repetition sounds. Furthermore, seek
feedback from others, such as peers, mentors, or coaches, on how your repetition
works. Lastly, edit, revise, or remove any repetition that is unnecessary, confusing,
or distracting. By taking the time to review your repetition, you can improve your
speech and ensure that your repetition serves its purpose and enhances your
message. When delivering a persuasive speech, it’s important to practice your
repetition beforehand. You should memorize your repeated words or phrases and
their locations, mark your speech notes with cues, practice in front of a mirror or a
friend, try different ways of saying your words or phrases, and adjust according to
feedback. Practicing your repetition can help you master your speech and deliver it
33

with confidence and conviction. Ultimately, these tips will enable you to use
repetition wisely and skillfully in your persuasive speech.
34

11.Panasenko, N. The role of syntactic stylistic means in express-Ing the emotion
term love // Research in Language. The Journal of University of Lodz, 2013. Vol.
11 (3). DOI: 10.2478/v10015-012-0016-6.
12.Stashko, H. Sound symbolism in female images creation (based on American
song folklore) // Science and education a new di-mansion. Philology, 2016. IV
(20), Is. 85, P. 60-63.
13. Stashbox, H. Phonetic and syntactic stylistic means in media space:
Manipulation or emotional commonplace? // Commune-cation Today, 2018. Vol.
9, No. 2, P. 132-142.
14.Stashko, H. When phonetics matters: Creation and perception of female images
in song folklore // Lega artis. Language yester-day, today, tomorrow. The journal
of University of SS Cyril and Methodius in Trinova, 2017. II (1), P. 299-335.
DOI: 10.1515/lart-2017-0008
15.The Free Dictionary.
16.Thompson, P.D., Estes, Z. 2011. Sound symbolic naming of novel objects is a
graded function // The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 2011. 64
(12), P. 2392-2404. REFERENCES
17.Stashko, H.I. Female images in American song folklore: Lin-Guo stylistic and
linguoculturological aspects. Thesis for the Candidate Degree in Philology,
Speciality 10.02.04 – Germanic Languages. Kyiv National Linguistic University,
Kyiv, 2016.
18.Stashko, H.I. Засоби стилістичної фонетики у створенні жіночих
образів ( на матеріалі американського пісенного фольклору ) Means of
stylistic phonetics in creating female im-ages (based on American song folklore) //
Scientific Proceedings of the National University of “Ostroh Academy”.
“Philology” Series, 2014. Iss. 44. P. 293-295.
36

INTERNET RESOURCES
1.https://dictionary.cam-bridge.org/
2.https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/
3.http://seanewdim.com/uploads/3/4/5/1/34511564/fil_iv20_85.pdf
4.https://www.thefreediction-ary.com/
5.https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.masterclass.com/
articles/writing-101-what-is-repetition-7-types-of-repetition-in-writing-with-
examples&ved=2ahUKEwi_2NG5xYyEAxViQFUIHaIMDkIQFnoECAoQBQ&us
g=AOvVaw0c0uXyfJtD3zUfMMdojcqP
6.https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=http://
www.nonprofitcopywriter.com/
repetition.html&ved=2ahUKEwi_2NG5xYyEAxViQFUIHaIMDkIQFnoECCMQ
AQ&usg=AOvVaw0jB76VOx1rCiDix6Va0Mla
7.https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.twinkl.com/teaching-
wiki/
repetition&ved=2ahUKEwi_2NG5xYyEAxViQFUIHaIMDkIQFnoECEUQAQ&u
sg=AOvVaw0U1IMV0HCXmLlK4hNPDhOR
8.https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.linkedin.com/advice/
0/what-some-tips-using-repetition-persuasive-
speech&ved=2ahUKEwi_2NG5xYyEAxViQFUIHaIMDkIQFnoECCAQAQ&usg
=AOvVaw1C9hKio61QEw1dA-rRVFpv
9.https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://literarydevices.net/
repetition/&ved=2ahUKEwi1z53qxYyEAxX1LBAIHaE-
BLUQFnoECCMQAQ&usg=AOvVaw16hIcfYdSpLabIOiYDBndq
37

10.https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://thefluentlife.com/content/
repetition-figure-speech-examples-examines/amp/
&ved=2ahUKEwi1z53qxYyEAxX1LBAIHaE-
BLUQFnoECB8QAQ&usg=AOvVaw0W3f_eo4T75NeuP-Hb_PTL
38

The role of repetition in persuasive texts

Купить

Похожие документы
Analysis of English and Uzbek poetry
Sohaga oid matnlar tarjimasidagi muammolar
Tarjimaning lingvistik va nolingvistik aspektlari
Ilmiy-texnikaviy tarjima
Tarjima nazaryasi va amaliyoti tarixi