Qo’l to’pi o’yinida hakamlik qilish - Физическая культура - Курсовые работы

Информация о документе

Цена	30000UZS
Размер	365.3KB
Покупки	0
Дата загрузки	12 Март 2025
Расширение	docx
Раздел	Курсовые работы
Предмет	Физическая культура

Продавец

G'ayrat Ziyayev

Дата регистрации 14 Февраль 2025

81 Продаж

Qo’l to’pi o’yinida hakamlik qilish

Купить

Qo‘l to‘pi o‘yini da hakamlik qilish
M U N D A R I J A
K I R I S H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
I . BOB. QO’L TO’ PI O’ YINIDA H U J U M V A H I M O Y A T E XN I K A S I N I N G
T A S N I F L AN I SH I
1 . 1 . Q o’ l t o’p i o’ y in i d a za r b a b e r i s h t e x n i k a s i . . . . . . . ...... . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . ...4
1 . 2 . Q o’ l t o’p i o’ y i n i t a kt i k a s i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1 . 3 . D a r vo z a bo n o’ y in i t e x n i k a s i v a t a k tik a si . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
II .B O B.
QO‘L TO’PI O’YINI MUSOBAQALARNI TASHKIL XAKAMLIK
QILISH
2 .1. Q o’ l t o’p i o’ y in i d a m us o b a q a l a r n i bos h q ar is h v a xakamlik qilish . . . . ....... . . ....31
2 .2. Q o’ l t o’p i o’ y in i d a m us o b a q a n i z o m i asosida musobaqalarni tashkil
qilish.37
XU LOS A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . ... 44
Foydalanilgan ada b i y otl a r ………. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2

K I R I S H
Prezident Shavkat Mirziyoyev sportni ommalashtirish va iqtidorli
sportchilarni tayyorlash chora-tadbirlar dasturini qabul qildi.Sport musobaqalari
«tuman—viloyat—respublika» zanjiri asosida tashkil etilishi belgilandi.
Birlamchi saralash bosqichidan o’tmagan sportchilar viloyat va respublika
bosqichida ishtirok etmaydi;
Milliy terma jamoalarga barcha bosqich musobaqalarida ishtirok etib g’olib
yoki sovrindor bo’lgan yoshlar saralab olinadi;
Har yili mahalla va muassasalar jamoalari ishtirokida ko’p bosqichli Hokim kubogi
tashkil qilinadi.Xalqaro tajriba va standartlar asosida sport turlari bo’yicha milliy
chempionatlar o’tkazish tartibi ishlab chiqiladi.Prezident sport sohasidagi ilmiy
salohiyatning amaldagi holati ham talab darajasida emasligini tanqid qildi.«Birorta
sport turi bo’yicha mahalliy olimlar tomonidan na metodika, na dastur ishlab
chiqilgan. Sport diyetologiyasi, farmakologiyasi, psixologiyasi, sport muhandisligi,
kardiomashg’ulotlar bo’yicha bizda umuman mutaxassislar tayyorlanmaydi.
Bugungi kunda sportchilarni tayyorlash 30 yil oldingi dasturlar asosida amalga
oshirilmoqda», deydi davlat rahbari.
O’ z b e k i s to n d a s p o r t n i n g r i v o j l a n i sh ig a k a t t a e’ t i bo r q ar a t i l m oqd a. S p o r t
t u r l ari i c h i d a qo’ l to’ p i o’ z i n i n g h a r a k a t l a r i b i l a n b os hq a sp o r t tu r l a r i d an a j ra l i b
tu ra di . M a v z u n i n g a s o s i y dolza rb l i g i x am s h un g a q ar a t i l g a n .
M u st a q i l l ig i m i z n i n g po y d e vo r i n i m us t a hk a m l a s hd a, m a m l a k a ti m i z t ara q qi y o t i d a,
O’ z b e k i s to n ni n g b u y u k d a v l a tg a a y l a n i shi d a t a’ li m - t ar b i y a is hl ar i n i o q il o n i
y o’lg a qo’ y ish , f u q a r o l a r n i za m on a vi y ilm -fa n , t e xn i k a v a t e x no l ogi y a y utu q l a r i
b i l a n m unt azam ra vi s h d a t a ni s h t i r i b b o r i s h , ul a r n i n g s a l o m a tl i g i n i
m us t a h k a m l a s h b e n i ho y a k a t t a a h a m i y a tg a e g a. C hu n k i t ar a q q i y o t t a qd i r in i
m a’ n a vi y j ih a td a n y e tuk , za m o n t a l a bi g a m o s b i li m l ar n i e g a ll a g a n , j is m on a n
b ar k a m ol , y uk s a k s a lo hi y a t l i y os h a v l o d h a l e t a d i . Y u r t b os hi m i z n i s p o r t g a b u l g a n
q i z i q is hl ar i y oshl a r n i j a x o n ar e n a l ar i g a o l i bc h i q m oq d a. Spor t n in g b a rc h a
t u r l ar i d a n y o sh l ar i m i z fa x r l i o’r inl arni o l m oqd a l ar.
2

M u nt a zam ra v i s h d a ji s m oni y t ar bi y a v a s p o rt bi l a n s hu g’u l l a nis h y uqo r i d a
a y ti l g a n o m ill a r d a n b i ri i n so n s a l o m a tli gi n i m u s t a h k a m l a s h n i t a’ m inl a y di .
T ar b i y a v a s p o r t n i y a n a d a r i v o jl a n t i r i s h c ho r a - t a d b i r l ari t o’g’ r i s i d a” g i q a r o ri
m uhi m a h a m i y at ka s b e t m o q d a. O li m pi y a spo r t t u r l a r i , s h u j u m l a d a n b u sp o rt
t u r l a r i i c h i d an m ust a h k am j o y e g a ll a g a n g a n d bo l s po r t t u r i n i m a m l a k a ti m i z d a
r i v o j l a n ti r i s h d a y a ng i p e d a gogi k t e xn o lo gi y a l a r d a n f o y d a l a n i s h b i z ji s m on i y
t ar bi y a o’q i t u v c h i v a m u ra b b i y l ar i ni n g o l di m i z g a Pr e z i d e n ti m i z, H uku m a ti m i z
to m on i d a n q o’ y ilg an ho z i r g i k u nnin g d o l za r b v a z i f a l a r id a n bi r i di r.
Kurs is h n i n g m a q s a di v a v a z i f a la r i Q o’ l to’p i o’ y in i qo id a l a r i v a
x a k a m li k n i o’ r g a ti s h s a m ara l i usl u b l a r i n i i s h l ab c h i q i s h . Q o’ y ilg a n m a qs a dg a
er i s h m o q u c h u n o’ y ind a qo’ l l a n a dig an x il m a - x i l m a xs u s u s u l l ar y ig’ i n di s i qo’ l
t o’ p i t e x n ik a s i n i t a sh k i l e t i shn i i lg’o r u sl ubl a r ini o’ r g a ni b c h i q is h ;
Q o’ l to’p i o’ y in i q o id a l a r i v a x a k a m li kn i y a n g i s a ra l a s h u s l u b l a r i i sh l ab c h iq i l d i
v a m e y o r id a t a h l i l e t i l di .
- I s h l ab c hi q i l g an u s l u b i y at q o’ l t o’p i o’ y in i q o i d a l a r i v a x a k a m l i k n i s i n a b
k o’ r i l d i , h a m d a u l a r n i t a k o m ill a sh ti r i s h m a s a l a l a r i t a j r ib a d a ko’ r i b c h iq i l di .
Q o’ l to’ p i o’ y in i q o i d a l a r i v a x a k a m l i k n i a m a li y a h a m i y a t l i t o m onl a r i
o’ r g a ni b c h i q il d i ;
O’ y i n t e x n i k a s i d a x u j u m v a hi m o y a bi r - bi r i d a n farq q il a d i . T o’pn i
il i s h , u z a t is h , o li b y u r i s h v a d ar v o z a g a o t i s h xu j u m t e x ni k a s i g a t e g i s h l i d i r.
T o’ p y o’ li n i to’s is h , un i t u t i b o l i s h , u r i b q a y t ar is h v a d a r v o z a b o n o’ y i n
t e xn i k a s i hi m o y a sid a q o’l l a n i l i s hi .
Q o’ l to’ p i o’ y in i n g t a sn i fi t e x ni k us u ll ar n i u m u m i y m a xs u s b e l g i l a r g a
q ar a b gu r u x l a r g a bo’l i s h d a n i b o r a t li gi . O’ y i n fa oli y a t i t a v s i f i g a q a ra b
g a n db o l t e x n i k a s id a 2 t a y i r i k b o’li m a j r a t il i s h i :
B u l ar n i b a r c h a s i n i q o’ l to’ p i o’ y in i q o i d a l ari v a x a k a m li k n i o’r g a ti s hn i m is o l l ar
v a t a j r i b a l ar a s o s i d a o’ r g a n i b bo r i b q o’ y id a k e n g v a r a v o n q i l i b y o r i t a m i z.
3

I . BOB. QO’L TO’ PI O’ YINIDA H U J U M V A HIMO Y A T E XN I K A S I N I N G
T A S N I F L AN I SHI
1 .2.
Qo’l to’ pi o’ yinida za r ba b e r is h tex n i k as i
Q o’ l to’ p i o’ y in i d a to’ p b i l a n v a t o’p si z u s u l l ar b a j ar i l a d i .
Q o’ y il g a n m a qs a dg a er i sh m o q u c h u n o’ y ind a q o’ll a n a d i g a n xil m a - x i l
m a xs u s u su ll a r y ig’in d i s i q o’ l t o’p i t e xn i k a s i n i t a sh k i l e t a d i .
T e x ni k u s u l l ar – b u q o’ l t o’p i o’ y in i n i vu j u d g a k e l t i r is h v o si t a s i
d e m a kdi r . Y u k s a k sp o rt n a ti j a l a r ig a k o’ p j ix a t d a n g a n d b o l c h il a r n i n g a n a
s h u h il m a - x i l v os it a l a r n i q a n c h a li k t o’l i q b i l i sh iga , ra q i b j a m o a o’ y in c h i l a r i
q a r s h i li k ko’ r s a t a y o t g a n , ko’p i n c h a e s a c h ar c ho q o r t g a b o ra y o t g a n
sh a r o i t d a o’ y i n j ara y oni d a g i t u r l i h o l a tl a r d a u l a r n i q a n c h a l i k m o x i r li k b i l a n ,
s a m ara l i qo’ l l a sh g a b og’ l i q . Q o’ l t o’p i t e x n i k a s i n i y a xs h i b il i s h
g a n d b o l c hi n i n g x a r to m on l a m a t a y y o r g a r l i g i v a h a r j ix a t d an k a m o l
to pi s h i n g a j ra l m as q i s m i d i r .
O’ y i n t ar a q q i y o t i ni n g y u z y ild a n o r t i q t a r i x i m ob a y n i d a g a n dbo l
t e xn i k a s i d a m u a y y an o’ z g a r i sh l ar r o’ y b er d i . B u t ar a q q i y ot ni n g a s o s i y
y o’ n a l i s h l ari q u y id a g i l a r d a n i b o r a t : a v v al k e n g t a r q a l g a n 11 x1 1 o’ y i n
o’ r n ig a h o z i r g i ku nd a s h id d a tl i , d oi m i y y uq o ri t ez li kd a x a ra k at q il uv c h i
o’ y inl a r vu j u d g a k e l di . O’ y i n t e x ni k a s i d a xu j u m v a hi m o y a bi r - bi r i d an fa r q
q i l a d i . T o’p n i i l i s h , u z a t is h , o l i b y u r is h v a d a r v o z a g a o ti s h x u j u m
t e x n i k a si g a t e g i s hl i d i r . T o’ p y o’ li n i t o’si s h, un i t u t i b o l is h , u r i b q a y t a r i s h
v a d a r v o za bo n o’ y i n t e xn i k a s i h i m o y a si d a qo’l l a n i l a d i .Ma y do n d a x u j u m c h i
v a h i m o y ac h i si f a t i d a x ar a k a t q i l i s h h a m d a a l d a m c h i x ar a k a tl a r u s u l i
o’ y i n t e x n i k a s i n in g a s o si n i t a s h k i l e ta d i . D a s tl a bk i h o l a t – t u r i s h ,
t a yy o r g ar li k v a x ar a k a t q i l i sh n i b e l g i l a y d i. Ba l a n d v a p a s t h o l a t d a t u r is h
h ar x i l , q a y s i ho l a td a t u r is h n i v a z i y at b e l g i l a y d i . Z a m on a v i y g a n db o l d a
ko’ p in c h a b a l a n d h o l a t d a tu r i s h ( o y oql a r o z g i n a b uk i li b ), o r a l ig’ I y e lk a
k e n g l ig ida , g a v d a s a l o ld i n g a e g il i b , q o’l l ar b u ki lg a n h o l a t d a t ut il a d i .
4

Q a y s i o’ y in c h i m a y don d a t ez v a t e j a m l i x ara k t q il sa , o’sh a
o’ y in c h i ko’p r o q f o y d a k e l t i r a d i . S h un i n g u c h u n x ar bi r o’ y in c h i t ez s t a r t
o l i s hn i , y o n to m o n b i l a n y u r i sh l a r n i , y u g u ra y o ti b y o’n a l i sh n i o’ z g a r t i r i s hn i ,
t o’xt a s h va s a k ra sh n i , o r q a b i l a n er ki n o ld i n g a y u r i s hn i b il i s h i s h ar t .
Q o’ l to’ p i o’ y in i n g t a sn i fi t e x ni k us u ll ar n i u m u m i y m a xs u s b e l g i l a r g a
q ar a b g u r u x l a r g a b o’l i s h d a n i bo r a t . O’ y i n fa ol i y a t i t a v s i f i g a q a r ab g a ndbo l
t e xn i k a s i d a 2 t a y i r i k bo’li m a j ra til a d i :
1 . Ma y d o n o’ y in c h is i t e x n i k a si .
2 .D ar v o z a b o n t e xn i k a s i .
H ar q a y s i bo’ l i m x ara k a t l a ni s h t e x n i k a s i v a t o’p n i b o s h q a r i s h t e x ni k a s i
bo’ l i m c h a l a r ig a a j ra t il a d i . K i c h i k b o’li m l ar tu r l i u s u l l a r d a i j ro e t i l a d i g a n
a n i q t e xn i k us u l l a r d a n – h ar a k a t l a n is h t e xni k a s i u s lu bl a r i v a u su ll a r i d a n
i b o r a t . B u l ar d an m a y do n o’ y in c h i l a r i v a d a r v o za bo n f o y d a l a n a d i . U s u l v a
tu r l a r d a h ar a k tn i n g a s o s i y m e x a n i z m i u m u m i y b o’l i b , d e t a l l a r i bil a ng in a
far q l a n a d i . H ar x i l u s ul n i i j r o e ti s h sh a r t l a r i g a n d b o l t e x n i k a s in i y a n a d a t u r li -
tu m an q i l a d i .
O’ r g a n i l a y o t g an m a t e r i a l n i s u r u n k a l a s h t i r i s h u s u l t u r l a r i n i t u z i k r o q
t us h u n is h g a, u l a r n i t ug’ ri t a x li l q il i sh ga , t a’ li m v a o l i n g a n b i l i m l ar n i
t a k o m ill a s h t i r is h v a z i f a l ar in i m uvo ff a qi y a t l i h al q i l is hg a y o r d a m b era d i . [ 4 ]
T o’pn i e g a l l a g a n h u j u m c h i b ut u n v u ju d i bi l an r kq i b l ar d a r v o z a s i g a
t o’ p ki r i t i s h g a in t i l a d i . Ra q ib l a r n in g q a r a m a - q a r s h i l ig i n i fa q at m a xsu s
u s u l l a r y o r d a m id a y e ng is h i m u m ki n .
O’ y i n t e x n ik a s i ni n g b u q i s m ig a to’p n i i l i s h , u s h l a s h , to’ p n i y er g a u r i b
o l i b y u r i s h v a e g a ll a b o l i s h , c h a lg’ it i s h (f i nt ) v a t o’s i q (za s lo n )
qo’ y i s h u su ll a r i k i r a d i .
T o’ p n i i li s h. B u to’ pn i e g a l l a s h g a i m ko n b e r u v c h i u s u l . T o’p n i b i r
va i k k i q o’ll a b i l i s h m u m ki n . T o’pn i ik k i qo’ l l ab i li s h d a q o’ll a r n i n g
p a n j a l a r i bi r - b i r ig a y a q i nl a s h t i r i b v o r o n k a si m o n c h u q u r l i k ho s i l q i l i n a d i ,
b ar m oq l a r to’ p g a t e k k a nd a n so’ n g , u c hi b k e l g an t o’ p t e z l ig i n i
p a s a y t i r i s h u c h u n q o’l l ar
5

b uk il a d i .
T o’pn i b i r q o’ld a il i s h ju d a m u ra k k a b . I l is h v a k e y in g i q o’ ln i
s il k i t is h k up in c h a b un d ay hol a t d a t u t a s h h ar a k a t n i t a sh k i l e t a d i .
T o’ p bi l an m uvo f f a qi y a t l i h a r a k at qi l i s h q i li s h u c hu n u n i to’ g’ ri
u s h l a s h lo z i m . A g ar o’ y in c h i u n i i kk i q o’ll a b u s hl a s a to’ p y a x s h i n a z o r a t
q i li n a d i . L e ki n to’ p b i r q o’l l ab y u q o r i d a n y ok i o c hi q k a ft b il a n h am ushl a s h
m u m ki n . Fa q t bu h ol d j a t o’p n i q a t t i q s i q i b u s h l a m a sl i k l o z i m , c hu nk i b u
qo’ l n in g p a n j a b u g’i m l ari q o t is h i g a o li b k e l a d i .
T o’ pni u z a t i s h a s os i y t e x n i k u s u l h i so bl a n a d i . T o’ p u za t i s h k o’ p
u s u l l a r y o r d a m ida , a y niqsa , b os hq a l a r g a q ar a g a n d a k o’p r o q y u q o r i d a n v a k o’ l
p a n j a l a r i y o r d a m id a b a j a r i l a d i . U za t i s h t e x ni k a si n in g b a j ar il i s h i t o’ p o t i s h
u s u l i d a h am fa r q q i l a d i . Q o’ll a r n i t i r s a k q is m id a bu k k a n h o l d a y uqo r i d an
t o’ p n i u za t i s h – q o’ l to’ p i d a to’ p u z a t is h n i n g a s o si y u s u li dir . K e y ing i
v a qt l a r d a y a shi r i n h o l d a – o r q a d a n , b os h o r t id a n , o r a s i d a n t o’ p u z a t is h k o’p r o q
a x a m i y a tg a e g a b o’l m oqd a . T o’ p u za t i s h p a n j a l a r n in g f a o l i s h l a sh i n a t i j a si d a
b a j a r il a d i . Q o’ l p a n j a l a ri y o r d a m id a u z a t il g a n t o’ p a n iq l i k v a t e z l ik d a n
y ut a d i .
T o’ p n i y e r g a u r i b o l i b y u r i sh . Bu u su l b i r j o y d a t u r g a n da ,
y ug u r g a nd a b a j ar il s h i b , qo’ l to’p i o’ y in c h i s in i n g h ara k a t qi l is h i d a qul l a ni l a d i g a n
a s o s i y u su ll a r d a n h is o b l a n a d i . T o’p n i y er d a n x ar h i l : y uq o r i r o q v a p a s t r o q
s a p c h i t i b t u r i b y u r is h m u m ki n . Bu u su ld a q o’ l t o’p i o’ y in c h i s i m a y do n d a n
s a p c hi b k e t a y o t g a n to’ p n i p a st g a t u sh i r i b v a k e n g y o y ilg a n b ar m oql a ri bi l an
k uti b o l a d i . U qo’l in i b uk i b , t o’p n i b i r o z y u q o r i g a u z a t a d i , s un g u n i y a n a
m a y do ng a m a’ lu m bu r c h a k bo’ y i c h a k e sk i n i t a r a d i . B u n d k a o y o q l ar
b uk i l g a n , g a v d a b i r o z e g i l g a n , b os h to’g’ ri tu t i l g an bo’ l i s h i k er a k . T o’pn i
y er g a u r i b o l i b y u r i s h t o’g’ ri c h i z i q , y o y si m o n c hi z i q v a do i ra bo’ y l ab
x ar x i l y o’n a li s h l a r d a b a j r i l i s h i m u m ki n . Y o’n a l i s hn i, t ez l i kn i ,
s a p c hi s h b a l a nd l i g in i o’ z g ar t i r i b h a m d a to’ p g a q ar a m a sd a n y er g a u r i b o li b
y u r i s h l ar h o z i r g i za m o n qo’ l t o’p i o’ y i n i d a k a t t a a h a m i y a tg a e g a bo’l m oqd a .
6

