Uzbekistan - highly developed industry and agriculture - Английский язык - Презентации

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Uzbekistan - highly developed industry and agriculture

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UZBEKISTAN: HIGHLY UZBEKISTAN: HIGHLY DEVELOPED INDUSTRY DEVELOPED INDUSTRY AND AGRICULTUREAND AGRICULTURE

 Uzbekistan's industrial sector accounted for 33 percent of its NMP in 1991. Despite some efforts to diversify its industrial base, industry remains dominated by raw materials extraction and processing, most of which is connected with cotton production and minerals. As illustrated especially by the domestic oil industry, in the Soviet era industrial production generally lagged behind consumption, making Uzbekistan a net importer of many industrial products.

Heavy IndustryHeavy Industry  The Tashkent region, in the northeastern The Tashkent region, in the northeastern "peninsula" adjacent to the Fergana Valley, "peninsula" adjacent to the Fergana Valley, accounts for about one-third of the industrial accounts for about one-third of the industrial output of Uzbekistan, with agricultural machinery output of Uzbekistan, with agricultural machinery the most important product. The city is the the most important product. The city is the nucleus of an industrial region that was nucleus of an industrial region that was established near mineral and hydroelectric established near mineral and hydroelectric resources stretching across northeastern resources stretching across northeastern Uzbekistan from the Syrdariya in the west to the Uz

 Uzbekistan's most productive Uzbekistan's most productive heavy industries have been heavy industries have been extraction of natural gas and extraction of natural gas and oil; oil refining; mining and oil; oil refining; mining and mineral processing; machine mineral processing; machine building, especially equipment building, especially equipment for cotton cultivation and the for cotton cultivation and the textile industry; coal mining; textile industry; coal mining; and the ferrous metallurgy, and the ferrous metallurgy, chemical, and electrical power chemical, and electrical power industries. The chemical industries. The chemical manufacturing industry manufacturing industry focuses primarily on the focuses primarily on the production of fertilizer.production of fertilizer.

Light IndustryLight Industry  Two oil refineries in Uzbekistan, located at Farghona Two oil refineries in Uzbekistan, located at Farghona and Amtiari, have a combined capacity of 173,000 and Amtiari, have a combined capacity of 173,000 barrels per day. Other centers of the processing barrels per day. Other centers of the processing industries include Angren (for coal), Bekobod industries include Angren (for coal), Bekobod (steel), Olmaliq (copper, zinc, and molybdenum), (steel), Olmaliq (copper, zinc, and molybdenum), Zarafshon (gold), and Yangiobod (uranium). The Zarafshon (gold), and Yangiobod (uranium). The Uzbek fertilizer industry was established at Chirchiq, Uzbek fertilizer industry was established at Chirchiq, northeast of Tashkent, near Samarqand, and at northeast of Tashkent, ne

 The predominant light industries are primary The predominant light industries are primary processing of cotton, wool, and silk into fabric for processing of cotton, wool, and silk into fabric for export, and food processing. In 1989 light export, and food processing. In 1989 light industry accounted for 27.1 percent of industrial industry accounted for 27.1 percent of industrial production; that category was completely production; that category was completely dominated by two sectors, textiles (18.2 percent) dominated by two sectors, textiles (18.2 percent) and agricultural food processing (8.9 percent). and agricultural food processing (8.9 percent). The nature of the Uzbek textile industry in the The nature of the Uzbek textile industry in the mid-1990s reflects the Soviet allotment to

 Agriculture is one of the prior and large sectors of Agriculture is one of the prior and large sectors of the national economy. Uzbekistan is one of the the national economy. Uzbekistan is one of the most favorable regions for growing various most favorable regions for growing various agricultural as well as industrial crops.agricultural as well as industrial crops.  Agriculture is a leading sector by number and Agriculture is a leading sector by number and proportion of all of the employed in the economy. proportion of all of the employed in the economy. The sector provides population with necessary The sector provides population with necessary food, and raw to other branches of economy. food, and raw to other branches of economy. Nearly 63 percent of the population in Uzbekistan Nearl

 Since Uzbekistan gained its independence, Since Uzbekistan gained its independence, the state has been undertaking major the state has been undertaking major reforms on the land ownership.reforms on the land ownership.  The Soviet-type collective farms were The Soviet-type collective farms were restructured to joint stock and other non-restructured to joint stock and other non- state agricultural entities. The share of the state agricultural entities. The share of the non-state sector has increased in the total non-state sector has increased in the total amount of the agricultural gross product, amount of the agricultural gross product, and in 2001 it made up 99 percent.and in 2001 it made up 99 percent.

 New forms of entities such as farming enterprises have New forms of entities such as farming enterprises have emerged in the countryside. The share of such farming emerged in the countryside. The share of such farming entities in the total production amount is enormous.entities in the total production amount is enormous.  One of the priorities of the reforms in agriculture is to One of the priorities of the reforms in agriculture is to develop forming enterprises. As of January 2002, more than develop forming enterprises. As of January 2002, more than 55,000 of farming enterprises, which own 1054,7 thousand 55,000 of farming enterprises, which own 1054,7 thousand hectares of land, have been registered in the country. On hectares of land, have been registered in the country. On the avera

 The specialized farming enterprises in the The specialized farming enterprises in the countryside grow mouthwateringly delicious countryside grow mouthwateringly delicious apples, pears, quinces, grapes, sweet cherries, apples, pears, quinces, grapes, sweet cherries, cherries, plums, apricot, as well as subtropical cherries, plums, apricot, as well as subtropical crops, such as pomegranate, persimmon, and in crops, such as pomegranate, persimmon, and in the southernmost regions - the sugar-cane. On the southernmost regions - the sugar-cane. On the sugar content and other features, fruits and the sugar content and other features, fruits and vegetables grown in Uzbekistan are regarded as vegetables grown in Uzbekistan are regarded as the best in the Orient.the best in the Orient.  The gra

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