Ulughbeg

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Ulughbeg

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Born March 22, 1394 Died October 27, 1449

$UlughBeg  Ulugh Beg ( Uzbek : Muhammad Tarag'ay Ulug'beg, Муҳаммад Тарағай Улуғбек; Persian : گی\u0003\u0003\u0003 ب‌غل \u0003\u0003ا‌خر ا \u0003\u0003ش ‌ن \u0003\u0003\u0003 ب‌ق \u0003را \u0003ط ‌دمح \u0003م‌ازری \u0003م ہ ‌ –‌ Mīrzā Muhammad Tāraghay bin Shāhrukh Uluġ Beg ) (March 22, 1394 in Sultaniyeh ( Persia ) – October 27, 1449 ( Samarkand )) was a Timurid ruler as well as an astronomer , mathematician and sultan . His commonly-known name is not truly a personal name, but rather a moniker , which can be loosely translated as "Great Ruler" or "Patriarch Ruler" and was the Turkic equivalent of Timur 's Perso-Arabic title Amīr-e Kabīr . [1] His real name was Mīrzā Mohammad Tāraghay bin Shāhrokh . Ulugh Beg was also notable for his work in astronomy-related$

Early life  He was the grandson of the conqueror, Timur (Tamerlane) (1336–1405), and oldest son of Shah Rukh , both of whom came from the Turkicized Barlas tribe of Transoxiana (now Uzbekistan ). His mother was a Turkic noblewoman named Goharshad . Ulugh Beg was born in Sultaniyeh in Persia . As a child he wandered through a substantial part of the Middle East and India as his grandfather expanded his conquests in those areas. With Timur's death, however, and the accession of Ulugh Beg's father to much of the Timurid Empire , he settled in Samarkand , which had been Timur's capital. After Shah Rukh moved the capital to Herat (in modern Afghanistan ), sixteen-year-old Ulugh Beg became the shah's governor in Samarkand in 1409. In 1411, he became the sovereign ruler of the wh

Ulugbek observatory - constructed by Ulugbek in 1428-1429, 46 meters in diameter, 30 meters in height. In the main hall huge instrument was placed for observations of Moon, Sun, and other stars of the vault of heaven. Observatory was unique construction for its time. The basis of observatory was giant goniometer (vertical circle), radius of circle was equal 40,212 meters, and the length of arc was 63 meters. The main instrument-sextant-was oriented with amazing exactness by line of meridian from south to north. Contribution of creation astronomic catalog-“Zidji-Gurgani”, known as “Star tables of Ulugbek” belongs to Ulugbek. Whole galaxy of great scientists was working on them for a long period and finished them to 1437.

Death  Ulugh's scientific expertise was not matched by his skills in governance. When he heard of the death of his father Shah Rukh , Ulugh Beg went to Balkh , where he heard that his Mirza Ala-ud-Daulah , son of Ulugh's brother Baysonqor , had claimed the emirship of the Timurid Empire in Herat . Consequently Ulugh Beg marched against Ala-ud-Daulah and met him in battle at Morgab . Having won this battle, Ulugh Beg advanced toward Herat and massacred its people in 1448, but Ala-ud-Daulah's brother Mirza Abul-Qasim Babur bin Baysonqor came to his aid, defeating Ulugh Beg. Ulugh Beg retreated to Balkh, where he found that its governor, his oldest son 'Abd al-Latif , had rebelled against him. Another civil war ensued. Within two years, he was beheaded by the order of his own

Ulugbek Madrasah, Bukhara  As evidenced by the inscription on the bronze plate at the door, this structure was completed in fourteen seventeen. Ulugbek Madrasah is the oldest Madrasah in Central Asia, this was the first of three built by Ulugbek, grandson of the famous Tamer the Great. Unlike Tamerlane, however, Ulugbek was much more interested in the pursuit of knowledge than in conquering lands. Inscribed on the Madrasah in Bukhara are the words Ulugbek believed in: "The pursuit of knowledge is the obligation of every Muslin man and woman". The building is covered in gorgeous tiles of various sizes and of various shades of blue. In addition, there is a multitude of white star-like designs covering the walls. One look at the stately building gives one the feeling that something a

 The Ulugbek Madrasah has its imposing portal with lancet arch facing the square. The corners are flanked by the high well- proportioned minarets. Mosaic panel over the entrance arch is decorated by geometrical stylized ornaments. The square-shaped courtyard includes a mosque, lecture rooms and is fringed by the dormitory cells in which students lived. There are deep galleries along the axes. Originally the Ulugbek Madrasah was a two- storied building with four domed darskhonas (lecture room) at the corners. The madrasah was one of the best clergy universities of the whole Moslem Orient of the 15th century.

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