Tupni o t i s h Ot i s h n a t i j a s i b i r q a t o r s h ar o i t l a r g a bo g’l i q , s h u l ar o r a s id a
m ux i m i ra q i b l a r g a k ut il m a g an v a z i y a td a o t i s h y un a l i s h in i v a us u lin i
u z g ar t i r i sh di r . T u p n i ko’ z l a g a n j o y g a y o’n a l t i r i s h d a , a y ni q sa , t ez li k m uxi m r o lo’ ynaydi
– u n in g ku c h i t e z l ig i g a b og’ l i q .
T o’ p o t i s h t e x n i k a s in i b a j a r i s h d a u n i n g in e r si y a s i v a v a z n in i x i s ob g a
o lis h zar u r, to’ p o t a y o t g a n qo’ l n in g k e n g a m pli t u d a d a g i x a r a k a t i m ush a kl ar
q i s q a r i sh i g a v a g a v d a d a g i b a r c h a m ush a k l a r n in g q i sq ar i s h i g a qu l ay sh a r o i t
y ara t a d i . L e ki n
o’ yin da bi r n e c h a q a d a m d an so’n g , k e n g a m pl it ud a d a ko’ l n i
s i l k it i b to’ p ot ishn i qo’ l l a s h a n c h a g i n a m u sh k u l sh u ni n g u c h u n u y in c h i l ar v a
m u ra b bi y l ar ni n g i jo di y i z l a n i sh d a n m a qs a d i t ez o t is h t e xn i k a s i n i ( h ar a k a t n i
t e z l a s h ti r i b , t o’ p il g a nd a n so’ n g d a rr o v s a k r ab v a ho k a z o ) y ara t i s hg a
q ar a t il g a n .
D ar v o z a g a t o’ p ot i s h j o y d a n , y u g u r i b k e l i b , s a k r ab v a t a y a n g an h o l a t d a
b a j ar i l a d i . E n g k o’ p t ar q a l g a n u s u l – h ar a k a t d a y u qo r i d an qo’ l n i bu k i b t o’ p
ot i sh dir . Q o’ll a r n i s i l k i ti s h n a t i j a s id a to’ p n i o t i s h ho l a t i o’ z g a ra d i . T o’ p o t i s h
bo s h n in g o r q a to m on i d a n , y e lk a us t i d a n , y ok i y o n to m o ni d an b o’l is h i
m u m ki n . Bu v u judg a k e l g a n ho l a t v a t e x ni k a n i b a j ar is h x u su si y a t i g a q ar a b
a n iq l a n a d i .
H ara k a t d a q o’l n i y u q o r i d a b uk i b to’ p o t i s h 3 x i l v az i y a t d a b a j ar il a d i :
C h a l i s ht i r m a q a d a m l ar d a n ( s k r e s t n i y sh a g ) s o’n g o t i s h , c h a li s h t i r m a
q a d a m l ar si z o t i s h v a t o’xt a b o t i s h .C h a l i s ht i r m a q a d a m l ar d a n s o’n g o’ y in c h i
y ug u r i b k e l i b s a k r a b t o’ p o t ish i y ok i r ux s at e t i l g a n u c h q a d am qo i d a s i d an
f o y d a l a n is h i m u m ki n . A g ar o’ y in c h i to’ p n i o’ n g q o’l i b il a n o t m oq c h i b o’l s a ,
bi r in c h i q a d a m n i c h ap o y o q b il a n b os hl a y d i , b u h ol d a i k k i n c h i q a d a m in i
qo’ y ish d a s h u o y o q k a f t in i n g i c hk i to m on in i y u g u ra b o s hl a g a n t ar a f i g a q a r a b
q o’ y a di . S h u ho l d a to’ p u s h l a g a n qo’ l to’g’ r i l a ni b , b o s hn i n g o r q a to m o n ig a
o’ tk az i l a d i v a g a v d a n in g y o n to m on i d a r v o za g a q ar a t i l a d i . T o’ p bil a n
bo’ lg an q o’l g a q ar a m a- q ar s h i o y oq g a t a y a n i lg a n d a n s o’ n g to’ p o t i s h
h ar a k a t i b o sh l a n a d i ; b u h o l d a g a vd a n i n g o g’i r lig i o l d in g a o’tk a z i l i b , d ar v o za
to m o n bu r i l a d i v a to’ p u sh l a g an qo’ l b uk i l i b o l ding a q ar a b t e z l a n i s h h ar a k a ti n i
7

b os hl a y d i . S h u n i hi s ob g a o l is h k e ra k k i , qo’ l h ar a k a t i d a vo m id a t i r s a k
p a n j a l a r d a n o l d in d a b o’l m og’ i k era k .
T o’p n i qo’ l d a n c h i q a r ishd a vu j u d g a k e l a di g an k a f t v a b il a k
s i l ki t i l is h i , k e y in c h a li k g a vd a n i n g y u q o r i q i s m l ar ig a n i s b a t an p a s tk i
q is m l ar i n i to’ xt a t is h g a o l i b k e l a d i .
Y u q o r i d a n q o’l n i bu k i b t o’ p o ti s h q o’l n i t ez s i l t a s h y o r d a m id a b a j a r i l a d i .
B i r i n c h i o l di n g a q o’ y i l g a n o y o q q a q ara m a- q a r s h i q o’ l t o’ p bi l an o r q a g a s u r i l a d i
va k e y in g i q a d a m d a g a v d a n i n g y u q o r i q is m i bil a n b i r g a s i l t a n a d i g a n qo’ l o x i r g i
c h e g ar a s ig a c h a o r q a t ara f g a bu r i l i s h i k er a k . K e y ing i q a d a m n i qo’ y ish d a g a vd a
d a r v o za to m o n b u r i l i b t e z l i k b i l a n o ld i n g a e g i l a d i v a t o’p n i qo’ld a n c hi q ar a d i .
Bu u su l n i n g fa r q i s h un d a k i , t o’ p ot i s h b i r o y o q q a t a y a ng a n h o l d a
b a j ar i l a d i . Y u q o r i d a n q o’ln i bu k i b to’ x t a b t o’ p o t i s h – b u e n g t ez o ti s h
u su l id ir . Bu y er d a d a s t l a b k i za r u r i y at to’p n i s a k r a b i l i s h hi s ob l a n a d i , b u n d a to’ p
o t a y ot g a n o’ y in c h i q o’l i n i s i lt a s hn i b os hl a s h i m u m ki n . Bu h o l d a o’ y in c h i
a vv a l o’ n g o y og’i n i , s o’n g c h a p o y og’i n i b o s a d i , to v o n e s a h ar a k a t ni n g
to’ x t a sh i n i t a’ m i n e t is h u c h u n x i z m at q i l a d i .
T o’ p ot a y o t g a n o’ y in c h i q a d am qo’ y is h d a g a v d a n in g o g’i r l i g i n i d a r h o l
o l d in g i o y o q q a o’t k a za d i . V a g a v d a n i d ar v o za t o m o n bu r i b , q o’ l t i r s a gi n i b u k k a n
h ol d a t o’p n i k e s k i n o l d in g a y ubo r a d i .
Q o’ln i y u q o r i d a bu k i b , s a k r a b ( y u q o r i g a ) to’ p o t i s h u z o q m a s o fa d a n ( 1 0 -
12 m ) d ar vo z a g a hu j u m qil i s h d a qo’ l l a nil a d i . Q o’ l n i si lt a s h v a t o’p n i
q o’ld a n c h i q a r i s h h a vo d a b a j ar i l a d i . T o’ p ot a y o tg an o’ y in c h i t o’ p u shl a g a n
qo’ l i n i o r q a to m on g a y ubo r i b , to’ psi z qo’l in i o l di ng a c h i q ar a d i , g a vd a n i n g
y uqo r i q is m in i ot a y o t g a n t o m ong a b u r i b , d e p s in i sh d a b o’s h o y og’i n i bu k i s h i
lo z i m . T o’pn i d a r v o z a g a o t i s h o’ y in c h i n in g s a k r a g a n d an k e y in g i p a r v o z i n in g
e n g y uqo ri n u q t a s i da , k o’ k rak d a r vo z a t o m o n bu r i l i b , o y o q l a r n i n g o r a s i k e n g
o c hili b b a j ar i l a d i .Ba’zan q o’l ni n g a y l a n m a h ara k a t i n i ( o ld i n g a – p a s t g a –
o r q a g a ) s e ki n l a n ti r g a n v a u l a r n i ik k i t o m ong a y o z g a n h o l a t i d a h i m o y ac hil ar
t o m on i d a n qo’ y ilg a n t o’s i q y on i d a n to’ p o ti s h g a i j o z at b er i l a d i .
8

O’ y ind a y iqi li b o t i s h zar u r a t i t e z - t e z v u j u d g a k e l a d i . B u t o’ p o t a y otg an
o’ y in c h ig a hi m o y ac hid a n q u tu l i s h , y o b u l m a s a o’ zi bi l an d a r v o za o ra s id a g i
m a so f a n i y a qin l a s h t i r i s h i m k o n i n i b e ra d i . T o’pn i t a y a n g an ho l d a y iqi li b
d a r vo z a g a o t i s h s a k r a b - y i q i li b d a r v o z a g a to’ p o t i sh d a n fa r q q i l a d i . B i r in c h i s i
b e k i k v a z i y a td a n hu j u m b os hl a s h d a q o’l l a n i li b , i k k i n c h i s i o l t i m e t r l i k
c hi z i qd a n hu j u m qili sh d a i s h l a t i l a d i .
D ar v o z a g a bu n d ay x i l m a- xi l u s ul d a to’ p o ti s h m u v o z a n a t s a q l a s h
m unos a b a ti d a a n c h a g i n a m u ra kk a b di r , c h u n k i o’ y in c h i t o’p n i m uvo z a n a tin i
y o’ qo t g a n ho ld a d a r v o z a g a o t a d i . B u ni n g u s t i ga , o’ y in c h i y iqi l i s h in i n g
y o’n a l ish i x ar h i l – o l d in g a v a y o n t ara f l a r g a bo’ l i sh i m u m ki n .
Y u q o r i d a q o’l n i b uk k a n ho ld a y o n t ara f g a e g i li b v a y iq il i b t o’ p ot i s h b e k i k
v a z i y a td a xu j u m qi l i s h g a i m ko n b er a d i .
Y o n to m on g a e g i l i b t o’ p o t is h b i r y o k i ik k i o y o q q a t a y a ng an h ol d a
b a j ar i l a d i . H i m o y ac h i qo’ l l a r i b i l a n y o n to m on i d an qo’ y g an to’s i q d an
qu t i l ish u c h u n hu j u m c h i t o’ p o ti s h n i b a j ar is h d a g a vd a s i n i t o’p s i z to m ong a
e g i b , t o’p n i b os h i u s t i d a n v a h i m o y ac h i l ar q o’l l ari y o n id a n d ar v o z a g a
y o’n a l t i r a d i .
Y o n t ara f g a y iq i l i b t o’ p o t i s h . B u us u l n i o’ y in c h i t o’ p o t i s h v a qtid a
hi m o y ac hid a n u z o q r o q k e ti s h i m k o ni y a t i n i y ara t is h u c h u n qo’ll a y d i . B u ng a
“ y olg’o n ” t o’ p o ti s h d a qo’ l l a ni l a d i g a n f i n t l ar y o r d am b er a d i . H u j u m c h i
c h a lg’ i t i s h d a n s o’n g ol di ng a bi r q a d am ko’ y i b , t a y a n ch o y oql a r i n i h i m o y ac h i
o y og’i n i d a r v o z a g a t o’ p ot a y o t g a n t o m ong a y a q i n r o q k o’ y ish i k e r a k . S h un d a n
so’ n g g a v d a n i og’i r l i g i ol d in g i e g il g an o y oqq a o’t k az i l a d i . G a vd a y o n
to m o n i b i l a n d a r v o za t ara f i g a bu r i l a d i , to’ p b i l a n b o’l g an q o’ l e s a t o’ p
o t is h ni n g o xi r g i x o l a t i g a k o’t a r i l a d i . O’ y in c h i t a y a n ch b o’l m a g an b o’s h o y og’ i n i
o l di n g a k o’ta r ib , bo’ s h q o’ l to m o n e gi l a d i v a hi m o y ac h i b e l i d a n si r p a n g a n g a
o’ xsh a b y iq i l a d i . U go r i z o nt a l h o l a t g a y a q in l a s h g a n d a , d ar v o za t o m ong a
k o’k r a g i n i k o’t ar i b , to’p n i b os h i n in g o r q a s i d a n d ar v o z a n i n g ko’ z l a g an j o y ig a
y ub o ra d i , so’ n g b o’s h qo’ lin i y er g a t e k k a z i b y iqi l a d i .
9

B u nd ay t o’ p ot i s h u s u l in i to’ p o t a y ot g an q o’ l to m o n d an h a m
b a j ar is h m u m ki n , l e k i n b un d ay h o l a t d a t a y a n c h o y o q i s h b a j ara y o tg an qo’ l
t a r af d a g i o y o q b u li s h i k er a k . Y u q o r i d a q o’l n i b uki b , s a k r a b , y o n t o m o n g a
e g i l g a n h ol d a y iq il i b t o’ p ot i s h u su l i d a n a s os a n c h i z i q b o’ y l ab v a bu r c h a k d an
hu j u m q i l a di g a n o’ y in c h il a r f o y d a l a n a d i l a r . O’y in c h i t o’ p n i i k k i q o’ ll ab e g a l l a b ,
t e z ol t i m e t r l i c h i z iqq a y a qin l a s h a d i , t a y a n ch o y o q k a f t l a r i n i s h u c h i z i q q a
p ar a l l el qo’ y i b “ z on a g a ” s a k ra y d i v a t o’p n i h a v o d a t o’ p o t a di g an t o m ong a
o’t k a z i b , d a r v o z a g a o t a d i .
T o’ p u sh l a g an q o’ l to m o n d a g i o y o q bi l an d e p s i n g a n d a , y iqi li s h sh u
t a ra f g a b a j ar i l a d i v a o’ y in c h i y er g a d e p si n g an o y o k da , k e y i n qo’ l l a r g a t us h a d i;
b o sh q a o y o q b i l a n d e p s i n g a n d a e s a ol d i n b o’s h q o’l g a v a k e y i n d e p s i n is h d an
b o’ s h o y oq q a t us h a d i. O’ yin chi y e lk a l a r i o r q a l i a y l a n i b o’ r n i d a n tu r a d i .
Q o’li n i y o z i b , y o n to m ond a n t o’ p o t i s h – b e k i k v a z i y a t d a k o’ p
qo’ l l a n i l a d i g a n us u ll a r d a n b i r id i r. U n i b e l , s o n , t i zza b a l a nd l ig id a
b a j a r is h m u m ki n . S i l t a s h y u q o r i d an t o’ p o t i s h d ay b a j ar i l a d i . C h a l is h t i r m a
h ara k a t q i l g a n d a n s o’ n g o’ y in c h i t o’ p o t is h n i n g d a st l a b k i ho l a ti g a k e l a d i :
o y o q l ar k e n g qo’ y ilg a n , k o’ l t o’ p b i l a n o r q a to m o n g a u o’t k az il g a n , g a v d a
d a r v o z a g a y o n to m o n bi l an b u r i l i b , to’ p o t a d i g a n q o’ l to m o n e g i l g an bo’ l i s h i
k er a k . S hu n d a n k e y i n g a vd a n i n g o g’i r li g i o l di n g i o y oq q a o’t k az i l a d i , k o’k r a k
d a r vo z a to m o n bu r i l a d i , q o’ l t i r s ak bo’g’ i n i d a bu k i l i b , m a y do n g a p ar a ll e l
o l d in g a c ho’ z i l a d i . K e y in c h a l i k q o’ l s i l k i t is h h a r a k a t i t u fa y l i t o’g’ r i l a n a d i , un g a
y e lk a x ar a k a t i qo’ s h i l i b , t o’ p d ar v o z a g a y u b o r i l a d i .
H i m o y ac hid a n t o’pn i u z o q r o q ol i b k e t i s h u c h u n , o’ y in c h i n i n g
ol d ing i t a y a n ch o y og’i n i , hi m o y ac h i o y og’i nin g s i r t q i t o m on i g a qo’ y is h i
m a qs a d g a m uvo f i q d i r ( o d a t d a o’ n g t o m onga ). G a vd a n i n g y u q o r i q i s m in i bu r i s h
y o r d a m id a q o’ l n i b uk m a sd a n to’g’ ri t o’ p o t i sh n i b a j ar is h m u m ki n . T o’ p
us h l a g a n qo’ l to m o n id a g i o y o q bi l an d e ps i n i s h hi m o y ac hil a r d a n to’ p n i
y a n a d a u z o q r o q o l i b k e t i sh g a i m ko n b era d i . K o’ p in c h a b un d ay to’ p ot is h lar
y uqo r i g a v a y o n to m o n g a s a k r a g a n xo ld a b a j ar i l a d i . Ba l a ndg a s a k ra b ,
o d a t d a g id ay y uqo r i d a n to’ p ot m oq c h i d ay h ar a k at q i l g a n h u j u m c h i o x i r d a to’ p
10

o t a y ot g an k o’ l i h ar a k a t in i o’ z g a r ti r i b , to’ p n i y uq o r i d an e m a s , b a lk i
hi m o y ac hil ar g a v d a s i y ok i qo’ l l a r i b il a n qo’ y g an t o’s i q l ar y o ni d an
d a v o z a g a y ubo r a d i . D a r v o z a d a n q a y tg an t o’p n i q a y t a u r is h d ar v o z a us t u nl a r i g a
u r i li b y o k i d a r v o za bo n d an q a y tg a n to’ p n i b i r y ok i i k k i q o’ll a b d ar v o z a g a o t i s h
m u m ki n . Bu h ar a k a t s a k r a b , k e y i n e s a y iq i l g an h ol d a b a j ar il a d i . Z a m on a v i y
g a n d bol d a y uq o ri d ara j a d a g i n a ti j a l a r g a e r i s h is h u c hu n s p o r t c h i d a n j is m oni y
t a y y o r g ar li k b i l an bi r q a t o r d a o q i l o n a h ar a k a t t e x n i k a sin i m uk a mm al e g a ll a b
o l i s h t a l a b e t i l a d i .
G a n db o l d a z ar b a b e r i s h t e x n i k a s i e n g m u h i m a h a m i y a tg a e g a , c h un k i
o’ y i n n a t i j a s i hu j u m h ara k a t l ar ni n g m uv af f a q i y a t l i y a k un l a ni s h i g a b og’ l i q . Z a r b a
b e r is h t e xn i k a s i n i o’ r g a n i s h h ar a k a t n i n g b i o lo g i k m e x a n i z m l ar i n i o’ r g a n is h g a
a s o s l a n a d i .
G a n db o l d a to’ p bi l an za r b a b e r i s h , b i o m e x a n ik a d a q a b u l q il i n g a n
t a sn i f l a s h g a m uvo f i q s i l ji t u v c h i h ar a k a t l a r t oi f a s i g a k i r a d i . N o m l a n i s h i d an k e li b
c h iq i l sa , bu n g a o’x s h a s h h ar a k a tl a r n i n g v az i fa s i q a n d a y di r j is m n i sil j i t i shd a n
i b o r a t . G a n db o l d a g i za r b a n i n g b i o m e x a n i k t a v si f l a r i n i t a d q i q q i lg an ko’ p g in a
m u a lli f l a r n in g f ik r i c h a , h a m m a ul o q t i r i s h h ar a k a tl a ri u c h u n u m u m i y bo’lg a n
t o’ p u z a t is hl ar m e x a n i z m l ar i , h a ra k a t l ar m iq do ri g a n d bo l d a za r b a b er i s h d a g i
b u rc h a k u lo q t i r is h h a r k a t l a r i u c h u n h am u m u m i y his ob l a n a d i .S p o r t d a ul o q t i r i s h
n aza r i y a s i n in g a s o si y qo i d a l a r i n a z ar i y a g a m uvo f i q, s p o r t c h i “ ul oq ti r u v c h i –
s n ar y a d ” t i z i m i si fa t id a k o’ r i b c h iq i l a d i . Ul o q t i r is h h ar a k a t i e s a 3t a b o s q i c h g a
b o’l i n a d i:
B i r i nc h i b o s q i ch d a b ut u n “ ul o q t i r u v c h i – sn ar y a d ” ti z i m ig a t e z l i k
b er i l a di , b un i n g n a ti j a s i d a t i z i m m a’ lu m bi r h ar a k a t so ni g a e g a bo’l a d i . Bu
b o s q i c h d a t i z i m , a s o s a n , o y o q l ar k u c h i v a t e z k o r l i g i h i s o big a t e z l a s h a d i .
I kk i nchi b o s q i c h da “ ulo qt i r u v c h i – s n a r y a d ” ti z i m ini n g y uqo r i
qi s m iga , y a’ n i t a n a v a s n ar y a d g a t e z l i k b e r i l a d i . Bu b i r i n c h i n a v b a t da , m ush a kl ar
ishi h is o b i g a s hu n in gd e k, to’pl a n g an q uv v a t n i g a v d a n in g p a s tk i qis m id a n
( b u nin g u c h u n u l a r n i n g h ar a k at t ez li g i q a ti y to’xt a t i l g an b o’li sh i l o z i m ) y uqo ri
q is m l ari va sn a r y a dg a o’tk a z i s h y o’l i o r q a l i a m a lg a o s h i r i l a d i .
11

G a vd a b o’g’i n l a r i n i p a s t d a n – y uqo r ig a k e t m a- k et t o’ x t a ti b bo r is h
h ar a k a tl a n a y o t g an s po r t c h i g a v d a s i m a s s a s i ni n g k a m a y ish i g a v a o q i b a t d a
g a vd a n i n g y uq o ri q is m i h a m d a to’ p t e z l i gi n in g o s h i sh i g a o l i b k e l a d i .
U ch i nc h i b o s q i ch sn a r y a dg a t e z l a n is h b er i s h u c hu n s ay
h ara k a t l a r n i y o’ n a l ti r i s h za r u r i y a t i b i l a n t a s n i f l a n a d i .
G a n db o l d a z ar b a b e r i s h h a qi d a to’ x t a l g a n d a , t o’ p g a t ez li k b er i s hn i n g u c ht a
b os qi c h iga , za r b a b e r i sh n i n g u c h t a fa z a s i m uvo f i q k e l a d i . Z ar b a l a r n i faz a l a r
bo’ y i c h a a j ra t i s h d a ko’p c h i l i k m u a l l i f l a r n in g f i k r l ari bi r - b i r i g a m o s k e l a d i .
Z a r b aTo’ pga t e z l i k T o’ p ga O’yi n c h T o’ p ga K i ne m a t i Asosiy
b er ish b er ish t e z l i k i t e z l i k k z a r u r iy
f a z alari b os q ich l a r i b er ish h a r a k at b er ish z a n ji r n in jis m o n iy
b os q ich l a r i lari u s u l l a r i g si f a t lar
va z i f alari y e takchi
xal q alari
1. “ O’ y inch i - Eng ko’p Yu g u rib 1.Yo’l- O y oq O y oql a r
T a y y o r g a r to’p” t iz i m i g a h a r a k a t k e l i sh y o’ l a k a y k a fti, ku c hli
- lik te z l i k b e rish son i - 2. 3 bold i r, va
ni to’pl a sh q a d a m - d a n t i z z a, son te z korlig
3. 2 i
q a d a mdan
4. 1
q a d a m-
d a n.
5. J o y ida
turib
2.Asos i y “ O’ y inch i - Mumkin S i l ta- 1.s a k ra b T a n a , Umu r tqa
to’p” q a d a r ko’p nish, turib y e l k a, - ning b e l
t iz i m in i ng sonli g a v d a ni 2.ikkala bi l a k bo’g’i m i
y u qori h a r a k a tni burish o y oqqa va y e lka
qis m i g a te z l i k o’tka z ish t a y a ni b . bu g’ im-
b e rish 3.bi t ta la r id a g i
o y oqqa e g i l uv c h
t a y a nib a nl i k
y i q i -
12

l a y o t g a n d a
G a n db ol c h i ni n g za r b a b e r i s h i d a h a r a k a t so n i n i t o’p g a o’tk a z is h
m e x a n i z m l ari s o f x o l d a h ar d oi m h am u c h ra m a y d i . U l ar o’ y i n f a o l i y a t i n in g
o’ z g a r u v c h a n i sh ti r o k c h i l ar i g a b og’ l i q ho l d a o’ z g a r i s h i m u m ki n .
B u nd a n t a sh q a r i , g a n db o l d a zar b a b e r i sh n i t u z ish n in g o’ z i g a xo s m e x a ni z m l ari
m a v j u d :
- zar b a b e r i sh d a , h a r a k at s o n i n i t o’p g a o’ t k a z i s h m e x a n i z m i ;
- o’ yin chinin g za r b a b e r i s h p a y tid a t a y a n ch b i l a n o’ za r o ta’ siri m e x a n i z m i ;
- k i n e m a ti k z a n j i r x a l q a l ar in i n g q a ti y ra vi s h d a to’ l i q b a j a r i li s h i n i
t ar tibg a s o l is h m e x a ni z m i ;
- zar b a b e r i sh d a h ar a k a tl a r n i t u z is h d a g i s t r e ch – r ef l e k s m e x a ni z m i ;
- zar b a b e r i sh d a b ar m oql a r ni n g to’ p b i l a n o’ zaro
ta’ siri m e x a n i z m i .
Z ar b a b er is h t e x n i k a s i n i n a z o r a t q i l is h m u a m m os i t a d q i qo t c h i l ar t o m on id a n
u z o q v a q t d a n b e ri o’ r g a n i b k e l i n a d i .
Z ar b a b e r i sh d a us h b u sh a r t l a r n i b i r v a q t n in g o’ z i d a u y g’unl a s h t i r is h
fa v q ul o d d a (e ks t re m a l ) h o l a t l a r d a m u m ki n e m a s . C hu n k i z a r b a n i k am v a q t
b a j ar a tu r i b , u n in g k u c h i n i b i r x i l d ara j a d a u s h l ab bo’l m a y d i .
O’ y in c h i za r b a k u c h i n i os hi r a y ot i b , u n i b a j ar i s h v a q ti d an o r ti q q o l a d i ,
za r b a n i t ez r o q a m a lg a os h i ra y ot i b e s a t o’p nin g u c hi b c hi q is h t e z l ig i d a y utq a za d i.
G a n db ol c h i m u a y y an o’ y i n v a qt id a z a r b a n i b a j ar i s h s h ar oi tl a r id a n k e l i b
c h iq q a n h ol d a h a m m a zar b a b er i s h t e xn i k a s i p a ra m e t r l ari u y g’u n l i g i n in g
m a’ lu m b i r v a r i a nt i n i t a n l a y d i . Y u q o r i d a a y t i b o’ t i l g a n i d e k , b io m e x a n ik a d a
g a n db o l d a g i zar b a b e r is h s i l ji t u v c h i h ar a k a t l ar t o i f a s i g a ki r a d i . S i l j i tu v c h i
h ar a k a t l ar d a g i h a r a k a t k u c hi , o d a t d a b i r z u m li k k in e m a t i k z a n j i r n i n g y a kuni y
b o’g’i n i k a b i n a m o y o n bo’l a d i. A g ar h ar a k a t g a f a q a t zar b a b era y o t g a n q o’ l
m ush a kl a r i g i n a e m a s , b a l k i o y oql a r , t a n a m us h a k l a r i h am j a l b e ti lsa , us h b u h o l d a
k i n e m a ti k za n j i r ni n g y a k u ni y bo’g’ in i m a ksi m al k u c h n i n a m o y o n q i l i sh i
m u m ki n . H ara k a t “ Q a m c h i ” m e x a n i z m i bo’ y i c h a y ok i t e z l ikn i b o’g’i n d an-
b o’g’i ng a k e t m a - k et u z a t i s h o r q a l i qu r i l a d i .
13

G a n db o l d a za r b a g a t ez l i k b e r i sh n in g q a ti y k e t m a - k e t l i g i m a v ju d :
b o l di r , s o n , t a na , y e lka , b il a k , t o’ p t ut g a n q o’ l p a n j a s i . Q u y id a g i ho ll a r d a
ul o q t i r u v c h i k i n e m a ti k z a n ji r ni n g y a kuni y bo’g’i n i t ez li g i e n g y uqo r i b o’l a d i:
- a g ar h ar b i r b o’g’in l a r m a ss a s i g a e n g k a t t a s i d a n b o s h l ab n a v b a t m a -
n a v b a t t e z l i k b er is hg a a m al q i l in sa ;
- a g ar o ld i ng i m a ss a ni n g t e z l i g i m a ksi m u m d ara j a g a y e tg a n p a y tda ,
k e y i ng i m a ss a g a t e z l i k b e r i s h b o s h l a n s a ;
- a g ar k e y i n g i b o’g’ i m m ush a k l a r i ni n g k u c h i ol d i n g i m ush a k l ar k u c h i
nolga t e n g bo’ l g a n p a y td a i s h g a t u s h g a n ho l l ar d a .
1 . 2 . Qo’ l to’ pi o’ yini t a k t i k as i
O’ y ind a m uv affaqi y a t g a er is h i s h a s o s an t u g’ ri h a r a k a t qi l i s h g a
b o g’l i q. B u n i n g u c h u n o’ y inn i bo s h q a r i s h d a xil m a- xi l t a kt i k v o s i t a l ar d a n
f o y d a l a n m o q k er a k . T a k t i k a d e g a n d a , o’ y in c h i l ar n i r a q i b us t id an g’ a l a b a
q o z on i sh g a q a ra t i lg a n sh a x si y y ok i j a m o a h ar a k a tl a ri t a sh k i l q i l in i s h i , y a’ n i
j a m o a o’ y in c h i l a r inin g m u a y y an re j a g a bi n o a n a y n an s h u , a n i q ra q i b b il a n
m uv af f a qi y a t l i k u r a s h olib bo r i s h g a i m ko n b er a d ig a n bi r g a l ik d a g i h a r a k a tl a r n i
tu s h i ni s h k e ra k .
T a k t i k a d a g i a s o si y v a z i fa hu j u m v a hi m o y a h ara k a t l a r i ni n g m a qs a dg a
er i s h t i ra o l a d i g a n e n g q u l ay vo si ta , u s u l v a sh a k l l ar n i b e l g i l a s h d a n i b o ra t .
Q a nd ay t a kt ik a n i t a n l a s h h ar b i r a l o h i d a h ol d a j a m o a o l d i d a
t u r g a n v a z i f a l a r g a , k u c h l ar n is b a t i v a o’ y in c h il a r n in g o’ zaro k u r a s h u v c h i
g u r u h l ar ig a , m a y do n n in g a hv o li g a , iq l i m sh ar oi t i v a ho k a z o l ar g a b og’ l i q .
Q o’ l to’p i o’ y in i d a ko’ p m ar t a l a b h u j u m d an hi m o y a g a v a hi m o y a d a n
hu j u m g a o’tis h d a n i bo r at b o’l g a n i u c hu n h a m , t a b ii y k i , h ar q a y s i
j a m o a n in g hu j u m v a hi m o y a h ara k a tl a ri u y us h g a n b o’l i s h i k er a k .
T a k t i k a u c h r a s hu v v a q t i d a b ut u n o’ y i n fa o li y a t in i n g a so si y m a z m u n i
h is o b l a n a d i . A n i q r a q ib g a q a r s h i to’g’ ri t a n l a n g a n k u ra s h t a k t ik a s i
m uv aff a qi y a t q o z o n is h g a y o r d am b er a d i , n o t o’g’ ri t a n l a n g an y ok i
u c h ra s h u v m ob a y ni d a a s qo t m a g an t a k t i k a e s a o d a t d a m a g’lubi y a tg a o l i b k e l a d i .
14

Q o’ l to’p i o’ y inid a t a k ti k a bi l an t e x ni k a bi r – b i r i g a c h a m b arc h as
b og’l a ni b k e t g a n b o’l a d i . T o’ p n i k i m g a v a q a n d ay u z a t is h n i , ra q i bn i do g’d a
q o l d i r i s h u s u l i to’ p b il a n h i m o y a n i y o r i b o’t i s h n i is hl a t is h k er a k m i y ok i t o’p n i
s h e r i g i g a u z a tis h m a’ qul m i , d ar vo z a g a q a y s i p a y td a t o’ p o t i s hn i h a l q i l a y o t g a n
o’ y in c h i t a k ti k – t af a k k u r i d an f o y d a l a n i l a d i , q i l m oq c h i b o’ lg an h a r a k a t i n i
a m a lg a o s h i ra y o t g a n d a e s a u t e x ni k m a ho r a t in i n a m o y is h q i l a d i . D e m a k ,
t e xn ik a o’ y in c h i n i n g t a kti k re j a l a r i n i a m a lg a o sh i r is h vo s i t a s i bo’ l i b hi z m at
q i l a d i . T e xni k t a y y o r g ar l i k a’ l o d ara j a d a b o’l s a gi n a x il m a - xi l t a k t i k
h ar a k a t l ar in i b a j a r i s h m u m k i n .
K u c h i t e n g j a m o a l ar u c h ra sh u vi d a g i g’ a l a b a k o’p i n c h a m a g’l u b
b o’lg a n la r d a i r o d a k a m li k q i l g a n i y ok i ji s m oni y v a t e x ni k t a y y o r g ar li k bo’ s h
b o’lg a n i s a b a b q i l i b ko’ r s a t il a d i .
L e k i n qo’ l to’ p i o’ y in i d a g i g’ a l a b a ko’ p in c h a t a kt i k r e j a l a r ku r a sh i bi l an
b e l g i l a n a d i . T a k ti k a i kk i j a m o a ni n n g j is m o n i y , t e xn i k v a i r o d a vi y
t a y y o r g a r l i k d a g i d a r a j a l a r i t e n g b o’l g a n d a , ul a r d a n b i r i n i g’ a l a b a
qi l i s hin i t a’ m inl a b b e ra di g a n m uh i m o m ildir . Ol d i n d an m uk a m m al o’ z l a s ht i r i b
i s h l a t ilg a n t a kt i k a m uv aff a q i y at k e l ti r a o l a d i . Ba’zi j a m o a l ar h ar q a nd ay
ra q i b g a q a r sh i o’ y n a g a n d a h am bi r x i l t a kt i k a i shl a t a v er a d i l a r . T a k t i k
j ih a t d a n bu nd ay q a sh s ho q li k , bi r x i lli k m a ho r a t ni n g o’s a b o r is h i g a t o’s q i nl i k
q i l a di . H ar b i r j a m oa , a y niq s a , y uq o ri m a l a k a l i j a m o a x i l m a – x i l t a kt i k re j a d a
o’ y n ay bi l i sh i k er a k , a k s h ol d a u , a y r i m y utu q l a r i b o’l is h i g a q a r a m a y ,
m uso b a q a l a r d a k a tt a y u tu ql a r g a er i sh a ol m a y d i .
O’ qu v - m a shg’ u l o t j ara y on i d a t a k t i k t a yy o r g ar li k k a j id d i y e’ t i bo r
b er i l a d i . X ar b i r o’ y in c h i v a u m u m an j a m o a h ar a k a t l ar ni n g x i l m a- xi l
v a r i a n tl a r in i m uk a mm al e g a ll a g a n bo’l is h i l o z i m . H u j u m v a hi m o y a d a
q o’ll a n i l a d i g a n t a kt i k h ar a k a t l ar q ara m a- q ar sh i v a z i f a l a r n i y ec h is h u c h u n
qo’ l l a n i l a d i . S h u ni n g u c h u n t a k t i k a i k k i k a t t a t u r k u m g a hu j u m t a kt i k a s i v a
h i m o y a t a kt i k a s i g a a j r a l a d i . H u j u m o’ y inn i h a l q i l u v c h i o m ild i r , y a’ n i
m u v o ff a qi y at qo’p i n c h a u nin g o x i r g i n a t i j a s ig a b o g’l i q bo’l a d i . Huj u m ni n g
m utl a q o y a g on a m a qs a d i bu ra q i bn i n g h i m o y a d a g i h ar a k a t l a r i t a r t ibi n i
15

b u z i s h v a d ar vo za g a t o’ p o ti s hd a sh a x si y q ar s h il i k n i y e n g i s hd ir . H o z i r g i
ku n d a qo’ l t o’p i o’ y in i hu j u m ni n g t e z- t e z v a q is q a v a q t d a vo m id a u y us h t i r i l is h i
b i l a n t a f si f l a n a d i . Z a m on a vi y qo’ l t o’ p i o’ y in i d a hi m o y a d an hu j u m g a o’ti s h
t e z l ig i , t a k ti k k o m bi n a t s i y a l ar n i b a j ar is h t e z ko r l i g i v a a n iq l i g i os hd i . B u n i n g
n a t i j a s i d a t e x n i k us u l l a r n i n g b a j a r i li s h v a qt i q is q ar a d i .
H u j u m d a j a m o a l ar a s os a n i k k i t a k t i k t i z i m n i q o’ll a y d i l ar – t ez y o r i b u t i s h
va p o z i t s i y a hu j u m i b u hu j u m l ar n i n g h ar q a y sis i b i r – b i r i n i t o’ldi r a d i v a
s hu n in g u c h n h am h a m m a j a m o a l ar qu r o l l a n g an bo’ l i s h i k e r a k .
Tez yo r i b o’ tish. Bu h u j u m d a k o’p r o q n a ti j a b e r a di g an us u l d i r . A m m o
uni qo’ l l a g a n d a o’ y in c h i l ar n i o’ za r o y on m a – y o n h o l a t d a b o’l i b q o l i s h i qi y i n .
S hunin g u c h u n p o z i t s i y a d a huj u m qi l i sh n in g s o li s h ti r m a og’i r li g i b i r o z b a l a n d
h i s ob l a n a d i. S h un g a q ara m a sd a n t ez y o r i b o’t i s h q a n c h a l i k ko’ p q o’ll a n s a ,
h u j u m c hil ar t o’ p o t i sh n i sh un c h a l i k k o’ p b a j ar a d i l a r . Z a m on a vi y qo’ l to’ p i
fa q a t u n in g h isobig a r i v o j l a n m oq d a . T ez y o r i b o’t i s h n in g m a qs a d i r a q i b l a r n i n g
to’ p n i y o’qo ti b , hu j u m d an hi m o y a g a o’ti s h i p a y tid a s o d i r b o’l a dig an v a q t i n c h a
u y u sh m a g an h a ra kt id a n f o y d a l a n is h d i r . S hun i n g u c hu n t ez y o r i b o’ti sh g a
a l b a t t a r a q ib l a r d a n t o’p n i k u t i l m a g a n d a ol i b q o’ y il g a n d a ki r i sh i l a d i . Bu
k o’p i n c h a to’p n i ol i b qo’ y is h d a , to’ s i q l a r d a n , d a r vo z a b o n d a n y o k i d a r v o za
u s tu n i g a u r i li b q a y tg a n t o’p n i e g a ll a g a n d a v a hu ju m c hi l ar t o m on i d a n o’ y i n
qo i d a s i b u z i l g an h o l l ar d a a m a l g a o sh i r i l a d i .
T ez y o r i b o’t is h d a g i o’ z g a r i s h l ar u n in g s h id d a t i b il a n b og’ l i q – hu j u m
4 -7 s d a v o m e t a d i , o’ z a ro h ar a k a t l ar o d d i y bo’ l s a h a m , o z so n l i o’ y in c hi l ar
bil a n u st u n l i k v u jud g a k e l ti r i l a d i . V a q t d an y u t i s h v a b u sh l i q , so n j ix a t d a n
u s tu n likn i vu j u d g a k e l ti r a d i v a d a r v o za n i i s h g’o l e t i s h u c h u n q ul ay sh a r o i t
y ara t a d i . A m m o b un i n g u c hu n b ar c h a h i m o y ac hil ar h a ra k a t i i m ko n bo r i c h a
t e z k o r , d a d i l va y a xsh i k e l is h i l g an b o’ li s h i k er a k .
T ez y o r i b o’t i s h d a a y niq s a , d a r x o l qu l a y v az i y a t n i t a n l a s h v a
b i r i n c h i to’ p n i t o’g’ ri u za ti s h m uhi m di r . T ez y o r i b o’t is h y olg’i z v a
j a m o a n i n g h a m m a o’ y in c h i l a r i to m on id an a m a lg a o s h i r i l i sh i m u m kin . T e z
16

y o r i b o’t i s h g a q a n c h a li k ko’ p o’ yin chilar q a tn a s h sa , ul a r g a k a r s h i k u r a s h i s h
s hu n c h a l i k m u r akk a b l a s h a d i .
D ar v o za t o m o n t ez y o r i b o’t i s h d a hu j u m c h i l ar bu t u n m a y do n k e n g l i gi d a
b i r y ok i ik k i q a t o r bo’l i b j o y l a s h a d i . B i r i n c h i b o’l i b st a r t ol g a n ( 1 - 3 - o’ y in c h i )
o’ y in c h i l a r n i o r q a d a g i o’ y in c h i l ar q o’l l a s h i k e r a k . H u j u m c h il ar to’ p n i
y o’qo t i sh i v a u l a r g a j a vo b a n h u j u m u y us h t i r i l is h i m u m kinl i g i s a b a b l i bi r
o’ y in c h i o r q a d a q o l a d i . A g ar o l d q a t o r o’ y in c h il a r i s o n j ih a t d a n u st u n l ik k a
e r i s h a o l m a s a, u nd a hu j u m nin g m uvo f f a q i y a tl i y a k u n in i hi m o y ac h i l ar o r a si d a g i
bo’ s h j o y g a ki r i s h ga h ar a k a t q i l a y o t g a n o r q a q a to r o’ y in c hi lari a m a lg a o s h i r a d i .
B u n d ay bi r i n - k e ti n r i v o j l a n a d ig a n v a o r q a q a t o r o’ y in c hi l a r i y a kun la y di g a n t e z
y o r i b o’ti s h hu j u m i “ r ivo j la n g a n h u j u m ” d eb no m ol g a n . U z o q m a so f a g a to’ p
u za ti b t ez y o r i b o’ti s h – od di y v a m ud da t i d a n i l g ari y a kun la n a d i g an h u j u m nin g
m a’ suli y a t l i u s u l i d ir . O d a t d a u z a t is h n i d a r v o z a bon y ok i t o’p g a e g a b o’ l g a n
o’ y in c h i b a j ar a d i . t ez y o r i b o’ t i s h n i b o sh l a g an o’ y in c h i m a y do n n in g y o n c h i z ig’ i
b o’ y l ab y ok i m a y do n m ar k azi t o m o n c h a q qo n o lding a i n t i l a di .
M u v o ff a qi y at u c h u n o ld i n g a i n t il g a n o’ y in c h i b o sh q a l a r d an o’ z i b k e t i sh i
m u m ki n . O d a t d a, bu n i o ld i n g a c h iq i b o’ y n a y ot g a n hi m o y ac h i y ok i to’ p o ti l g a n
j o y g a q ara m a- q ar s h i bu r c h a k d a g i hi m o y a c h i a m a lg a o s h ir a di .
T a’ qi b d a n q u t i l g a n o’ y in c h i g a t o’p n i t ez v a a n i q u za ti s h k e r a k . Y a x s h i si ,
to’ p n in g y o’ n a l i s h t ra y e k t o r i y a s i p a s t r o q b o’l g a n i m a’ qu l . S h un i ng d e k ,
t o’ p u z a t is h m a so f a s i j u d a u z o q b o’l m a sli g i k e r a k , c h u nk i b u nd ay to’pn i
r a q ib l a r d a r v o za si n i e g a l l a b o l i s h m u m ki n . A g ar t ez y o r i b o’t g a n o’ y in c h i ga
d a r v o za bo n ni n g d ar x o l t o’ p u z a t is h i g a h a l a q i t b e r i s h s a, u x o l d a b u o’ y in c h i
t o’ pn i k e c h ik ti r m a sd a n o’ z sh e r i k lar i g a, ul a r e s a o l d in d a g i o’ y in c h i l a r g a u z a t i sh i
za r u r.
T o’ p n i q is q a m a s o f a g a u z a t i b t e z yo r i b
o’ tish. U s hb u ha r a k a tn i
bi r i n c h i bo’ l i b b o s h l a g an o’ y in c hi n i g h ar to m on dan p a n a qi l in g a n i g a i sh on c h
h osi l q i l in g a nd a a m a lg a o s h i r i l a d i . U l ar o r q a s i d a n bo s h q a o’ y in c h i l ar h am t ez
y o r i b o’t i s h g a i n ti l a d i . R a q i b l a r n i h u j u m in i to’ x t a t i s h i m koni y a t i d a n
m a x r u m e ti s h u c h u n , t o’p n i e g a l l a g a n o’ y in c h i q o i d a n i b u z i b bo’ l s a h am
17

, a v v a l o , o’ y inn in g bo r i s h v a z i y a t in i a n iq l a y d i , h i m o y ac h i b i l a n m un o s a b a t g a
k i r ish m a s d a n t ez m o’l j al o l i sh g a h ar a k at q il a d i v a t o’p n i b o’s h s h er i k l a r i g a
u z a t a d i .
H u j u m c hi l ar bu t u n m a y do n k e n g l i gi d a o l d in g a q a r ab h a r a k at q i l a d i l a r .
B i r i n c h i q a to r d a 3 - 4 o’ y in c h i bo’ l i b , ul a r q i s q a y o’ l bil a n o l d in g a i n ti l a di l a r .
O d a t d a, h i m o y ac h i dan b o’s h b o’l g an h u j u m c hi n i t o p i s h u c h u n 3 - 4 m ar t a to’ p
u z a t is h n i b a j a r i s h ki f o y a di r . T ez y o r i b o’t i s h hu j u m i bi r- b i r i g a b o g’l i q b o’l g a n 3
b o s q i c h d a n t u z i l g a n : to’ p n i e g a l l ab h u ju m g a o’tis h s o n j i x a ti d a n u s tu n li k k a
e r i sh i s h v a h u j u m n i y a kun la s h . H u j u m c h i t ez y o r i b o’t i s h h ar a k a t i n in g b i r i n c h i
b os qi c h i da i r g’i b ol d i n g a t a sh l a n a d i v a o’ z i n i t a’ q i b q i lu v c h i o’ y in c h i d a n
q u ti l i s h g a h ara k a t q i l a di . T o’ p u z a t m oq c h i b o’l g an o’ y in c h i q a y s i o’ y in c h i g a
t o’ p o’ z a t i s h n i , v a z i y a tn i to’g’ r i b a h o l a b , t o’ p t ra y e k t o r i y a si n i v a y o’ n a l is h i n i
a n i q l a s hn i , a g ar k e r a k b o’ ls a hi m o y ac hi l a r n i c h a lg’ iti s h u c h u n qi l i n a d i g a n
h a r a k a t l a r n i to’ g’ ri t a n l a s h n i b ilis h k er a k . T ez y o r i b o’t g a n h u j u m c hi ni n g
a s o si y m a qs a d i h i m o y ac h i l ar o r q a sig a o’t g a n s h e r i k l a r i g a bo’ ylam a y ok i
di a g a n a l t o’ p o’ za t i sh dir . T ez y o r i b o’t i s hn i n g i k k i n c h i b os qi c h h u j u m c hi l a r
h u j u m ku c h in i i m k o n bo r i c h a k e n g a y ti r s h a d i v a m a y do n k e n g li g i d a bi r v a ik k i
q a to r bo’l i b j o y l a s h a d i . T o’ p hu j u m c hi n i n g o l d i ng i q a t o r i g a u z a t il a d i .
O’ y in c h i b o s q i c hi n in g v az i fa s i – h u j u m n i m uv aff a qi y a t l i
y a ku n l a n is h d i r . Y a x s h is i , hi m o y ac h i l a r d a n h u j u m c hi l ar s o n i k o’ p bo’ l i sh i
k e r a k . A m m ao s o n j ix a t d an t e ng l i k b o’ l g a n h ol a t d a h u j u m n i n g k am ku ch bi l an
t ez h ar a k a t q i l i sh g a d o i m t a y y o r bo’l i s h i k e r a k . B u n d ay hol a t l ar d a bi r i n c h i
q a t o r d a g i hu j u m c h i l ar o’ r i n a l m a sh t i r is h , c h a l g’ i t i s h l ar y o r d a m id a hu j u m n i
y a ku n l a s hg a i n t i la d i l ar y o k i i k k i n c h i q a t o r d a g i o’ y in c h i l a r i n in g o’ y in ga
qo’ s h i l is h l a r i g a q u l ay s h a r oi t y ara ti s h ga u r i n a d il ar , b u a lo x i d a
a x a m i y a t g a e g a d i r. Noq ula y po z i ts i y a d an s ho s h i li b o t i l g a n to’ p ra qi b n i n g
h u j u m g a o’t is h i u c h u n k u c h j ih a t d a n u s t un l ikk a er i s hu v i g a ol i b k e l i s h i m u m ki n .
S h un d ay qi l i b , t ez y o r i b o’t is h y uk s a k u y us hq o q l i k bi l an t a s hk i l
to p g a n h ar a k a t d ir . Un i qo’l l a g a n d a y a xs h i n a t i j a g a e r i sh i s h u c hu n t e xn i k –
t a k t i k t a y y o r g a r l i k ni n g y u k s ak d ara j a s i y e t ar l i e m a s ; r ux i y hol a td a, d a d i l l i k ,
18

j u rat v a b a’zan t a v a k k a l h a ra k at q il i sh g a h u j u m n i y a xsh i n a ti j a bi l an
y a k u n l a s h g a y o r d am b er a di .
P o z i t s io n huju m . J a m o a t e z y o r i b o’ t i s h h u j u m in i y a k un l ay ol m a s a,
u nd a hu j u m c hi l ar m a j bura n hi m o y ac hi l a r ni n g u y ush qo q li k b i l a n tu z il g a n
hi m o y a s i ga q a r s h i k u r a sh m og’ i k e r a k . Z a m on a vi y sh a r o it d a h i m o y ac h i l a r n in g
h a m j ix a t l ig i b i l a n t a s h ki l e t i l g a n t ez y o r i b c hi q is h n i h o y a t d a m uxi m , c hu n k i
hu j u m c hi l a r nin g to’ p b i l a n h u j u m qil is h l a r i g a 1 m i n d a n o r ti q v a q t b e r i l m a y d i .
P o z it s i o n h u j u m n i q o’l l a s h qu y i da g i ho l a tl a r d a o’ r i n l id ir :
– to’ p n i o’ yin ga k i r it i s h u c h u n k o’ p v a q t s a r f l a ns a ;
–
o’ yin t e z l i g i ji h a ti d a n ra q ib l a r n in g u s tu n l i g i y a qq o l s e z i l i b tu r s a ;
– o’ y i n su ra ti n i o’ z g ar t i r is h z a r u r i y a t i t ug’ i l g a n d a, q a y t a ti kl a n i s h
u c h u n t a n a ff u s qi l i s h d a;
–
o’ yin chilarni a l m a sh t i r is h k e r ak bo’ l s a;
P o z i t s io n hu j u m u ch b o s q i c h d an i b or a t ; b o s h l a n g’i c h t a y y o r l o v c h i v a
y a kun lo v c h i . B i r i n c h i s i d a o’ y in l a r n i j o y – j o y i g a qo’ y is h a m alg a os hi r i l a di .
V a q t i n c h a s o n j i h a t d a n u st u nl i k k a e g a bo’ l i s h y ok i hu j u m z o na l ar i d a n b i r id a
qo’ l ay v a z i y at y ar ati s h u c hu n to’ p v a o’ y in c h i l a r n i n g o’ r i n a l m a sh is h i
i k ki n c h i faza d a b o s h l a n a d i . O xi r g i f a za d a e s a d ar v oz a ol i n i sh i g a er i s h i l a d i y ok i
k u c h l a r q a y t a t i k l a n i b , h u j u m n i d a v o m e tti r i s h v a hu j u m d an h i m o y a g a o’t i s h
u c h u n qu l ay v a z i y at y uz a g a k e l t i r i l a d i .P o z i t s io n h u j u m n i u y ush t i r is h u c h u n
j a m o a i k k i t a k t i k g u r u h g a b o’l i n a d i . B i r i n c h i gu r u h c h a n i ol di n g i q a to r d a –
da r v o za m a y don c h a s i c h i z i g’ i y a qin i da i k k i t a s i b u r c h a k dan v a bi r c h i z i q
b o’ y l ab o’ y n a y di g a n o’ y in c h i l a r t a s h k i l e t a d i . I k ki n c h i q a t o r n i m ar k a z i y v a
i k k i y ar i m o’ r t a l i q d a o’ y n a y di g an o’ y in c h i l a r e g a ll a y d i . B i r in c h i q a t o r d a g i
o’ y in c h i lar z i m m a sig a m u ra k k a b v a z if a y uk la n g a n – ul a r ra qi bl a r m udof a as i
o r a s i d a h ar a k a t q i l a d il a r. S h u n i n g u c h u n b i r i n c h i q a tor o’ y in c h i l a r i t o’p n i
e g a l l a b , c h a lg’ i t is h l a r n i qo’ l l a b , hi m o y ac hi n i a l d ab o’t i b v a t o’ p o t i sh g a q u l ay
v az i y at y ara ti s h u c h u n j o y t a nl a s hn i b il i s h i za r u r d ir . Bu o’ y in c h i l a r n in g o’ z
q a t o r i d a g i sh e r i k lari b i l a n h a m ko r li k da o’ y i n po z i t si y a l a r i n i v a q t i – v a q t i b i l an
a l m a sh i b t u r i sh n i b il i sh i m a qs a d g a m uvo f i qd ir .
19

I k ki n c h i q a to r o’ y in c h i l a r i o’ y in n i t a sh k i l e t i s h b i l a n b i r q a to r d a hu j u m n i
y a kun la s h f u n k s i y a s i n i h am b a j ara d i . S h un i n g u c h u n u l ar y u q o r i t a y y o r g a r li k
d ara j a s i g a, h am t e xn i k a d a h am t a k t i k a d a y u k s a k m a l a k a g a er ish m og’ i k e r a k .
B i r i n c h i v a i k ki n c h i q a t o r d a o’n g t o m on dan c h a p q o’ l bi l a n , c h a p
t o m on d a n e s a o’n g qo’ l b i l a n to’ p ot a d i g an o’ y i n c h i l a r n i n g o’ y n a s h i ra q i b
d a r v o za si g a u n u m l i h u j u m u y us ht i r is h g a i m ko n i y at b e r a d i .P o z it s i o n h u j u m ni n g
h ar h i l v a r ia nt l a r id a c h i z i q bo’ y l a b o’ y n a y di g a n o’ y in c h i l ar s o n i o’ zgar i s h i
m u m ki n . P o z it s io n hu j u m d a o’ y in c h i l a r n i n g 3 - 3 y ok i 4 -2 b o’l i b c h i z i q b o’ y l ab
j o y l a sh i s h i ko’ p t ar q a l g a n d ir . P o z i t s io n hu j u m d a y a n a b os h q a c h a j o y l a s h i s h l a ri
m a v j u d .
Jo y l a sh i s h va r i a n t i n i t a n l a s h u l a r n i n g i m koni y a t i g a v a r a q i b l a r hi m o y a
ti z i m in i n g t u z il i s h i ga b og’ l i q . P o z i t s io n hu j u m d a hu j u m c h i lar or a s id a g i o’ za ro
a s os i y t a k ti k h ar a k a tl a r j o y l a s h i s h v a r i a n t i ga bo g’l i q b o’l m a y d i . I k k i o’ y in c h i
o r a s i d a g i “ q a y t ar v a c h i q ”, “ a ld a m c h i hu j u m ”, “ j o y a l m a sh t i r i s h ”, “ to’s i q ”
s i n g ari o dd i y h ara k a t l ar b o sh q a l ar i g a n is b a t an ko’p r o q i s h l a t i l a d i . “ Q a y t ar v a
c hi q ” – b u e n g o d d i y t a k t i k k o m bin a t si Y . U o’ y in c h i n in g t o’ pg a p e sh v o z c h i qi b
u n i b o’s h j o y g a u z a t i s h i v a y a n a o’ z i g a q a y t ar i b o li s hi d an ib o ra t bo’ l a d i .
B u n d ay ho l a t d a hi m o y ac hi g a t a s od if a n ki r i sh n i bos hl a g a n o’ y in c h i n i n g
t e z l i k ji h a t d a n us t u n li g i y a x s h i n a ti j a b e r a d i . “ A ld a m c h i hu j u m ” –b u o’ zaro
h ar a k at b o’ li b h u j u m c h i n i n g t o’ p bi l an ikki hi m o y ac h i o r a s i d a n o’t i b , u n i
o t m oq c h i bo’ l g a nd a hi m o y ac h i l a r n i sh u h u j u m c h i y o’ li n i t o’s i s h u c h u n
o l d in g a c hi q i s h g a m a j bu r e t i s h d a v a i sh o n t i r ishd a qo’ l l a n i l a di . B u n d a y
holl a r d a n s o’ n g b o s h q a h u j u m c hi lar u c h u n o c h i l g a n “ y o’ l a k c ha ” d a e r k i n h ar a k a t
q i li s h i m kon i y a t i y ara til a di .
“ J o y a l m a shti r i s h ” – o’ zaro h ar a k a t d a b o’l g a n o’ y in c h i l a r d a n b i r in i
hi m o y ac hi l a r d a n y a s h i r in c h a o z o d e t i s h u c h u n q o’l l a n i l a d i . T o’ p e g a l l a g a n
o’ y in c h i s h er ig i t o m o n h ar a k a t q i l a d i v a to’ p n i o r q a d a g i b o’s h j o y g a o’ t g a n
sh e r i g i g a u z a t a di . H u j u m c hi l a r n i n g o’ zaro h ar a k a t i d a to’ s i q qo’ y is h a l ox i d a
a h a m i y a t g a e g a . U n i n g y o r d a m id a h i m o y ac hi lar q ar sh i li g i n i b a r t a r af e ti sh ,
z o n a g a k i ra y o t g a n hu j u m c hi n i n g t a’ q i b q i l in i s h i g a h a l a q i t b e r i s h m u m ki n . T o’si q
20

qo’ y is h n in g tu r l ari qu y i d a g il a r: j o y d a t u r i b v a h ar a k a t d a, t a sh q a r id a n v a
i c h k ar i d a n . B u l a r d a n b os h q a l a r g a q ar a g a nd a bi r i n c h i q a t o r d a g i h u j u m c hi l a r
s a m ara l i f o y d a l a n a d i l ar.P o z i t s io n h u j u m d a j a m o a h ara k a t l a r i n i t a s h ki l e t i s h d a
c h i z i q b o’ y l ab o’ y n a y di g a n o’ y in c h i o r q a l i h u j u m qi li s h y e t a k c h i o’ r i nn i
e g a l l a y d i . C h i z i q bo’ y l ab o’ y n a y di gan o’ y in c hi l ar so n i h a r - x i l b o’l i s h i
m u m ki n .( 1 - 2 ) v a u l a r nin g o’ y in da g i a s o si y o’ r n i m ar k a z d a, d a r v o z a
q a r s hi s i d a d i r. A m m o u y o n t a r a f g a c h i z i q b o’ y l ab h ar a k at q i li s h i , o l di n g a
er k i n t o’ p t a s hl a s h c hi z ig’ i g a c h iq i s h i v a to’ p n i o’ y in g a k i r i t i s h da i s h t i r o k e ti s h i
m u m ki n .C h i z i q b o’ y l ab o’ y n a y di g an o’ y in c h i n in g a s os i y v az if a s i t o’p n i e g a l l a b ,
uni d a r v o za g a o t is h d ir . B u n i n g u c h u n u h a m i s h a xi y l a i s h l a t i b h o l i j o y g a
o c hi l i s h g a , to’ p o t i s h u c hu n k u c h l i qo’ l i n i b o’s h a t i shg a h ar a k a t q i l a d i . K e y ing i
h ar a k a tl a r i u ni n g hi m o y ac hi d a n q u t i l is h i n i v a o r q a b i l an t u r g a n h ol d a u n i
c h a lg’ i t i b , h ar q a y s i to m o n g a a l d a b k e t is h i n i t a’ m in l a y d i ; c h i z i q bo’ y l a b
o’ y in c h i o’ zi t o’s i q q o’ y is h i v a t o’ p u z a t i s h da s h e r i k l a r i g a y o r d a m qi l i sh n i
b i l ish i
sh a r t .
U m u m a n , ol di n ga q o’ y il gan v a z i f a n i a m a l g a os hi r i s h u c h u n
hu j u m c hi l a r k e n g j o y l a s h is h i v a b u tu n m a y do n b o’ y l ab xu j u m qil i s h i , t o’s i q
qo’ y ish i , b u r c h a k v a u z o q m a so f a d an to’ p o t is h n i b a j a r a o l i s h i k e r a k .
C h i z i q bo’ y l ab o’ y n a y di g a n o’ y in c h i h o l i j o y g a k i r i b “ o c h il s a” v a
d a r v o z a m a y do n i g a s a k r ab ki r s a , u h o ld a u n g a d a r x o l t o’ p u z a t il a d i .
B i r n e c h a o’ y in c h i l a r c hi z i q bo’ y l ab x u j u m qi l i sh g a n d a u l a r n in g v a z i f a si
c h e g ar a l a n g an bo’l a d i : b i ri x a m ish a d a r v o z a g a x a v f t ug’ d i r a di , b o s h q a l a r i e s a
ko’ p i n c h a s h er ik l a r i ga y o r d am qi l a d i .
Jo y a l m a shi sh g a k e l i s h i b h u j u m qi l i s h s a m ara l i u s ul dir . B u ni n g u c hu n
hu j u m c hi l ar o’ y ini n g h ar b i r v a z i y a t i d a m u v aff a q i y a tl i o’ y n ay ol is h i ,
to’ pn i u z a t is h v a un i n g r iv o j l a n is h y o’li n i o l d in d a n k o’ ra b i li s h i s h a r t . J o y
a l m a shi sh g a k e li s hi b hu j u m qi l i sh n i , hi m o y a ni n g h ar q a n d ay ti z i m i g a q ar sh i
qo’ l l a s h m u m ki n. B u n d ay hu j u m us ul l a r i d a k o’ p t a r q a l g an v a r i a nt l a r :
“ vos m er k a”, “ ik k i b u r c h a k ” h is o b l a n a d i .Bu v a r i a n t l a r g a b i r n ec h a o’ y in c hi l ar
h a r a k a ti n in g u c h r a sh u v t a m o y il i a sos bo’ l g a n ( 3 - 6 ). B u n da hu j u m c hi lar
21

gu r u h lar g a b o’l i n a d i v a o’ z l a r i ni n g o’ y n a l is h i bo’ y i c h a h ar a k at q i l i sh i
m u m ki n . B i r – b i r i g a q a r a m a- q ar s h i h ar a k at qilib u c hr a sh i sh i t o’ p h a ra k a ti n in g
m un t aza m l i g i g a to’ s i q l ar qo’ y is h g a, b i r h i m o y ac h i z o n a si g a ik k i hu j u m c h i n in g
t a s o d i f i y ki r is h i g a qu l ay sh a r o i t y ara t a d i .
Q o’pi n c h a h u j u m n in g “ vos m er k a” v a r i a n t i d a b u t a m o y i l to’ l a y o r i t i l g a n .
U n i n g no m i hu j u m c h i l ar h ar a k a t in i n g s h a k l i dan k e l i b c h iq q a n b o’li b k a tt a v a
ki c h i k “ vos m er k a” d e g a n i k k i t u r g a a j r a t il a d i . O’ y in c h i l ar k o m bin a t si y a s i b i r –
b i r i g a q a r a m a –q a r s h i “ sk re s t ” h ar a k a t q i l i b b o g’ l a y d i . H ar q a c h o n t o’ p
u za ti lg a nd a o’ y in c h i d i a go n al bo’ y l ab m a y do n bu r c h a g i ga k e t a d i v a o’ zi to’ p
u z a tg a n j o y i g a q a y t a di . B u bi r n e c h a m ar t a t a k r o r l a n g a n d a n s o’n g hi m o y ac hi l a r
o’ r g a n i b q o l a di , shu n d a n f o y d a l a n g a n hu j u m c hi l ar to’ s a t d a n bo s h q a s h er ik l ar in i
h am j a l b q il g an h o l d a hu j u m sh a k lin i o’ z g a r ti r a d i v a ra qi b l ar m ud o f a a s i n i
v a q tin c h a s a r o s i m a g a s o l a d i . O lt i m e t r l i c h i z i q bo’ y l a b , b u rc h ak v a c h i z i q
b o’ y la b o’ y n a y d ig a n o’ yin chilarnin g m un tazam h ara k at q i l is h i , hi m o y ac h i l ar
h a r a k a t i u c h u n u n d an h am ko’ p q i y in c h i l ik l ar t ug’ d ir a di . I kk i ki c hi k
“ vos m er k a” d a y o k i i k k i u c h b u r c h a k b i l a n h ar a k a t q il i s h o d d i y o’ zaro
h ara k a t n i ; 2 -3 o’ y in c h i o r a s i g a to’s i q q o’ y is h v aa s os i y to’ p u za ti s h la r n i qo’ l l a s h
y a x s h i n a ti j a g a er is h is h g a i m ko n b e r a di .
H ar a k a t q i l is h d a m uhi m i bi r p o z i t s i y a d a i kk i h u j u m c hi n i n g to’ x t a b
q ol m asl ig i ; t o’ p bi l an bo’ l g a n o’ y in c h i e s a hi m o y ac hi l a r n i n g o ld i n g a c h iq i sh i g a
m a jbu r e t u v c h i h u j u m h ar a k a tl a r i n i i sh l a t i s h i k e r a k .
Z o n a l i h i m o y a g a q a r s h i h u j u m d a m uhi m i hi m o y ac hi l a r g a n oq u l ay
bo’l g a n j o y l a s h ti r i sh d a n f o y d a l a ni s h d i r. S h un d a y qi l i b , 6 -0 v a 5 - 1 z o n a s i g a
q ar sh i ku r a sh d a y a xs h i s i ikk i c h i z i q b o’ y l ab o’ y na y di g a n o’ y in c h i b i l a n x u j u m
qil i s h . 4 - 2 v a 3 - 3 z o n a l i h i m o y a g a q a r s h i k u r a s h d a e s a, b i r o’ y in c h i c h i z i q
b o’ y l ab o’ y n a s a y a xsh i n a ti j a b e r a di .P o z i t s io n hu j u m m u v aff a q i y a ti ni n g oh i r g i
n a t i j a s i o’ y in c h i l ar n in g o’ za ro k e li s hi b q i l i n a d i g an h ar a k a ti g a, o l di n d a n
o’ r g a n g a ni n i qo’ ll a s hi g a v a o’ y in da vu j u d g a k e l a di g an ho l a t l a r n i i jo bi y h al
q i li s hi g a bo g’l i q .
22

H i m o y a d a o’ y n a sh ni n g u m u m j a m o a us u l i s h a xs i y , hu d u di y v a ara l a sh
bo’ l i s h i m u m ki n . B i r o q q i s m an bo’ l s a h am bos h q a u s u l e l e m e nt l a r id a n
f o y d a l a n m a sd an b i r g i n a u s ul d a o’ y n a y v er i s h x a t o bo’ l a d i , c hu n k i b u h o l h i m o y a
t a kt i k a s i n i q a s h sho q l a s h t i r i b qo’ y a d i . H i m o y a d a o’ y n a s h u su l l a r in i
hi m o y ac hi l a r n i n g s h a x s i y xi s l a tl a r i v a i m ko n i y a t l a r i n i h i s ob g a o l i b t a n l a s h k e r a k .
M u d of a a q i la y o t g an j a m o a h a ra k a t la r i nin g h a m m a s i h u j u m
q i l a y o t g a n l a r h ar a k a t i g a j a v o b t ar i q a si d a b o’l i b , ra q i bl a r t a k t i k a s i n i n g
h u s u si y a tl ar i g a q a ra b u y us h t i r i l a di . M ud o f aa n i n g y a xs h i u y u s h t i r il g a nl i g i
j a m o a g a hu j u m h ara k a t l a r in i h am m uvo f f a q i y a tl i b a j ar is h i m ko n i y a t i n i be r a di .
H i m o y a ni n g a so si y m a qs a d i r a q i b la r n i n g d a r v o z a g a to’ p n i a n i q o tish i
i m koni y a t in i k a m a y ti r i sh di r b u n d a a s os i y va z i f a l ar q u y i d a g i l a r d a n i bo r at
bo’ l a d i :
1 ) qi s q a v a q t i c h i d a r a q i b l a r d an to’ p n i o li b qo’ y is h;
2 ) h u j u m d a i s ht i r o k e t uv c h i g u r u h o’ y inch i l a r i o r a s i d a g i o’ r g a n i lg a n
a l o q a l a r n i b u z is h ;
3 ) d ar v o z a g a to’ p oti s h l a r g a q ar sh i l i k k o’ r s a t i s h .
4 ) o’ z d a r vo z a s i o l d i d a to’ p u c h u n ku ra s h i s h v a to’ p e g a l l a g a nd a n
s o’ n g hu j u m n i t a sh k i l q i li s h.
A r a l as h h i m o ya . Bu t i z i m d a sh a x s i y v a z on a l i hi m o y a n in g i j obi y
to m on lari bi r l a s ht i r il d ga n . I k k i a so si y t a m o y i l m a n faa t i a l oxi d a o’ y in c h ig a q a r sh i
h ar a k a t v a z o n a d a g i m udof aa n i n a t i j a l i qil i sh dir .
B u n d ay hi m o y a qu y id a g i v ar i a n t l ar g a bo’ l i n a d i : 5 + 1 , 4 + 2 , 1 + 4 + 1 .
b ul a r nin g a n gl a t i s h i c ha , o’ y in c h i l a r n in g b i r q i s m i ( b i r i n c h i r a q a m ) z on a n i u sh l a b
t u r a d i . B o sh q a l ari e s a, ( i kk i n c h i r a q a m ) xu j u m c hin i sh a x s a n h i m o y a qil a d i .
V ar i a n t 5 +1 - h i m o y ac h i n i t a s hk i l e t i s h da ko’ p u c h r a y di g a n u s ul dir .
B u nd a o’ y in c h i l ar 6 – 0 z o n a d a gi g a o’x s h a b h a ra k a t q i l a d i l ar, o’ y in c h i l a r d a n
b i ri e s a k u c h l i h u j u m g a q ar sh i s h a x s i y hi m o y a d a o’ y n a y d i .
23

V ar i a n t 1 + 4 +1 r a q i bl ar j a m o a s i c h i z i q bo’ y l ab o’ y n a y di g a n b o’l s a,
sh u ng a q a r s h i q o’l l a n il a d i v a u o’ y in c hi n i hi m o y ac hi d a n b i r g a p a n oh g o x li k q ilis h
y uk l a n a d i .
H i m o y a d a m u v aff a qi y a t l i o’ y n a s h , b arc h a h i m o y a ti z i m l ar in i to’ l a
t a k o m il l a s h t i r i b e g a ll a s h g a v a s h a x si y hi m o y a d a y a xs h i h ar a k at q i l is h n i
bi li s hg a a s os l a ng a n . K e y in c h a l i k z o n a v a r i a n tl a r i n i n g b i r i n i q o’l l a s h v a u n d a n
s o’n g ar a l a sh hi m o y a g a o’ti s h h u ju m qil is h i d a r a q ib l ar o l d i g a m u ra k k a b
v a z i fa la r qo’ y a d i .
Guruh h a r a k a t l a ri
H i m o y ac hi l a r n i n g g u r u h bo’ l i b h a r a k at q i l i sh i – j a m o a o’ y inin in g
a so s i d i r. T o’si q l a r g a q a r s h i h ara k a t q i l i sh d a, t o’ p b i l a n o’ti sh g a to’ p o t i sh g a
q a r sh i ku r a sh d a, ra q i b l ar s o n ji h a t i d a n u s t u nl i k k a e g a b o’l g a n d a s h un d ay
h ara k a t l a r n i qo’ l l a s h z a r u r d i r.
H i m o y ac hi l a r a so s a n u c h ho l a t d a h a r a k a t q i l is h g a t a yy o r bo’l i s h l a r i k e r a k :
s o n j ih a t d an t e n g b o’l g a n d a ( 2 x2 , 3 x 3 v a y a n a b o s h q a l a r ), hu j u m c hi l a r son
j ih a t d an u s t un l ik k a e g a b o’l g a n d a ( 2 x 1 , 3 x 2 v a y a n a b o sh q a l a r ).
S o n ji x a t d an t e n g b o’l i s h r a qi bl a r n i n g po z i t s i y a d a h u j u m qil is h i d a
u c h r a y d i ; hi m o y ac hi l ar h u j u m n i “ st ra x ov ” k a q i l i s h h ar a k a ti g a q ar sh i ,
qo’ s h i l is h , g u r uhl i to’ s i q , s i r g’ a n i b o’t is h v a d a r v o z a b o n bi l a n o’z a r o h a r a k a t d a
qo’ ll a n i la d i .
“ S t ra x o v k a” t o’ p e g a ll a g a n hu j u m c hi l a r g a q a r s h i q o’l l a n i l a d i ,
hi m o y ac hi l a r hu j u m ini n g x a v f l i r o q bo’ l g an to m on i g a s i l ji sh a d i v a b o’s h
b o’l i b q o l g a n z o n a ni
24

y opi s h a d i . A g ar hi m o y ac h i to’ p b il a n bo’l g a n o’ y i c hi n i to’ x t a t i s h u c hu n c h iq s a,
u h ol d a un i n g j o y in i un g a y a qi n b o’l g a n b o s h qa h i m o y ac h i e g a l l a y d i .
O’t i s h – t o’s i q y o r d a m id a h ar a k at q il i b y o k i a l d a b o’ t i b , to’ p o t is h
p o z i t s i y a s i g a c h i q m oq c h i bo’ l g a n h u j u m c h i l a r n i d oi m o n a z o r a t q i l i sh n i
s a q lo v c h i a s os i y usu l b o’l i b hi s ob l a n a d i . U hu j u m c h i l a r n in g j o y a l m a shi n i sh id an
ib o r a t d i r . B u n d ay j o y a l m a s h ti r i sh l ar b i r m ar t a bo’ l i s h i m u m ki n , u n d a
p a n ox g og i d a n q u t il g a n o’ y in c h in i h i m o y ac hi lar d an bi ri ol a d i y o k i o’ r i n
a l m a sh i n is h d a ikki o’ y in c h i q a t n a s h s a, u n d a ik k i o’ za r o ha r a k a t q i l u v c h i
h i m o y ac hi l ar v a s i y l i k q i l u v c h i o’ y in c h i l a r n i a l m a sh t ir a di .
T o’si q y o r d a m id a q u t il i b , z o n a g a k i r m oq c h i b o’l g a n o’ y in c h in i z i c h
u sh l a g a n d a s i r g’ a ni b k i r i s h q o’l l a n i l a d i . U n i n g k i r i s h i g a y o’ l q o’ y m a sli k
u c h u n , hi m o y ac h i un i y a qi n m a so f a d a k u z a t i s h i k e ra k . B un i n g u c h u n
o’ y in c h i p a n ox g o x li k q il uv c h i sh e r i g i t o’s i q si f a t i d a f o y d a l a ni s h i u c h u n
o r q a g a c h e k i n a di v a h ar a k at q il u v c h i hi m o y ac hin i o l d i n g a o’t k a z a di .
G u r u x b o’l i b to’ s i q qo’ y i s h to’ p o t u v c h i hu j u m c hi g a q a r s h i xu j u m qil g a n
h o l a t l ar d a i s h l a t i l a d i v a u n i bi r – bi r i g a y a qi n j o y l a s hg a n i k k i - u c h
hi m o y ac h i a m a lg a o s h i r a d i .
D ar v o z a b o n b i l a n o’ zaro h a ra k at t o’s i q q o’ y uv c h i h i m o y ac h i l a r bi l a n
d a r v o za bo n ni n g k e l i s h i b q i l g a n h a r a k at l ar i d a n i b o ra td i r. B u n d ay hol a t d a
o’ y in c h i l ar h ar a k a t i o l d in d a n o’ za r o b o’ l i s h il g a n v a z i f a s h a r t i n i xi s ob g a
olib xi m o y ac h i o x i r g i po z i t si y a n i e g a l l a y d i . K o’p i n c h a to’s i q q o’ y uv c h i
xi m o y ac hi l a r g a d a r v o z a n i n g u l a r g a y a q i n b u r c h a g i n i b e r k it i s h y u k l a n a di .
Ra q i b l ar s o n ji h a t d a n u s tu n li k k a e g a bo l i b qo l g an h o l a t d a,
hi m o y ac hi l a r a v v al x u j u m n i n g r i vo j la ni s h i n i t o’x t a ti s h g a h a r a k at qi l i s h l a r i
k e r a k . I kk i hi m o y ac h i u ch x u j u m c hi g a q a r s h i ku r as h d a qu y i d a g i c h a i s h
t u t m og’ i lo z i m . A g ar to’ p b u rc h a k d a g i x u j u m c hi ga b o’l s a , u n g a y a q i n
h i m o y ac h i l a r d a n bi r i xu j u m q i l a di , i k ki n c h i s i e s a q o l g a n i kk i x uj u m c h i g a
b ar a v a r bo’ l g a n o r a l iq d a gi p o z i t s i y a n i e g a ll a y d i .
25

1 .3. D a r v o z a b o n o’ y i ni t e x n i k as i v a t a k t i k as i
K e y ing i v a q t l a r d a d a v o z a b on n in g t o’ p o t a y otg a n o’ y in c h i g a p e s hvo z
c h iq i sh i a m a ld a k o’ p q o’ll a n il m oq d a . B u n d ay ho l a t da , d e si n ib , y uqo r i d a n
b a l a n d t ra y e k t oi y a d a to’ p o ti s h l ar ( d a r v o z a b o n u st id a n o sh i r i b ) m a’ lu m
bo’li sh i c h a , j u d a s er m a hs u l h i s ob l a n a d i . T o’ p o ti s hn i n g b a j r i l is h i o d a t d a g i
u s u l d a b o s h l a ni b , o x i r i d a e s a to’ p n in g t ra y e kto r i y a s i o’ z g a r t i r i l a d i . [ 7 ]
T o’pn i y er g a u r i b s a p c h it i b o t is h - d ar v o z a b o n l ar u c h u n e n g m u ra k k a b
to’ p o ti s h d i r . A y ni q s a , ot g a nd a n so’ n g s a p c hi b a y l a n i b , o’ z t ra y e k t o r i y a s in i
o’ z g a r ti r a d i g an t o’p n i ol i s h d a r v o za bo n l ar u c h u n j ud a k a t t a q i y in c h il i k
t ug’ d i r a d i. O d a t da , b u u s u l b u rc h a k d an h u j u m qi li s h p a y t i d a qo’ l l a n il a d i .
T o’p n i o t i lis h j o y ig a q arab o’n g g a y ok i c h a p g a a y l a n ti r i b o t i s h m u m ki n .
To’p n i a y l a n t i r i shg a b i l a k v a k a f t n i n g t e z k o r h ar a k a t l a r i v a b a r m oql ar n i n g
f a o ll i g i t u fa y l i e r i s h i l a d i .
C h a l g’i t i s h la r ( f i nt ) . Bu u s u ln i t o’p s i z v a to’ p b i l a n b a j a r i s h m u m ki n.
T o’ps i z c h a l g’i t s h l a r d a n ko’p r o q un i q a r s h i l ik si z q a b u l k i l is h u c hu n
hi m o y ac hil a r n i n g y a q i n i d a t u r g a n i d a t a’ q i b d a n q u t i l i s h m a qs a d i d a
f o y d a l a n i l a d i. T o’ p b i l a n c h a l g’i t i s hl a r u z a t i sh n i , ot i sh n i y o k i y er g a u r i b y u r is h n i
k ar sh i l i ksi z b a j ar is h u c h u n q o’ll a n i l a d i .
C h a lg’ i t i s h l ar m u rr a k k ab h ar a k a tl a r y o r d a m id a b a j a r i l a d i , h a m m a sid a n
ko’p r o q bi r – bi r i g a bog’ l i q b o’ l g an bos qi c h (faz a ): a n c h a gi n a s e k i n c h a l g’i t i s h
h ar a k a t i t e x n i k u s uli n in g q u l ay p a y tid a q o’ll a n is h i v a t ez a so si y usu l n i a m a lg a
o sh i r i s h g a b og’l iq d i r .
I k k i v a u n d a n o r ti q u su ll a r d a n t a sh k i l t op g an c h a l g’i t i sh l ar i kk i t u r g a
bo’ l i n a d i : o d d i y v a m u ra kk a b . B i r h ar a k a t d an b o sh q a ik k i n c h i h a ra k a t g a o’t i s hd a
q a n c h a k am v a q t s ar f l a n s a , r a q i b n i a l d a b o’ ti s hg a s h u n c h a i m k o ni y at y ara t a d i .
T o’pn i u z a t i s h d a u s u l l a r n i o’ z g a r ti r i b t o’ p y o’n a li sh i n i v a t o’ p u z a t ishd a
to’ x t a b q o li s h p a y tl a r id a c h a l g’i t i s h l ar q o’ l l a ni l a d i . En g k o’ p t a r q a l g a n
c h a lg’ i t is h – b u t o’ p n i ot m oq c h i bo’ l i b , so’ n g t o’p n i u z a t is h d i r ( b os h o r q a s i d a n ,
o r q a v a y o n to m on d a n ).
26

T o’ p o t i sh d a t o’p n i u za t a y otg a n d ay h ara k a t q i l i s h y ok i b i r u s u l d a to’ p
ot m oq c h i b o’l i b , i k ki n c h i u su l d an f o y d a l a n is h , s a k r a b to’ p ot m o q c h i bo’l i b y er g a
t us h i b h i m o y ac h i n i a l d a b o’t is h j u d a f o y d a l i d i r .
C h a lg’ i t i s h l a r n i , a y ni q sa , hi m o y ac hi n i a l d a b o’t i s h d a qo’ l l a s h m u h i m dir .
Bu bi r v a i kk i q a d a m l i h ar a k a t b o’l is h i m u m ki n . C h a lg’ i t i s h s i f a t i d a q a d am
qo’ y is h , h a m l a q i l i s h v a to’ p u za t i s h l ar d an f o y d a l a n il a d i .
T o’siq . Bu hu j u m c h i l a r n i n g h i m o y ac h i l ar p a no h i d a n q u t i l is h i u c hu n
qo’ l l a n i l a d i g a n f o y dal i vo s i t a dir . Q o’ l t o’p i o’ y ini d a to’ s i ql ar y a kk a h o l d a vao’ yin chilar
gu r u h i t o m onid a n q o’ y ili s h i m u m ki n .
G u r u h b o’li b t o’s i q qo’ y is h 9 m er t l i e r k i n t o’ p t a sh l a s h c h i z ig’ i d a n t o’ p
o t i sh d a qo’ l l a ni l a d i , b u b i r n e c h a h u ju m c hi ni n g b i r – b i r ig a y a qi n t u r i b ,
t o’ pe g a ll a m oq c h i bo’ l g a n h u j u m c hig a p e sh v o z c h iq a y o t g a n hi m o y ac hil ar
y o’li n i to’ s i s h d an i b o r a t dir .
O’ y in c h i l a r n in g hi m o y a t e x ni k a si g a t o’p n i o l i b y u r i s h , u r i b q a y t ar i s h ,
to’ si q qo’ y is h v a d a r v o z a bo n o r q a l i to’ p n i u s h l a b o l is hl a r k i r a d i .
D a s t l a b k i h o l a t d a t o’g’ ri tu r i s h h i m o y a h ar a k a t i t a y y o r g a r l i g i g a za m i n
y ara t a d i . O’ y in c h i o y oql a r i n i b u k i b , g a v d a o g’i r l i gi n i o y o q k a f tl a r n i n g
ol d ing i q i s m ig a b ar a v ar t a q si m l a b , q o’ll a r i n i bu k k an h o l d a ( b u r c h a g i
t a x m in an 9 0 % ) bi r o z i kk i t o m ong a y o y i b , qo’ l k a f tl a ri n i o ld i n g a q ar a t i b
t u r is h k e ra k . Y o n to m on g a e r k i n y u ra o l i s h v a o r q a b i l a n y ug u ra bi l i s h
h i m o y ac h i h ar a k a t i t e xn i k a s i ni n g e n g m u x i m usu l l a r i di r .
To’ pni
o li b qo’ yi sh . Bu m uhi m us u l y o r d a m id a j o m o a n i n g q a r s h i
h u j u m g a o’t i s h i n i t a’ m inl a nd i . H i m o y a d a g i o’ y in c h i to’ p u z a t i l g an v a qt d a u n i
ol i b q o’ y is h m a qs a d i d a o’ zi to’ si b t u r g a n h u j u m c h i n in g o ld i d an t o’p g a q a r s h i
c h i qi s h u c h u n j o y id an k e s k i n q o’ z g’ a l i s h i l o z i m .
T o’ p n i ur i b ch i q a r ish . Bu h ar a k a t to’ p ol i b y u r g a n h u ju m c h i b i l a n
ku r a sh d a b a j a r i l a d i . H i m o y ac h i q ul ay p a y t po y l ab hu j u m c h i g a
y a qi n l a s h a d i, to’ p n i u r i b c h i q ar a d i v a u n i e g a l l a sh g a h ara k a t q i l a d i . T o’p n i u r i b
c hi q a r i s h u n i o t i s h u c hu n q o’l n i o r q a g a u z a t i b , s i l t a s h h ar a k a t in i b a j ar is h d a
h am qo’ll a n i l a d i. H i m o y ac h i bu n d ay xol a t d a hu j u m c hi n i n g to’ p n i o t m oq c h i
27

bo’ l g a n q o’l in i o r q a g a u z a t is h i n i k u t a d i v a s h u p a y t qo’ l k af t i b il an t o’p n i
tu s h i r a d i .
T o’ p n i t o’s i sh . D ar v o z a g a y o’n a lti r i l g an t o’pg a q ar sh i l i k ko’ r s a tishd a
qo’ l l a n i l a d i g a n a s o si y vo s i t a h i s ob l a n a d i . Y uq o r i d a n , o’ r t a v a p a st d a n
k e l a y ot g a n to’ p n i b i r v a i k k i qo’ l b i l a n to’s is h m u m ki n . T o’si sh n i
b a j ar a y otg an h i m o y ac h i q a n c h a l i k hu j u m c hi g a y a q i n bo’ l sa , t o’ p y o’n a l i s hi n i
a n i q l a s h s hu n c h a li k oson bo’l a d i . S h u ni n g u c h u n hi m o y ac h i t o’p n i u s h l a s h g a
t a y y o r l a n is hd a d i q q a t b i l a n hu j u m c hi n i , s h un i ngd e k , t o’ p n i k u z a t i s h i v a o’ z
v a q t i d a to’ p ot a y otg a n o’ y in c hi n i to’ x t a ti s h u c hu n c h iq i s h i lo z i m . H u j u m c h i
to’ p o t is h i d a n o l di n h i m o y ac h i b e v o s i t a qo’ l l a r i n i y uqo r i g a k o’t ar i b , k q f tl a r i n i
o l d i n g a q ar a t i b bi r - b i r ig a y a qin l a sh ti r a d i va to’ p n i t o’s i s h d a q o’ l
b ar m oql a r i n i j a r o x a t d a n s a q l a s h u c h u n m u s h a kl a r in i t ar a n g l a s h t i r a d i .
Y er d a n s a k r a t i b o t il g a n to’ p n i t o’s is h s a k r a b a m a lg a o sh i r il a d i . S h u n in g
u c h u n h i m o y ac h i ol d in d an o y o q l ar in i bu k k an h o l a t d a t a y y o r l a n i b t u r i sh i k e r a k .
Q o’s h il ish . Bu us u l o’ y in c h i l ar n i n a z o r a t q il i s h n i y o’qo t i s h x a v f i
t u g’i l g a n d a qo’ll a n i l a d i . H i m o y ac hil ar q o’s h i l i b j o y a l m a sh ti r sa , b u h o l d a
u l a r k u za tu v c h i g a o’ y in c h il a ri o’ z g ar a d i y u to’s i q qo’ y ilg a n h u j u m c h i o r q a g a
h ar a k a t q i l s a, s h u z a x o t i u n i n g r a q i b i ol d i n g a c h i q i b , h u j u m c h i k e tg an
t o m ong a o’t a di . O d a t da , bu n d ay usu l to’s i q q o’ y ishd a v a hu j u m c hil a r n in g
q ara m a - q ar sh i o’ r i n a l m a sh t i r is h i d a qo’ l l a ni l a d i . H u j u m c h i h i m o y a
h ara k a t l a r ig a qo’ s h i l g a n d a uni t a’ q i b q i lu v c h i y o k i d ar v o z a g a y a qi n tu r g a n
hi m o y ac h i j a v o b g a r bo’l m og’ i k er a k . H u j u m c hi n i n g h u j u m h ara k a t l a r i n i
qi y in l a s ht i r is h u c h u n hi m o y a qil is hg a o’ tg a n o’ y in c h i h u j u m c hi n i n g k i r is h
y o’lin i v a fa o l h ar a k a t i n i to’xt a t i sh g a h ar a k a t q i l is h i k er a k . B u n i a m a lg a
os hi r i s h u c h u n hi m o y ac h i q ara m a- q a r s h i h ar a k at q i l i b , ta’ qibchidan o z o d
bo’ li s h i m a qs a dg a m u v o f iq di r .
D ar v o z a b o n j a m o a d a e n g qi y i n v a m a su l v az i fa n i b a j ara d i . U n in g h a r a k a t i
fa q a t d ar v o z a bo n ni n g x a v f si z l i g i n i e m a s , b a lk i h u j u m ni n g n a t i j a si n i h am
b e lg i l a y d i . D ar v o z a b o n u c h u n m uhi m i – a v v a l o b o’ y i ( 18 0 - 1 9 0 s m ), t e z li k
rea k si y a s i , m o’l j a ll a y ol i s h , c h a qq o n l ik , ku c h , c h i d a m li l i k k a b i si f a t l a r di r .
28

D ar v o z a b on n i n g d a st l a bk i o’ y i n t e xn ik a si ga : t u r i s h , s i l j i s h , c h a lg’ i t is hl a r , t o’p n i
qo’ l , o y o q , g a vd a b il a n q a y t a r i s h v a t o’p n i u z a t is hl ar k i r a di .
D ar v o z a b o n t e x n i k u su ll a r i n in g m uv aff a qi y a t l i b a j a r i li s h i k o’ p j ih a td a n
u ni n g h ar a k a t g a q a n c h a l i k t a y y o r e k a n l i g i b e l g i l a n a d i . D ar v o z a b o n n in g d a s t l a bk i
h o l a t n i t o’g’ ri t a n l ay b i l is h i u ni n g h ar a k a tg a t a y y o r e k a n l i g i o m ill a r i d a n d i r .
Tur i s h. D ar v o z a b o n h ar a k a t d a g i t o’ p n i n g v a z i y a ti g a bo g’l i q r a v is hd a h ar
xil h o l a t d a t u r is h i m u m k i n . D ar v o z a d a t u r is h ni n g a s os a n 2 t u r i m a v j u d: d a r v o z a
o’ r t a si d a v a d a r v o za u s t u n l ari y o n i d a . D ar v o za o’ r t a s id a a s o si y h o l a td a
t u r i b h ar a k a t q i l i s h qu l a y dir : o y oql a r y e lk a k e n g l i gi d a, s a l bu k i l g an g a vd a
og’i r l i g i ikki o y oq q a b ar a v ar b o’l i n g a n , g a v d a n in g y uqo ri qi s m i o z g in a
o l d i n g a e g i l g a n , qo’ l l a r n in g k af t l a r i o l d i n g a q a ra ti lg a n h o l d a s al bu k i l i b y o n
t o m ong a u z a t i l g a n , k a f tl a r b a l a n d li g i t a x m in an y e l k a b a l a n d l i gi g a t e n g y o k i
un d a n h am b a l a n d r o q bo’ l i s h i m u m ki n .
A g ar h u j u m c h i to’ p o t is h n i bu r c h a kd an b a j ara y ot g an b o’lsa , u nd a
d a r v o za bo n d a r vo z a u st u n i y on i d a t u r i b ( o y oql a r o ra li g’ i 1 5 - 2 0 s m ), d ar v o z a g a
y a qi n b o’lg a n q o’l in i y uqo r ig a ko’t a r i b t i r s ak b o’g’i n i s a l g in a b u k il g a n bo’l a d i ,
s hu nd a d a r v o z a n i n g y uqo r i b u r c h a g in i y op a d i; i k k i n c h i qo’ l i y o n to m on g a
u z a t il g a n , g a v d a og’ i r l i g i d a r vo z a g a y a q i n t u r g a n o y o q q a o’tk a z i l g a n . Ana
s hu nd ay h o l a t d a d a r v o z a b o n b e vo s i t a t o’ p n i q a y t ara d i y ok i t e z - t ez o l d in g a
c h i q a d i .
S il j i s h. D ar v o z a b o n j o y in i a so s a n y o n to m ong a q a d am qo’ y i b
o’ z g a r ti r a d i . Bu u n i n g o’ z y o’n a l i s hi n i t e z - t e z a l m a sh ti r i sh ig a v a to’ p n i q a y t ar i s h
u c h u n t a y y o r bo’ l i s h i g a i m ko n i y at y ara t a d i .
D ar v o z a b o n to’ p n i o l i b q o’ y ish n i , s a p c h i g a n to’ p n i e g a l l a b, u n i o’ y ing a
ki r i t i s hn i , ra q ib l ar to m o n id a n t ez y o r i b o’ ti s h n i t a’ m in lo v c h i to’ p n i e g a l l a s hi n i,
o l d in g a v a o r q a g a t ez h ar a k a t q i l i sh n i , k e s k i n s t a r t ol i s h n i b i l ish i s h a r t .
D ar v o z a b o n h a m l a q i l is h h ar a k a t l ar i d a n v a o y oql a r n i bi r c hi z i q
bo’ y l ab y o z i b o’ti r i s h ( s hp a g at) h o l a t i d a n t ez - t e z f o y d a l a n i sh g a to’ g’ ri
k e l a d i , s hunin g u c h u n u b u h a r a k a t l a r n i h ar t o m ong a b e m a l o l b a j a r i s h n i b i l is h i
j ud a zar u r. U n in g h ar x i l s a k r a s h l ar n i b a j ar i sh i o’ yin da a l o hi d a a h a m i y a tg a e g a.
29

D ar v o z a b on n in g to’ p ot a y o t g a n o’ y in c h i g a p e sh v o z c h i qi s h i v a s a k r a s h i –
d a r v o za q o’ r i ql a s h nin g m u ra kk ab u s u l l a r i q a t o r i d a n o’ r i n o l g a n . D ar v o z a n in g
n is h on g a o l i n g a n b u r c h a g in i k a m a y ti r i s h u c h u n d a r v o za bo n y uqo r ig a y ok i
u z u n li k k a s a k rab d a r v o z a g a y o’ n a l ti r i l g a n to’ p n i n g y o’lin i t o’s i s h g a h ar a k a t
q i l a d i . O d a t d a , d a r v o za bo n s a k ra g a n d a to’ p n in g y o’ n a l i s h y o’lin i ko’ p r o q
k a m a y ti r i s h u c h u n o y o q v a q o’ll ar n i y o n to m on g a y o y a d i . D ar v o za bo n r a q ib l a r
b i l a n t o’ p u c h u n k u r a s h d a k o’p i n c h a a l d a s h h a r a k a t l a r i n i i s h l a t a d i . C h a lg’ i t i s h
m a qs a d i d a bi r t o m o n g a e g i l i b , k e y i n b os hq a t o m on n i t o’ s a d i , t e z - t e z y olg’ o n
c h i q is h l ar n i qo’ l l a y d i . B u nd ay h ol a t l a r d a hu j u m c h i to’ p n i d a r v o za bo n u s ti d an
o sh i r i b t a s h l a y d i , l e ki n b u n d ay bo’li s h in i o l d in d a n k u t g a n d ar v o z a b o n d a r h o l
o r q a g a q a y ti b , t o’ p y o’li n i t o’s i s h g a u lg u r a d i . T o’ p n i il is h d a r v o z a b o n o’ y i n
t e x n i k a si n in g e n g m uhi m e l e m e n t l ar i d a n bi r i dir . K u c h l i ot i l g a n to’ p n i i l i s h
i m ko n i y o’ q b o’ls a h a m , un i q a y t ar g a n d a n so’ n g e g a ll a b o l i s h m uh i m r oq d i r ,
c h u nk i q a r s h i hu j u m g a o’t i s h b os h l a n i sh i k er a k , s hu n i n g u c hu n d a r v o z a b o n
t o’p n i i li b o l g a n i m a’ qu l . L e k i n e n g y a xsh i y o’l i – to’ p n i i kk i q o’ll a b ili b
o l is h .
T o’pn i u sh l a s h d a r v o za bo n h ar a k a t l a r i d a g i a so si y o’ r i n n i
e g a ll a y d i . M u hi m i , ot i l g an t o’ p n i “ a m o r ti za ts i y a ” q i l i b u s h l ay bi l i s h k er a k .
B u n in g u c h u n to’ p u r i l g a n da , q o’ l k aft v a b ar m oql a r i n i o z g i n a o r q a g a
y ubo r is h m a qs a dg a m uvo f i q d i r . Y a q i n m a s o fa d an s a p c h i b k e l g a n to’p n i
d a r v o z a b o n u s h l a b o l m og’ i
lo z i m .
T o’pn i q a y t a r i s h d a , u sh l ab o l is hd a d a r v o z a b o n bi r y o k i i k k a l a qo’ ln i
i s h l a t i sh i , b ar a v a r i g a o y o q v a qo’ l , y ok i g a v d a b i l an h a m to’pn i q a y t a r i s h i
m u m ki n . Y u q or i d a n k e l a y ot g a n t o’p n i d a r v o z a b o n bi r y ok i i kk i q o’l l ab
u s h l a y d i . A g ar t o’ p q a y s i t a raf d a n k e l a y o t g a n bo’ l sa , u n d a d a r v o z a b o n t o’ p
k i r itis h bu r c h a g i n i k a m a y ti r i s h u c hu n s h u t ar a f g a y ok i o l d in g a b i r q a d a m
t a shl a y d i y o xu d s a k ra y d i v a t o’p n i u s h l a s hn i o’sh a t o m on d a g i qo’ l
b a r m oql a ri y o k i k a f t i b il a n b a j ar a d i . Ba’z a n b u u su l s a k r a b y iq il g a n h ol d a h am
b a j ar il a d i , l e ki n b u m a qs a d g a m uvo f i q e m a s , c h un k i b u n d ay u s u ln i b a j ar i s h g a
30

ko’ p v a q t i s arf l a n a d i , o q i b a t d a , to’ p n i q a y t ar g a n d a n so’n g d a r v o z a b o n
o’ z i ni n i n g m o’l j a li n i y o’qot a d i . B u nd ay h ar a k a tl a r n i b a j ar ish d a m uvo z a n at
y o’q o t i s h g a k am v a q t s ar f l a b , a s o s i y h o l a t d a tu r i s h n i s a q l a g a n m a’ q u l .
D ar v o z a n i n g p a s t k i q i s m ig a o t i l g a n to’ p o y o q b i l a n q a y t ar i l a d i . T o’ p
k e l a y otg a n to m o n a n i q l a n i b d a r vo z a bo n s h u t o m ong a o y o q k a f t l ar in i t o’g’ r il a b,
m a y do n g a y a qi n k e n g q a d a m g a h a m l a q i l is h g a i n t i l a d i . B u n d a s o n v a b o l d i r
o r a s i d a g i b u r c h ak 9 0 0
n i t a sh k i l e t a d i . S h u t ar a f g a o y o q b i l a n b i r g a
e h t i y ot d a n o’sh a to m o n d a g i qo’ l h am c ho’ z i l a d i: bo s h q a qo’ l e s a m uv o z a n a t
s a q l a s h u c h u n y u q o r i g a ko’t a r i l a d i . H a m l a q i l is h o xi r i d a o y o q t o’l i q
t o’g’ r il a n a d i v a d a r v o za bo n to’g’ ri c h i z i q b o’ y l ab o y o q l a r n i y o z i b , s h p a g a t
ho l a ti n i ol a d i y ok i ik k i n c h i o y o q ti z za si g a tu sh a d i s o’ n g t e z a s o s i y ho l a t d a
t u r is h g a q a y t a d i .
E n g c h e k k a p o z i t si y a d a n d a r v o z an i n g u z o q p a s t k i bu r c h a g i g a
y o’ n a l ti r i lg a n to’ p n i d a r v o z a b o n sh u t a r a f d a g i qo’ l v a o y og’ i n i b ar a v a r i g a si l t ab
y ok i h a m l a q ili b u sh l a y d i .
T o’ p n i u z a t is h . D ar v o z a b o n t o m oni d a n t ez v a a n i q u z a t il g a n
t o’ p j a m o a n i n g h u j u m g a o’t i s h i u c hu n m uhi m s h ar oi t y ara t i s hn i n g g a r o vi di r .
S hunin g u c h u n d a r v o z a b on n i n g b a l a n d t ra y e k t o r i y a bil a n y o k i u z o q m a so f a l a r g a
to’ pn i y uqo r i d a n qo’ l n i bu k i b u z a t is h n i qo’ l l a s h i qo id a t u si g a ki r i b q o l g a n .
T o’ pn i e g a ll a g a n id a n so’ n g d a r v o za bo n , u n i u z a t i s h u c h u n qu l ay t arafni t a n l a y d i .
D ar v o z a b on n i n g h a r a k a t i s a m ara l i bo’ l i s h i u c hu n e n g t o’g’ ri po z i t si y a s i –
d a r v o za o’ r t a s i h i s ob l a n a d i . D ar v o za ol d i d a u n in g m ar k az id a n 1 m g ac h a m a so f a
bo’ y l ab h ar a k a t q i lu v c h i d ar v o z a bo n b a l a n d “ t ra y e kto r i y a ” d a k e l a d ig a n t o’p n i
e g a ll a s h g a d o i m t a y y o r bo’li s h i l o z i m . T o’ p ot il i s h in i b o s h l a s hi n i a n i q l a g a c h ,
d a r v o za bo n d a r v o za m a y don i g a t o’ p k i r i t i s h i m ko n i y a t i n i k a m a y ti r i s h u c hu n
o l d in g a c h i q a d i . O t i l a y ot g an to’ p 3 0 0
d a n k i c h i k bu r c h a k o st id a b o’lsa , u
ho l d a d a r v o za bo n d a r v o za us tu nl a r i y on i d a n j o y ol a d i . D ar v o z a bo n h e c h v a q t
t o’p n i n a z o r a t s i z q ol di r m a s l i g i v a o’ z v a qt id a h u j u m c hi n i n g to’ p o ti s h u su l i n i b u
h ar a k a t b os hl a n i s h i d a n ol d i n r o q a n i q l a s h i ju d a m uhi m di r . A g ar u n in g j a m o a s i
hu j u m qil a y o t g a n bo’ l sa , u n d a u 9 m e t r l i c h i z i q y on i d a j o y l a sh a d i , t a s o d i f a n
31

j a m o a s i t o’pd a n a j r a b q o l i b , ra qi b l ar t ez y o r i b o’ t i s h hu j u m i n i a m a lg a os hi r s a l ar
o’ y i n g a q o’ s h i l is hg a t a y y o r bo’li b t u ra d i . B u n d ay hol d a u t o’ pn i e g a ll a s h u c h u n
m a y do n g a c h iq i sh i m u m ki n . U r i ni s h i m uv aff a q i y a tsi z b o’l s a , u nd a o r q a g a
c h e k i n a d i v a d a r v o za g a tu r i b , t ez y o r i b o’t i b to’ p n i d a r v o z a g a o t a y ot g a n
hu j u m c hi n i n g t o’p in i q a y t ar i s h g a h ar a k a t q il a d i .
32

II .B O B. QO‘L TO’ P I O’ YINI M U SO BA Q A L ARN I T A SHK I L
XAKAMLIK QILISH
2 .1.
Qo’l to’pi o’yinida musobaqalarni boshqarish va xakamlik qilish
Q o’ l to’ p i m us o b o q a l ari o’q u v m a shg’ u l o t i sh l ar in i n g a s o s i y q i s m in i
t a s h ki l e t a di . U s h ug’ u l l a nu v c h i l a r n in g m a shg’ ul o t l a r g a q i z i q i sh i n i os hi r a d i ,
m a m l a k a t d a qo’ l to’ p i n i o m m a vi y r i v o j l a n ti r i sh g a y o r d am b e r a di . G a n d bo l c h i
o’ y in la r d a m un t azam q a tn a s h m ay tu r i b y uqo r i n a t i j a l a r g a e r i s h a o l m a y d i .
M u so b o q a l a r m uso b a q a q a t n a s h c h i l a r i n in g v a u m u m a n , j a m o a ni n g ji s m on i y
t e x n i k , t a k ti k v a a x lo qi y – i r o d a v i y ta y y o r g ar l ig i d ara j a s i n i ani q l a y d i , o’ q u v
m a s h g’u lo t j ara y on in g a h v o l i v a y o’ n a l i s hi n i a n iq l a s h i m k o n in i b e r a d i .
M u s ob o q a n a t i j a l a r i o’ qu v – m a shg’ u l o t is hl a r i n i y a kun la s h vo s i t a s i b o’ li b
h i z m at q i l a di .
M u s o b a q a l ar q a ti y l i k n i , g’ a l a b a g a e r i sh i s h y o’li d a g i i r o d a k u c h i n i ,
j a m o a, tu m a n , s h a h ar, r e s p ub l i k a, q o l a v e r s a, m a m l a k at o ld i d a g i m asuli y at h is i n i
t a r bi y a l a y d i . O’ y in c h i l a r n in g e m ot s i o n a l k e sk i n l ig i g a n d bol c h i l a r n i n g r u h i y
x us u s i y a t l a r i n i a n iq l a s h g a i m ko n b e r a di .M u s o b a q a l a r n i t a y y o r l a s h v a o’t k a z ish g a
u m u m i y ra h b a r l i k n i a m a lg a o sh i r a d i g a n t a s h ki l o t , s hu n in gd e k m us o b a q an i
o’ t k a z i s h u c hu n a n i q j a vo b g ar s h a x s bo’ l i s h i , m us o b a q a l a r j o y in i t a y y o r l a s h
s p o r t c h i v a h a k a m l a r n i k u t i b ol i s h , j o y l a s h ti r i s h , ov q a tl a n t i r i s h t i bb i y hi z m at
ko’ r s a t is h , s hu n in gd e k , m a d a niy t a db i r l ar n i o’t k a z i s h u c h u n h am j a vo b g ar
t a y in l a n i s h i k er a k . O l d i g a q o’ y il g a n v a z if a l a r i g a q a r ab m uso ba q a l a r n i a s o s i y
v a y o r d a m c h i m uso b a q a l a r g a b o’l is h m u m ki n . O’ z b e k i s to n re s p ub l i k a s i
m a d a ni y at i shl ari v a sp o rt V az i r l i g i to m on i d a n t a sd i q l a n g an s p o r t t a s n i f i
t a l a b l ar i g a m u v o f i q t a sh k i l e t i l a d i g a n ha m d a n a ti j a l a r g a ko’r a g’ o l i b v a
c h e m pi o n d e g an n o m b er i l a d ig a n m u so b a q a l a r a so si y m uso b a q a l a r g a
k i r a d i .M u s o b a q a l a r n i n g a s o s i y tu r i – t a q vi m m uso b a q a l ari b o’l i b , u l ar s p o r t
t a db i r l ar in i n g y a go na t a q vi m i y r e j a s i d a n a z a r d a t ut i l a d i v a t a s d i q la n g a n
n i z o m g a m uvo f i q ra v i sh d a o’t k a z i l a di . M u s o ba q a n in g a s os i y tu r l a r i g a:
b i r i n c h il i k y o k i c h e m pi o n a t l ar, k u bo k m us o b a q a l ar i , s ar a l a s h m us o b a q a l a r i
k i r a di .B i r i n c h i l i k y ok i c h e m pi o n a t l ar e n g m a’ su l i y a tl i m u s o ba q a l ar
33

b o’l i b , ul a r ni n g n a t i j a l a r i bo’ y i c h a g’ol i b j a m o a l ar g a c h e m p i o nl i k un v on i
b e r i l a di . M u s o b a q a l a r n i t a s h ki l e t is h ni n g b u t u ri j a m o a l ar ku c h i n i x o l is o n a
b a ho l a s h g a olib bo r i l a y ot gan o’q u v – m a shg’ u l o t is h in i n g s if a t i n i t a q qo s l a s hg a
i m ko n b e r a d i .
K u b o k m us o b a q a l ar i g a j u d a k o’ p j a m o a l a r n i j a l b e ti s h m u m ki n v a u l a r
g’o l i bn i q i s q a m ud da t l ar d a a ni ql a s h m a qsa di d a o’ t k a z i l a d i . K u bo k m uso ba q a l ari
e n g y a xs h i lar n i i zc hil l i k b i l an t a nl a b o l i s h tao m il i bo’ yicha o’ t k az i l a d i .
Sara l a s h m uso b a q a l a ri m uso b a q a n i n g k e y i n g i b os qi c h i da q a t n a s hi s h u c hu n
e n g k u c h l i j a m o a l a r n i a ni ql a s h m a qs a d id a o’t k a z i l a di .M u s o b a q a n i n g y o r d a m c h i
t u r l ar i g a qu y i d a g il ar k i r a d i : n a z o r a t u c hr a sh u v l a r i , o’ r to q l i k u c hr a s hu v l a r i ,
ki s q a r t i r il g an m us o b a q a l a r. N az o r a t u c hr a s h uv l a ri j a m o a l a r n i bo’ l a j ak
m uso ba q a l a r g a t a y y o r l a s h v a ul a r ni n g t a y y o r g a r l i g i n i t e k s h i r i s h m a qs a d i d a
o’ t k a z i l a d i . O’ r to q l i k u c hr a s h u v l ar o’q u v – m a s h g’u l o t m a qs a dl a r i d a y ok i
a n a n a viy m uso b a q a l ar re j a si d a o’t k a z i l a di . Q i s q a r ti r i l g a n m us o b a q a l ar bi r n ec h a
s o at m ob a y ni d a o’ t kaz i l a d i . Ul a r , o d a t d a, b a y r a m ku n lar i g a v a sp o rt
m a vs u m inin g o c hi l i s h y o k i y op i l i s h k u n l a r i g a re j a l a s h t i r i l a di . G a n db o l
m us o b a q a l a r i n i re j a l a s h t i r i s h m ar k az l a s h t i r i l g a n t a rz d a a m a l g a o sh i r i l a di .
O’ z b e ki s t o n R e s p ub l i k a s i m a d a ni y at v a s p o r t i s h l a ri V az i r l ig i b ar c h a i d or a l ar
v a s p o rt t a s hk i lo t l a r i bi l an k e l i s h i b , m uso ba q l a r n i n g t a q v i m re j a si n i i s h l ab
c h i q a d i . O’ z b e k i s to n Re sp u bl ik a s i g a n db o l F e d er a t si y a s i n in g v i lo y a t , o’ lk a v a
s h a h ar m u s o b a q a l a r i y ig’ m a t a q v i m re j a s in i y uqo r i t a sh k i l ot l ar to m on i d a n
re j a l a s h t i r i l g an m us o b a q a l ar n i hi s ob g a olg an ho ld a t u z is h i m a q s a d g a m uvo f i q d i r .
Z ar u r o’ z g ar t i r i s h lar ki r i t i l ga n d a n k e y i n , g a n d b o l b o’ y i c h a u m u m i y
y ig’ m a re j a t e g i sh l i j is m o ni y t ar bi y a v a s p o r t q u m i t a l a r i ni n g o m m a vi y spo r t
t a d bi r l a ri re j a s i g a ki r i t i l a d i h a m d a b arc h a sp o rt t a s h k i lo t lari u c h u n m a j b u r i y
h i s ob l a n a d i .
M u so b a q a o’ t k a z is h t i z i m l a ri
M u s o b a q a o’t k a z is h d a a so s an ik k i t i z i m - a y l a n m a ti z i m v a c h i q i b k e tis h
ti z i m i qo’l l a n i l a d i . B o sh q a h a mm a ti z i m l ar s hu n g a a s o s l a n g an bo’ l a d i .
A y l a n m a t i z i m
34

M u s o b a q a o’ y in l a r i n i a y l a n m a ti z i m bu y i c h a o’t k a z i s h u c h u n j a m o a l ar bir –
b i r l a r i b i l a n b i r m ar o t a b a u c hr a sh i sh l a ri k e r a k .
Ag ar m u s o b a q a b i r d a v r a d a o’tk a z i ls a, bi r m ar t a u c h r a sh i s h a d i . En g to’g’ ri y o’ l
– m us ob a q a n i i kk i d a v r a d a o’t k a z i s hd i r a y l a n m a t i z i m bo’ y i c h a m uso b a q a d a
u c hr a s h g a n l a r n in g h a mm a o’ r i n l a r i b e l g i l a n a di . E n g ko’ p o c hk o t o’p l ag a n
k o m a nd a g’ o l i b x i s ob l a n a l i . D a v r a ti z i m in i o’t k a z i s h ta r t i bi , m us o b a q a g a
q a t n a sh u v c h i j a m o a t ar t i b r a q a m l ari q u ra o’t k a z i l g a n d a n s o’ n g b e l g i l a n a di . J a m o a
no m er l a r i b e l g i l a n g a n d a n s o’n g s h u no m er l a r g a a s o s l a n i b o’ y i n j a d v a l i t u z i l a d i .
D a v ra ti z i m in i n g o’ y i n t a q vi m l a r in i e s a ik k i x i l us u l d a t u z i s h m u m ki n :
B i r i nc h i u s u l : t a q v i m nin g tu z i l i s h i m us o b a q a g a q a t n a sh u v c h i j a m o a l a r
s on i g a b og’ l i q . B uni n g u c h u n j a m o a l ar so n i g a y a q i n t o q s o n ol in a d i v a v a
s hu n g a lo y i q v er ti k al c hi z iq l ar c h i z i l a d i . M a s a l a n : o l t i j a m o a o l s a k , un g a y a q i n
t o q b e s h , d e m a k , b e s h v e r t i k al c h i z i q c hi z i l a d i . 8 j a m o a ols a k , u n g a y a qi n s o n 7
v a h . k .
S o’ng r a bi r i n c h i v e r t i k a l c h i z iq n i n g t a g i g a bi r i n c h i r a q a m
qo’ y i l a d i . Q a tn a s h u v c h i q o l g a n j a m o a l a r n i n g t a r t i b ra q a m in i c h i z iq n i n g o’n g
t ar a f i d a n k e t m a
– k et y uqo r i g a k e y i n p a s t g a q ar a b s o a t st r e l k a s i g a q ara m a – q a r s h i r a s h i v d a
c h i z iq n i n g c h a p t ara f i d a n y o z i l a d i .
6 j a m o a g a t a q v i m tu z i s h
6 : 4 6 : 5
4 : 3 5 : 3 5 : 4 1 : 4 1 : 5
5 : 2 1 : 2 1 : 3 2 : 3 2 : 4
1 : 6 2 : 6 3 : 6
V er t i k a l c h i z i q l a r n i n g t a g i v a us t i g a, t a g i d a n bo s h l a b i s h t i r o k e t u v c h i
j a m o a l a r n i n g u m u m i y so n ig a y a qi n t o q s o ni g a c h a, c h a p d a n o’ ng g a q ar a b
b i t t a d a n u st u n t a s h l a b j a m oa l ar n i n g r a q a m l ari y o z i l a d i . Bu r a q a m l ar v e r t i k a l
c h i z iq l a r i nin g o’n g v a c h ap t ara f i ga q a tn a s hu v c h i j a m oa l ar n i y o z i s h ga
d a st l a bk i ra q am bo’l i b hi z m at q il a d i .
35

Q o l g a n r a q a m l ar s o a t s t r e l k a si g a q a r a m a – q ar sh i , v e r t i k al c h i z i q
t e p a si d a gi ra q a m d an e s a k a m a y ti r i l i b y o z i l a di . S h u g ra f a l a r to’ l d i r i l g a n d an s o’ n g
o’ y i n k a l e n d a r i tu z i l a d i . B u ni n g u c h u n v e r t i k a l c h i z i q l a r n i n g i k k i to m on i d a g i
b i r – bi r i g a p ar a l el r a q a m l ar n i j u f t l a b q o’s hi b y o z is h za r u r .
I s ht i r o k e t uv c h i j a m o a l ar ni n g u m u m i y s on i to q b o’l s a, u h ol d a v er ti k a l
c h i z iq l a r n i n g u st i d a g i v a t a g i d a g i r a qa m l ar s h u k u ng i o’ y in d a i s h t i r o k
e t m a y di g a n j a m o a la r n i ko’ r s a t a di . O’ y in ni n g t a qv i m kun i j a d v a l i n i tu z i s h d a
b o’ s h ra q a m l ar ( v e r t i k a l c hi z i q lar ni n g u s t i v a t ag i d a g i ) o x i r g i j a m o a b i lan
b o sh l a n a di . ( b i z ni n g m is o li m i z d a 1 -6 b i l a n ).O’ yinn ing
t a q vi m k un l a ri
1 - k un 2- k un 3 - k un 4 - k un 5 - k un
1 -6 6- 4 2 -6 6 -5 3 -6
2 -5 5- 3 3 -1 1 -4 4 -2
3 -4 1- 2 4 -5 2 -3 5 -1
I kk i nc h i u s u l : B u o d d i y us u l o’ y i n j ara y oni d a m a y do n a l m a s h t i r i s h h ec h
q a nd ay r o l o’ y n a m a g a n d a, y a’ n i m uso ba q a bi r j o y d a o’t k az il g a n d a q o’l l a n i l a di .
Bu u su l b e v o s i ta t a q vi m k un l ari t a r t ib i b i l an tu z i l a d i . Q a t n a s hu v c h i j a m o a l ar
s onig a m o s ra q a m l ar ( j a m o a l ar s o n i j u ft bo’ l s a), y uqo r i dan c h a p t a r af d a g i
b i r i n c h i ra q a m d an b o s h l ab i k k i u st u n g a y o z i b c h iq i l a d i . S o’ngr a i k ki n c h i
r a q a m d a n b os h l a b , b i r in c h i r a q a m g a q ara m a- q ar s h i so a t s t r e l k a si g a k e t m a-
k et b os h q a ra q a m l ar i k ki n c h i u st u n g a y o z i l a di . K e y i n g i t a q v i m ku n l a r d a
r a qa m l ar n i , b i r in c h i ra q a m n i b i r j o y d a, y a’ n i o l d in g i j o y d a q ol di r i b s o at
s t r e l k a s i g a q a ra m a- q ar sh i b os h q a r a q a m l ar s i l j i t i la d i . A g ar m uso b a q a g a
q a t n a s h a d i g a n j a m o a l ar s o n i toq bo’ l s a, ox i r g i j u f t s o n l ar o’ r n i g a n o l
q o’ y i l a di , q o l g a n r a q a m l ar e s a j o y - j o y i d a q ol di r i l a d i . No l ra q a m i bil an
ju f t l a s h g a n j a m o a s h u t a qv i m ku n i o’ y n a m a y d i .
T a q vi m
bo’ yicha o’ yi n k un la r i ni 7 j a m o a g a i k k i nchi u s ul b il a n
t a q si m l a sh
1 - k un 2 - k un 3 - k un 4 - k un 5 - k un 6 - k un 7 - k un
1 -2 1 -3 1 -4 1 -5 1 -6 1 -7 1 -0
36

0 -3 2 -4 3 -5 4 -6 5 -7 6 -0 7 -2
7 -4 0 -5 2 -6 3 -7 4 -0 5 -2 6 -3
6 -5 7 -6 0 -7 2 -0 3 -2 4 -3 5 -4
M u s o b a q a n i a y l a n m a t i z i m bo’ y i c h a o’ t k a z i sh g a k e t g a n v a q tn i a n iq l a s h
u c hu n u m u m i y o’ yin lar h i so b i n i o l i s h k e r a k .
B u q u y i d a g i f o r m u l a b il a n a n iq l a n a d i :
M = K (K - 1)
M –o’ y in l ar so n i;
K – m uso ba q a d a q a t n a s hu v c h i j a m o a la r so ni .
O’ y i n j a dv a l i n i t u z i s h d a t a q vi m bo’ y i c h a o’ y i n k u n l a ri o r a s i d a g i v a q tg a
a h a m i y at b er i s h k e r a k b o’l s a, m us o b a q a b os h l a n i s h i d a n bi r k u n o ld i n k e l is h i l a d i .
A g ar m uso ba q a b i r j o y d a o’t k az i l a d i g a n b o’l s a, u c h r a sh u v o r a s i d a g i v a qt
j a m o a l a r n i n g m a s h q qili s h i v a d am o li s h ig a e t a r l i b o’li sh i k e ra k .
O’ yindan
y u t i l g a n d a n so’ ng c h i q i b k et i s h t i z i m i
Bu t i z i m qoi d a b o’ y i c h a q a t n a s h a di ga n j a m o a l ar s o n i k o’ p b o’ ls a, o z
m uh l a t i c hi d a m us o b a q a n i o’t k a z is h u c h u n qo’ l l a n i l a d i .
Y u t q a z g a n j a m o a l ar m uso b a q a n i d a v o m e t t i r m a y d i . M u s o b a q a t a qv i m in in g
s e t k a s in i tu z i s h u c h u n m uso ba q a g a q a tn a s hu v c h i j a m o a l ar n i n g s on i n i a n i q l a b ,
so’ n g q u ra t a s h l a s h o’t k az i l a di . Q u ra ta sh l a s h o’ t k a z i l g a n d a n so’ n g t us h g a n
ra q a m l ar t a r t i b bi l an y o z i l a di . S h u n d ay qi l i b u c hr a s h a d i g a n j a m o a l a r
qura
t a s h l a sh o r q a l i m a’ lu m bo’ l a d i . J a m o a l ar s o n i g a b i n oan s e t k a t u z i l a di .
A g ar j a m o a l ar s o n i 2 n i n g q a n d a y di r d a ra j a s i g a t e n g bo’ l s a:
( 2 2
= 4 ; 2 3
= 8 ; 2 4
= 1 6 ; 2 5
= 3 2 ; v a h ok a z o ) b u n d ay h o l l a r d a h a m m a
j a m o a l ar u c hr a s hu v in i bi r i n c h i d a v r a d a bo s h l a y d i l ar. Ag ar q a t n a s hu v c h i j a m o a l ar
s on i n i a ni ql a s h u c h u n qu y i d a g i f o r m u l a d a n f o y d a l a n a d i :
K = (M- 2 p
) .
2
K - b i r i nc h i k und a n
o’ yinga q a t n a s h a d i g a n j a m o a l a r
s o n i ; M - m us o b a q a g a q a tn a s hu v c h i j a m o a l r s o n i ;
37

2 p
– q a t n a s h u v c h i j a m o a l ar s on i g a e n g y a q i n 2 s on i ni n g d a ra j a si .
M a s a l a n :
o’ y in ga q a t n a sh uv c h i j a m o a l ar s o n i 1 1 . S h u s on g a s e t k a t u z is h z a r u r d ir .
B unin g u c h u n 1 1 - g a e n g y a qi n 2 p
d ara j a s i o li n a di . Bu s o n 2 4
= 1 6 b o’ l a d i .
S o’n g 1 6 d a n q a t n a s h u v c h i j a m o a l a r s o n i a y r i l a d i . 1 6 - 1 1 = 5
A y i r i s h n a ti j a si d a q o l g a n b e s h – j a m o a l ar s on i b o’l i b , o’ y in ni n g i k k i n c h i
d a v ra si d a n m uso b a q a g a q o’s hi l a d i . O’ y inn i n g 2 - d ara j a s id a n qo’ s h i l a d i g a n
j a m o a l ar s o n i t o q bo’ l s a, s e t k a n in g y u q o r i s i ga q ar a g a n d a p a s t g a b i r j a m o a n i ko’ p
qo’ y a m iz .
Y u t i l g a n d an s o’n g c h i q i b k e t is h ti z i m inin g y ut u g’ i s h u n dan ib o r a t ki ,
m uso b a q a g a q t a n a s h u v i j a m o a l ar s o ni n in g k o’p l i gi g a q ara m a y qi s q a v a q t i c hid a
g’o l i b l ar a n i q l a n a di . A m m o b u ti z i m nin g m uhi m k a m c hil ig i – u c hr a s hu v c h i
j a m o a l ar j u f t i q u ra t a sh l a s h n a t i j a s i d a an i q l a n a d i . Bu e s a t a s od i f i y n ar s a,
c h unk i e n g k u c hl i i kk i j a m o a qu ra n a t i j a s i da b i r s e t k a g a tu s hi b q o l is h i
m u m ki n . S h u i k k a l a j a m o a n in g bi r i f i n a l a c h a m us o ba q a n i d a vo m e tti r m a y ,
c hi qi b k e t i s h i k er a k . B u n in g n a ti j a s i d a f i n a l g a ku c h si z j a m o a g a c h i q a d i .
Bu t i z i m d a, od a td a b i r i n c h i u ch o’ r i n a n i ql a n a di .
1 - o’ r i n – f i n a l g’ o l i b i .
2 - o’ r i n – f i n a l d a m a g’ l u b i y a t g a u c hr a g a n j a m o a.
3 - o’ r i n – y ar i m f i n a l d a m a g’lu b i y a t g a u c h ra g an j a m o a l ar u c hr a s h u v i
g’o l i b i .
Musobaqalarni rejalashtirish. Gandbol musobaqalarini rejalashtirish
markazlashtirilgan tarzda amalga oshiriladi. O’zbekiston Respublikasi Madaniyat
va sport ishlari vazirligi barcha idoralar va sport tashkilotlari bilan kelishib,
musobaqalarning taqvim rejasini ishlab chiqadi: O’zbekiston Respublikasi
Gandbol federasiyasining viloyat, o’lka va shahar musobaqalari yig’ma taqvim
rejasini yuqori tashkilotlar tomonidan rejalashtirilgan musobaqalarni hisobga olgan
holda tuzishi maqsadga muvofiqdir. Zarur o’zgartirishlar kiritilgandan keyin,
gandbol bo’yicha umumiy yig’ma reja tegishli jismoniy tarbiya va sport
38

qo’mitalarining ommaviy sport tadbirlari rejasiga kiritiladi hamda barcha sport
tashkilotlari uchun majburiy hisoblanadi.
2. Qo’l to’pi o’yini musobaqasini o’tkazish tizimlari.
Musobaqa o’tkazishda asosan ikki tizim — aylanma tizim va chiqib ketish
tizimi qo’llaniladi. Boshqa hamma tizimlar shunga asoslangan bo’ladi.
2 .2. Qo’l to’pi o’yinida musobaqa nizomi asosida musobaqalarni tashkil qilish
S ov r in i o’ r in l ar s h un i ng d ek m uso ba q a d a q a t n a s h u v c h i j a m o a l ar y o k i
j is m oni y t ar bi y a j a m o a l ari ( n a ti j a l ar k lu b l a r bo’ y i c h a h i so b g a o l i n g a n d a)
e g a ll a y d i g a n b a r c h a k e y ing i o’ r in l ar a n i q l a n a d i g a n bi r o n - bi r ra s m i y
m uso b a q a o’t k a z i s h d a n a v v a l m uso b a q a h a q i d a g i ni z o m tu z i l gan bo’ li s h i k e r a k .
Bu n i z o m g a n db o l f e d er a t s i y a s i y ok i m us o b a q a n i o’t k a z u v c h i b osh q a b i r o r
t a s hk i l o t to m on i d a n t a s d iq l a n a di .
M u s o b a q a h a q i d a g i n i z o m k a t t a y u r id i k ku c h g a e g a b o’l g a n hu j j a t d ir .
Und a a s os i y t a s h k il i y v a t e x n i k s h a r t - sh a r o i t l a r a n i q b a y o n q i li n g an b o’l a di .
N i z o m o’q u v - m a sh q i s h l a r i n in g m a z m uni n i b e l gi l a b b er a di , c hu n k i
j a m o a l a r n in g t a sh k i li y - u s l u b i y t a y y o r g ar l i g i bo’ l a j a k m uso b a q a l a r n i n g
x u s u s i y a t l a r i n i h is o bg a o l g a n h o l d a o’t k a z i l a di . M u so b a q a d a q a t n a s hu v i
j a m o a l a r n i n g t a y y o r g ar l i k ko’ r is h u c h u n y e t ar l i v a q t g a e g a bo’l is h l a ri n a z a r d a
t u t i li b , ni z o m old in d a n t a s d iq l a n i s h i v a t ar q a t i l i sh i k e ra k .M u s o b a q a n i o’t k a z is h
d a v r i d a t a s di q l a n g a n n i z o m d an c h e t g a c h i q is h g a y o’ l qo’ y il m a y d i , a k s h o l d a
m az ku r m us o b a q a u n i o’t k a z i l a y o t g a n t a s hk i lo t nin g ob r o’ y i g a p u t u r y e t k a za d i v a
k e r a k s i z n i z ol a r n i k e l t i r i b c h i q ar a d i x o l o s .
M u s o b a q a n i z o m i d a qu y i d a g i m a s a l a l a r a k s e t t i r i l g a n b o’l is h i k e r a k :
1 . O’ tk az i l a y o t g an m u s o b a q a n i n g m aqs a d i v a v a z i f a l a r i .
2 . M u s o b a q a ki m to m on i d a n o’t k a z i l a y ot ga n i (f e d e r a t si y a , t a s hk i li y qo’ m i t a v a
ho k a z o lar).
3 . M u s o b a q a o’ t k a z i s h m ud d a t l a r i v a s h ar t l a r i .
39

4 . M u s o b a q a g a qo’ y i l a d i g a n j a m o a l ar s o n i v a no m i “ z a y a v k a” g a
ki r i t i l a d i g a n q a t n a s h c h i l a r n in g m a ksi m al m iqdo r i .
5 .M u s o b a q a o’t k az i l a d ig a n o’ y i n t i z i m i ( d a v r a l i – b i r y o k i ik k i d a v r a l i ,
m a g’lu b i y a t d a n k e y i n o’ yin dan c h iq i b k e t il a d i g a n ar a l a s h t i z i m ).
6 . H i s o b g a ol i s h t i z i m i v a j a m o a l a r n in g ( n a t i j a l ar k lu b l ar bo’ y i c h a
h is o b l a ng a n d a) e g a ll a g a n o’ r i n l a r i n i a n i q l a s h t a r t i b i .
7 . M u s o b a q a n i n g a l ohi d a s h ar t l a r i ( q a n d ay ho l l a r d a o’ y in d a q o’s h i m c h a v a q t
b e l gi l a ni s h i v a u ni n g d a v o m i y lig i , o’ y i n du r a n g bil a n y a kun la n g a n d a y o k i
o’t k a z i l g an m u s o b a q a n a ti j a s i d a o c h k o l ar s on i t e n g bo’ l g a nd a g’o l i bn i a n i q l a s h
u s ul l a r i , o’ y i n q o i d a l a r id a ko’ r s a t i l g a n id a n t a sh q a r i n e c h t a z a hi r a d a g i
o’ y in c h i n i a l m a sht i r i s h m u m k i n li g i v a h o k a z o l ar).
8 . J a m o a l a r n i v a m us ob a q a q a t n a s h c hi l a r i n i ra s m i y l a s ht i r is h t a r ti bi , sh a k l i ,
o’ yin chilarnin g
t a l a b no m a l ar b e r i s h v a q a y t a t a l a b n o m a b er i s h
m ud d a t i .
9 . M u s o b a q a l a r n i o l i b b o r a d i g a n h a k a m l ar
hayatin in g n o m i .
10 . O’ tk az i l g an o’ y in g a no r o z i l i k b i l di r i s h v a un i q ar a b c h i qi s h , s h un i ng d e k
o’ y in c h i l a r n i m a y d o n d an c h iq a r i b y ubo r i s h y ok i u l ar n i o go h l a n ti r is h b i l a n
bo g’li q b o’l g a n i n t i z o m m a sal a l a r i n i ko’ r i b c h i q is h t a r t i b i .
11 . O’ y in c h i l a r i i n t i z o m n i b u z g a n l ig i u c hu n j a m o a l ar i n i n g j a v ob g a r l ig i h a m d a
m a y do n ( s p o rt z a l ) v a k lu b l a r m a’ m u r i y a tin in g o’ y i n o’t k az is h v a q t i d a t a r t i b
s a q l a n i s h i u c hu n j a v ob g ar b o’l i s h i .
12 . M u s o b a q a o’ t k a z i l a di g a n j o y l ar v a u l a r g a
qo’ yiladigan t a l a b l ar.
13 . G’ oli b l a r n i m uko f o t la s h h a m d a o x i r g i o’ r in l a r n i e g a ll a g a n j a m o a ning y ok i
j a m o a l ar ni n g k e y in g i x u dd i sh u n d ay m us o b a qa d a q a t n a sh i s h sh a r t l a r i .
G AND BOL
BO’ YIC HA E R K A KL AR , AY OLL AR , O’S M I R
BOL A L A R V A Q I Z L A R
O’ RTASIDA O’TK AZILAD IG AN
O’ Z BEK I STON R ES PU BL I K A SI M U SOB A Q A L AR I NIN G N I Z O M I
1 . M a q sa d v a v a z i f a la r
O’ z b e k i s to n Re sp u bl i k a s i c h e m pio na t i v a k ub o k m us o b a q a l ari q u y i d a gi
m a qs a dl a r d a o’t k az il a d i :
40

- ku c h l i j a m oal a r ni , k lu b v a o’ y in c hi l a r n i a n i q l a s h , u l ar n i Osi y o v a
b o s h q a x a l q a r o m us o b a q a l a r d a i s h t i r o k e tu v c h i O’ z b e k is t o n R e s p ub l ik a s i t er m a
j a m o a s ig a s ar a l a s h ;
- g a n db ol c h i lar ni n g s p o rt m a ho r a t i n i os hi r i s h ;
- c h e m pi o n a t v a k u bo k g’ o l i b l ar in i a ni q l a s h ;
- Re s p ub l i k a d a g a ndb o l n i o m m a vi y l a sh t i r i s h .
41

1 . MU SOB A Q A GA R A HB AR L I K Q I L I S H
M u s o b a q a l ar 20 1 y i l g a nd b o l f e d er a t s i y a s i to m on i d a n t a s d iql a n g an
m a su l q oi d a b o’ y i c h a o’t k a z il a d i .
M u s o b a q a n i o’ t k a z i s h O’ z b e k i s to n Re sp u b l i k a s i Ma d a n i y at v a s p o r t
i sh l a ri V az i r li g i , sp o rt o’ y i n l a ri bo’ y i c h a Re sp u b l i k a o l i y spo r t m a h or a t i
m a kt a b i v a O’ z b e k i s to n g a n d bo l fe d e r a t si y a s i b i l a n h a m ko r l i k d a a m a lg a
o s hi r i l a d i .
M u s o b a q a n i o’ t k a z is h b e v o si t a O’ z G F to m oni dan t a s di q l a ng an h a k a m l ar
z i m m a sig a y uk l a t i l a d i .M u s o b a q a l a r n i o’t k a z i s h j o y i , h a k am v a j a m o a l a r n i k u ti b
o l ish , j o y l a sh t i r i s h , o v q a t l a n t i r i s h h a m d a ku z a t i b q o’ y is h v i lo y at g a n db o l
f e d er a t s i y a s i v a m us o b a q a e g a s i bo’ l g a n j a m o a z i m m a sig a y uk l a t i l a d i .
1 . M u s o b a q a l a r n i o’t k a z i s h v a q t i v a j o y i
O’ z b e k i s to n t er m a j a m o a o’ y in c h i l a r i v a st a j y o r l ar in i n g b o sh q a
j a m o a g a
o’t i s h i f a q at O’ zR G F i j r o qo’ m i r ux s a t i b il a n a m a lg a o s h i r i l a d i .
M u s o b a q a l a r g a i sh t i r o k e t is h u c h u n b er i lg a n t a l a b n o m a la r h ar bi r tur
b os h l a n i s h i d a n 3 - ku n a v v a l x ar bi r o’ y in c h i u c h u n 10 . 0 0 0 ( o’ y m in g ) so’ m
m iqdo r i d a G a n d b o l F e d er a t si y a s i h i s ob i g a b a d a l o’ t k a z i l g a n d a n s o’n g
ko’ r i l a di .
O’ z b e k i s to n Re sp u b l i k a s i k l u b l a r i o’ y in c h i s i r e s p ub l i ka n in g b o sh q a
k lu b l a r i g a o’t is h g a n db o l fe d er a t s i y a s i h i s ob i g a 5 . 0 0 0 ( b e s h m in g ) so’ m
m iqdo r i d a p u l o’ t ka z i l g a n i d a n s o’n g a m a lg a os hi r i l a d i .
O’ z b e k i s to n Re s p ubl i k a s i k lu b l a ri o’ y in c h i l a r i M D H (S NG ) h a m d a c h et
el k lu b l a r i g a o’t a d i g a n b o’l s a, 2 0 0 A Q SH do l l a r i m illi y v a l y ut a ku r s i h i sobid a
G a n db o l F e d e r a t si y a s i h i so b i g i o’t k az is h i l o z i m .
M u s o b a q a n i n g 1 - t u r ig a k e l g a n ku n i b a r c h a j a m o a l ar h a k a m l ar h a y a t ig a
qu y i d a g i h u jj a t l ar n i t a q di m e ti s h lari s h ar t :
- no m do r t a l a b n o m a ( is m i , sh ar i f i , ot a s i ni g i s m i , tug’i l g an k u n , o y y il i ,
s p o r t u nv o n i , b o’ y i v a o’ y in c h in i n g r a q a m i , d o i m i y y a sh a s h j o y i ,
i s h j o y i , o’q i s h v a hi z m at j o y i );
42

- sh a x s in i t a s di q lo v c h i hu jj at ( n u s h a s i );
- p u l t o’l a ng a n l ig i t o’g’ r is i d a h u jj at n u s h a s i ;
- i s h t i r o k e t u v c h i j a m o a k lu b i n in g m a n z i l i , t e l ef on i , fa k s i v a m a’ lu m ot i .
Y u q o r i d a g i k o’ r s a t il g a n h u jj a t l ar a s o s i d a o’ y in c h i v a
t r e n e r l a r g a ,
l i t s e n z i y a l ar b er i l a d i .
L it s e n z i y a m us o b a q a l a r g a is h t i r o k e t i s h u c hu n a so si y y u r i d i k h u jj at
h is o b l a n a d i . Li ts e n z i y a n ar h i 1 . 0 0 0 ( b i r m i n g ) s o’ m .
I m t iy o z l i s h a r t l a r
O’ z b e k i s to n b i r i n c h i l i g i da g’o li b b o’l g a n y igi t –q i z l ar O’ z D JT I v a
j is m oni y t a r bi y a fa ku lt e t i m a v j u d bo’ l g a n o li y o’qu v y u r t l a r i g a
i m ti y o z l i r a v is h d a ki r i s h g a no m z o d l i k h u qu q i g a e g a di r l ar.
Ja m o a n a t i j a l a r i ni a n i q la sh
C h e m pi o n a t d a j a m o a n in g e g a l l a g a n o’ r ni , K ub o k v a bi r i n c h i l i kd a
b ar c h a
o’ y in lar i d a e n g ko’ p o c h k o t o’p l a g a n j a m o a h i so b l a n a d i .
J a m o a g a g’ a la b a u c h u n i k k i o c h k o , du ra n g u c h u n b i r o c h k o ,
m a g’lu b i y at
u c h u n 0 o c h k o , o’ y in g a k e l m a g an j a m o a g a 0:10 n a ti j a q a y d e t i l a di .
C h e m pi o n a t v a b i r i n c h i l ik d a i k k i v a u n d a n o r t i q j a m o a l a r
t o’p l a ng a n o c h k o lari b i r h i l bo’ l sa, u s t un l i k q u y i d a g i c h a a n i q l a n a d i ;
- j a m o a l ar o’ r t a s id a g i u c hr a sh u v l a r d a ko’ p o c h k o t o’p l a g a n j a m o a;
- b ar c h a o’ yin larda ko’ p g’ alabaga e r i sh g a n j a m o a;
- j a m o a l ar o’ r t a si d a o’t k a z i l g a n o’ y in da k i r i t i l g a n v a qo’ y i b y ubo r i l g a n
to’ pl a r far q i ;
- b ar c h a o’ y in l a r d a k i r i t i l g a n v a
qo’ yib y ubo r il g a n t o’p l ar f ar q i .
K u b o k m u s o b a q a l a r i d a i k k i j a m o a u c h ra s h uv i d a d u r a n g q a y d
e t i l s a ,
g’o l i bn i a n i q l a s h q u y i d a g i c h a h a l e t i l a d i ;
- i k k i m ar t a ( 5 d a q i q a li k i k k i b o’li m ) qo’s hi m c h a v a q t b e r i l a d i .
- 7 m e t r l i k j ar i m a to’p i o t i s h ( 5t a d a n ) v a g’ o l i b a n i q l a n i sh i g a q a d ar.
43

A g ar j a m o a l ar o’ y in ga u zr l i s a b a b b i l a n k e ch q o l s a y ok i k e l m a y qo l s a,
u h ol d a q o ld i r il g an o’ y i n m ud d a t i b o s h h a k a m l ar h a y a t i q a r o ri b i l a n
b e l g i l a n a di .
O’ y in g a s a b a s i z k e l m a g an y ok i o’ y i n v a q t i t u g a m a sid a n m a y don n i
t a rk e t g an j a m o a m uso b a q a d an c h e t l a s h t i r i l a d i v a u c hr a s hu v d a e r i sh g a n
g’ a l a b a l ari b e ko r q i l i n a d i . J a m o a n in g hu lq - a t v o ri O’ z b e k i s to n G a nd b o l
F e d er a t s i y a s i ko’ r i b
c h iq i l a d i .
M u so b a q a o’ t k a z il is h j o yl a r ig a t al a b l a r
O’ z b e k i s to n c h e m p i o na t i , Kub o k la r v a b i r in c h i l i k l a r i X G F
t o m oni dan t a sd i q l a n g an x a l q aro q oi d a b o’ y i c ha , m a z k u r N i z o m a so s i da y opi q
i ns h oo t l a r d a o’t k a z i l a di .
- m a y do n y uz a s i y og’o ch y ok i s in t e ti k a b i l a n q o p l a n g an b o’l i s h i sh a r t ;
- b e to n , a s fa l t , t a b ii y t u p r o q b il a n q op l a n g a n m a y do n l a r d a
m us o b a q a
o’t k a z i s h m a n e t i l a d i .
M u s o b a q a n i t a s h k i l e t u v c h i v a q a b u l q il u v c h i j a m oal ar
z i m m a si g a qu y i d a g il a r y uk l a t i l a d i :
- i s h i t r o k c h i v a h a k a m l ar n i j o y l a s ht i r is h v a o v q a t l a n t i r is h n i t a sh k i l e t i s h ;
- j a m o a l a r g a s p o rt z a ll ar i d a k o’n i k m a ho s i l q i l is h u c h u n v a q t b e l g i l a s h ;
- m uso b a q a o’tk a z i l a d i g a n v a j a m o a l ar tu r ar j o y l ar i d a
x a v f s i z l ikn i t a’ m in l a s h ;
- j a m o a v a h a k a m l ar g a q a y t i b k e t i sh l a ri u c hu n c h i p t a l ar
o l is h g a
ko’ m a kl a s h i s h;
- i s h t i r o k c h i , h a k a m l ar v a m a tb u o t xo d i m l ari u c h u n sp o r t za l i d a n
j o y a j ra t is h .
M u s o b a q a o’t k a z is h j o y l ar i n i q on i q a r s i z h o l d a t a s hk i l e t g a n m ez b o n
j a m o a si m uso b a q a o’ t k a z i s h h u qu q i d a n m a h r u m e ti l a d i .
I N T I Z O M GA Z I D H ARA K A TL A R
44

O’ y in c h i v a m ur a b b i y l ar n i n g t a r t ib si z x u l q i ( h a k a m li k k a a p p e l y a tsi y a
qi lish , bi r - b i r i g a, r a q i b l ar g a , m ux l i s l a r g a q o’p o l l i k qi l i s h ) sp o r t c hi g a x o s
b o’l m a g an qo’ p o l h ar a k a t hi s o b la n a di .S p o r t c h i g a x o s bo’ l m a g an h a r a k a t i
u c h u n o’ y in d a n c h e t l a ti l g a n o’ y in c h i b e v o s i t a k e y in g i o’ yin ga qo’ y i l m a y d i .
O’ y inn i b os h q a r u v c h i h a k a m l ar v a bo s h h a k am to m on i d an o’ y i n
m a y don i d a n t a sh q a r i d a t u r g an o’ y in c h i lar, m u ra b b i y l ar v a b o s h q a m a su l
sh a x s l ar, s hu n in g d ek, o go h l a n ti r i l a d i v a d i s k va l i f i k a t s i y a q i l i n a d i .
N O R O Z I L I K ( PR OTES T )
H a k a m l ar n i ta y i n l a sh , o’ y i n j a dv a l i , q o i d a a s o si d a h a k a m l ar t o m on i d a n
q i l in g a n q a r o r g a no r o z i li k ( p r o t e s t ) b er is h m u m ki n e m a s .
N o r o z i l i k o’ y i n t u g a g a n i d a n s o’ n g b i r so a t i c hi d a bo s h h a k a m g a y o z m a
ra v i sh d a b e r i li s h i sh art ( o’ y in d a n s o’n g d a r h o l ra qi bl a r j a m o a s i
o g o h l a n ti r i li b ,
o’ yin b a y o nn o m a si g a b e lg i l a b q o’ y i l a d i ).

O’ YIN I SH T I R O K C H IL AR I N I Q AY D ET I SH T AR T I BI
O’ z b e k i s to n G a n d bo l Fe d e ra ts i y as i t e k s hi r u v h a y a t i s p o r t t e xn i k h a y a ti
(S TK ) t a l a b l ari a s o si d a j a m o a l ar n i n g hu jj a t l a r i n i ( j a m o a d a n b o s h q a j a m o a g a
o’t is h v a ho k a z o ) t e k s h ir a di .
J a m o a v a k i l i c h e m p io n at v a Ku b ok l a r g a q a tn a s h i s h u c hu n m uh r bi l a n
t a sd i q l a n g an 2 n u s xa d a g i t a l a b no m a, o’ y i n c h i l a r n i n g j a m o a b i l a n sh a r t no m a s in i
t a qd i m e tis h l a r i l o z i m .
H u jj a tl ar n az o r a t d a n o’t g a n d a n s o’n g o’ y in c h i g a us h b u j a m o a t ar ki bid a
m uso b a q a l a r g a q a t n a s h i s h h uq u q i n i b e r u v c h i l i t s e n z i y a b er i l a d i .
O’ z b e k i s to n b i r in c h i l i gi d a i s ht i r o k e t u v c h i j a m o a v a k il l a r i
t e k sh i r u v
hayatig a q u y i d a g i hujj a tl a r n i t a qd i m e tis h i k e r a k :
- b i t i r u v si n f o’ q u v c h i lari p a s p o r t i ( p a s p o r ts i z m uso ba q a g a q o’ y i l m a y d i );
- b os h q a o’q u v c h i l a r g a t u g’i l g a n li k t o’g’ r i si d a g i gu v oh no m a v a
t u r a r j o y i d an m a’ lu m ot nom a;
- v i lo y at s po r t q o’ m i t a s i v a j is m oni y t ar bi y a ti b bi y di s p a n s eri
to m on i d a n t a sd i q l a n g an 2 nu sx a d a t a l a b no m a.
45

M u s o b a q a l ar b o sh l a n is h i d a n b i r k u n ol d i n m uso b a q a m ez bo n l a r i
j a m o a si s p o r t b a za si d a s o a t 1 7 :0 0 d a j a m o a v a ki ll a ri b i l an y ig’i l i s h o’t k a z i l a d i .
M u s o b a q a n i o’ t k a z i s h ti z i m i q a t n a sh uv c h i j a m o a l ar s o n i g a b o g’l i q b o’ li b
j a m o a v a k i l l a r i is h t i r o ki d a bo s h h a k a m l ar ha yati to m on i d a n a n i q l a n a di .
M OL I Y A SH AR TL ARI
Maz k u r N i z o m o’ t k a z il a d i g an O’ z b e k i s to n c h e m pi o n a t i , K u b o k l a r i v a
bi r i n c h i l i k m uso ba q a l a r ig a t a k l i f ( vi z o v ) v a z if a s i n i o’t a y d i .
O’ z b e k i s to n c h e m p i o na t i v a Kub o k m us o b a q a l a r i n i o’t k az i s h
h a ra j a t l a ri ( s p o r t in s ho o t l a r i d an f o y d a l a n is h g a k e t a d i g a n m a bl a g’ h a k a m l ar
u c h u n to’ lov , o v q a t l a n i s h , j o y l a shi s h , y o’ l h a r a j a t l ari ( y o’ l h ara j a t l ar i , m u so b a q a
h a k a m l i k to’ l o v l a r i , j a m o a v a o’ y in c h i l a r n i t a qd i r l a s h ) O’ z b e k i s to n re sp u b l i k a s i
Ma d a n i y at v a sp o rt i sh l a r i V az i r i l i g i h is o bi d a n q o p l a n a d i .
O’ s m i r l ar ( q i z l ar) o r a s i d a O’ z b e k is t o n Re s p ub l i k a s i b i r i n c h i l ig i
o’ t k a z is h s arf - h ara j a t l ari ( s p o rt i n sh o ot l ar a r i z a s i , is h t i r o k i c h lar n i j o y l a sh t i r i s h v a
o v q a t l a n t i r i s h , y o’ l h ara j a tl a r i ; h a k a m l ar n i j o y l a sh ti r i s h , ovq a t l a n t i r i s h , m a o s h
to’ l a sh , j a m o a v a o’ y in c h i l a r n i t a q d i r l a sh ) O’ z b e k is t o n Re sp u b l i k a s i
Ma d a ni y a t i s h l ari v a sp o rt V a z i r l i g i m a bl a g’ i h i so b id an a m a lg a
os hi r i l a d i . B i r i n c h i l i k m us o b a q a l ar i g a q a tn a s h u v c h i j a m o a l ar y o’ l h a r a j a t l a r i ,
m uso b a q a g a q a t n a s h m oq c h i bo’ l g an t a s hk i l o t h is o bi d a n a m a lg a
o s hi r i l a di . O’ z b e k i s to n c h e m p i o na t i v a K u bo k m u s o ba q a l a r i g a i sh ti r o k e t u v c h i
b ar c h a j a m o a l ar c h e m pi o n a t n in g 2 - t u ri b o sh l a ngu n g a q a d ar f e d er a t s i y a i s h in i
t a s h ki l e ti sh , s hu n i n g d e k , c h e m p i o na t n i o’ t k a z i s h v a o’ y in c h i l ar, m u ra b b i y l ar
v a h a k a m l ar n i ra g’b a tl a n ti r i s h u c hu n - O’ z G F his ob i ga 1 0 0 0 0 0 ( bi r y u z
m in g ) s o’ m b a d a l
to’ l a s h i s h a r t .
T A Q D I R L A SH
B i r i n c h i o’ r i n n i e g a l l a g an j a m o a g a “ O’ z b e k i s to n Re sp u bl i k a s i c h e m pi on i”
u nv o n i v a O’ z b e k i st o n R e sp u b l i k a s i M a d ani y at v a sp o rt i sh l a r i V az i r l i gi n i n g
I d ara j a l i d ip lo m i b er i la di . J a m o a o’ y in c h i l a r i O’ z b e k i s to n R e s pu b l i ka s i
46

M a d a n i y at v a S p o rt i s h l a ri V az i r li g in i n g I d a ra j a l i d i p l o m l ari v a qi m m a tb a h o
m uko f o t l a r i b i l a n m uko f o t l a n a d il ar.
2 -, 3 - o’ r i n s oh i b l a r i t e g is h l i d ara j a l i di p lo m l ar bil a n t a q di r l a n a d i l ar.
X U L O S A
X u lo s a q i li b a y tg a nd a, q o’ l t o’p i m usob o q a l a r i o’ q u v m a shg’u lo t
i s h l ar in i n g a s o s i y qi s m in i t a s h k i l e t a di . U s hu g’u l l a nu v c h i l a r n i n g
m a s h g’u l o t l ar g a qi z i q is h i n i os hi r a d i , m a m l a k a t d a q o’ l to’p i n i o m m a vi y
r ivo j l a nt i r is h g a y o r d am b er a di . G a n db ol c h i o’ y in lar d a m un t az a m q a tn a sh m ay
tu r i b y uqo r i n a t i j a l a r g a er i sh a o l m a y d i . M u so b o q a l ar m us o b a q a
q a t n a s h c h i l a r i ni n g v a u m u m a n , j a m o a n in g j is m oni y t e x n i k , t a kt i k v a a x l oq i y –
i r o d avi y t a y y o r g a r l ig i d a ra j a s in i a n i q l a y d i , o’q u v m a shg’u lo t j a r a y oni n g a h vo l i
v a yo’ nalishi ni a n iq l a s h i m k on i n i b er is hi .
M us o bo q a n a ti j a l a r i o’q u v – m a shg’ u lo t i s h l ar in i y a k u n l a s h v o s i t a s i bo’ li b
hi z m at q i l i sh i .M u s o b a q a l ar q a ti y l i k n i , g’ a l a b a g a e r i sh i s h y o’li d a g i i r o d a k u c h i n i ,
j a m o a, tu m a n , s h a h ar, r e s p ub l i k a, q o l a v e r s a, m a m l a k at o ld i d a g i m a suli y at h is i n i
t a r bi y a l a sh i .M us o b a q a la r n i t a yy o r l a s h v a o’t k a z is h g a u m u m i y ra h b a r l i k n i a m a l g a
o sh i r a d i g a n t a s h ki l o t , s hu n in gd e k m us o b a q an i o’ t k a z i s h u c hu n a n i q j a vo b g ar
s h a x s bo’ l i s h i , m us o b a q a l a r j o y in i t a y y o r l a s h s p o r t c h i v a h a k a m l a r n i k u t i b ol i s h ,
j o y l a s h ti r i s h , ov q a tl a n t i r i s h t i bb i y hi z m at ko’ r s a t is h , s hu n in gd e k , m a d a niy
t a db i r l ar n i o’t k a z i s h u c h u n h am j a vo b g ar t a y in l a n i s h i .
O l d i g a q o’ y il g a n v a z if a l a r i g a q a r ab m uso ba q a l a r n i a s o s i y v a y o r d a m c h i
m uso b a q a l a r g a b o’l is h m u m kin l i g i .M u s o b a q a h a q i d a g i n i z o m k a t t a y u r id i k
ku c h g a e g a b o’l g a n hu j j a t d ir . Und a a s os i y t a s h k il i y v a t e x n i k s h a r t - sh a r o i t l a r
a n i q b a y o n q i li n g an b o’l a di . N i z o m o’q u v - m a sh q i s h l a r i n in g m a z m uni n i
b e l gi l a b b er a di , c hu n k i j a m o a l a r n in g t a sh k i li y - u s l u b i y t a y y o r g ar l i g i bo’ l a j a k
m uso b a q a l a r n i n g x u s u s i y a t l a r i n i h is o bg a o l g a n h o ld a o’tk a z i l is h i .B u l ar n i
b ar c h a s i qo l t op i o’ y in i qo i d a l ari v a x a k a m li k l a r i g a m is o l bo’l a ol a d i .
47

Foydalanilgan a d a b i y o t l a r
1 . O’ z b e k i st o n d a j is m oni y tarbi y a va s p o r tn i y a n a d a r i v o j l a nt i r is h ch a r a -
t a db i r l ari to’g’ r i s i d a g i qa r ar. 2 7 - m a y 1 9 9 9 y il .
2 . “ O’ z b e k i st o nd a j is m oni y t ar b i y a va spo r t t o’g’ r i s id a ” g i O’ z b e k i s to n
Re s p ub l i k a s i Q on u ni g a o’z gar tirishlar v a q o’ s hi m c h a l a r k i r it i s h h a q id a g i q a r o r.
26 - m ay 2 0 0 0 y il .
3 . O’ z b e k i s t o n R e s pu b l i k a s i Pre z i d e nti n in g “ O’ z b e ki st o n B ol a l ar s p o r - t i n i
r i v o j l a n ti r i s h j a m g’ a r m a si n i t a s h k i l e t i s h t o’ g’ r is i d a” g i far m o n i “ 2 0 0 2 y il .
4 . O’quv c h i va t a l a b a y o s hl a r n i s p o r t g a j a l b q i l i s h g a q ar a t ilg an u z l u ks i z
s p o rt m usob o q a l a r i t i z i m in i t a s hk i l e t i s h t o’g’ r i s id a g i q a r o r. 3 - i y un 20 0 3 y il .
5 . O’ z b e k i s t o n R e s pu b l i k a s i Pre z i d e nti n in g “ O’ z b e ki st o n d a f u tb o ln i
r i v o j l a n ti r i s h g a d o i r q o’s h i m c h a c ho r a - t a db i r l ar t o’g’ r i s id a ” g i q a r o r i . 1 - m a y
2 0 0 6 y il .
6 .U s m on x u j a y ev T .
Bosh lang’i ch s i n f l a r d a j is m oni y tarbi y a d a r sl a r i . 19 9 6 y .
7 . G a n d b o l . F. A bd u r a x m on o v , S. P a v l o v T . 20 0 5
8 . G a n d b o l . ( J is m o n i y t ar b i y a in s i t u t i v a j is m oni y t ar b i y a fa k ul t e t l a r i
u c hu n d a r s l i k) F .A b d u r a x m o no v , S . Pa v l o v , J . A k ra m o v T . 20 0 7 y .
9 . J i s m oni y t ar b i Y . T. S .U s m onxu j a y e v , V.Y u s u p o v ,
J .A k ra m o v, S .T.U s m on x u j a y ev T . 2 0 0 8 y .
10 . Ga n db o l J . A k ra m o v T . 20 0 8
11 . G a n db o l J . A k ra m o v T . 20 0 8
12 .www . Z I YONE T . U Z
13 . w ww . Y ANDE X. U Z
14 . w w w L EX . U Z
48

Купить

Похожие документы
Mashg'ulotning tayyorgarlik (raqobatbardosh, o'tish) davrida sport gimnastikasida (sport akrobatikasida) samaradorlikni oshirish uchun o'quv vositalari
Zamonaviy voleybolda sakrovchanlikning ahamiyati va uni nostandart mashqlar yordamida o‘stirish uslubiyati
Futbolchilarning egiluvchanlik va chakkonlik sifat-larini takomillashtirishda gimnastikaning o’rni
Voleybol o’yinining vujudga kelishi va rivojlanish tarixi
Sogʻlom avlod tarbiyasida jismoniy tarbiya mashgʻulotlarining oʻrni